What were the spy activities in Shanghai during the Japanese invasion of China?

The first is the central intelligence agency, which mainly includes the intelligence departments set up by the Japanese General Staff Headquarters and the Navy Military Command Department, as well as the intelligence agencies set up by various ministries under the government, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Extension Department, the Xingya Institute, and the Greater East Asia Province. 1940, when Wei Wen formed a cabinet for the second time, in order to coordinate the work of various intelligence agencies, a Cabinet Intelligence Bureau was specially set up, but it did not play a role. Among them, the Army General Staff and the Naval Military Command are mainly responsible for the command, dispatch and organization of Japanese spies sent abroad. Most of the spies they sent used the identity of the embassy attache as a cover to spy on all kinds of information in the host country. Lu Haijun's intelligence organizations are two systems, which are not subordinate to each other. But sometimes there are alliances. For example, before the outbreak of the Pacific War, Lu Haijun jointly established the "Myanmar Organ" in Myanmar.

The second is the secret service set up by the Japanese aggressor troops in the occupied areas. With the deepening of Japanese aggression against China, the number and scale of such secret service agencies are becoming increasingly large, systematic and widely distributed. The first Japanese spy agency in China was established by the Kwantung Army in Fengtian in 19 16 and Harbin in19/8. After the September 18th Incident, the Kwantung Army set up many secret service agencies one after another. By 1945, the kwantung army had set up 15 secret service agencies and 20 branches in the northeast of China. The main task is to monitor and investigate the movements of China's military and civilians, foster traitors, and monitor puppet officials. 1937 After the July 7th Incident, the Japanese invaders set up various secret service agencies in North China, East China, Central China and South China. These secret services carry out espionage and strategic activities according to the characteristics of different regions. For example, the tasks of the East Agency located in Ningbo include collecting information about the Kuomintang troops and the activities of Britain and the United States along the coast of Zhejiang and Fujian, while the tasks of the Second Agency located in Shanghai are mainly to plunder strategic materials and carry out espionage and strategic activities through economic means. In addition to Japanese agents, the Japanese secret service also collected and trained a large number of China agents. For example, there are 59 China agents and 6 Japanese agents in Cheng Nan, which is located under the Japanese naval military government. Similar situations exist in secret services all over the country to varying degrees. It goes without saying that this is also a concrete and subtle aspect of the Japanese aggression policy of "controlling China with China". In order to facilitate their activities, some Japanese secret service agencies also set up peripheral agencies to carry out espionage activities under the cover of societies, magazines and economic entities. For example, Mei has five peripheral organizations in Shanghai: Working Committee 1, Working Committee 2, Southeast Trading Company, Haitong Trading Company and Trading Company.

Third, intelligence agencies set up by some colonial companies or big capital companies, the most notorious of which is the investigation class of Nanman Railway Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Manchuria Railway).

In addition, Japan's Central Police Department, the Police Insurance Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and its subordinate local police departments, and the gendarmerie under the Japanese Army Province have all set up special advanced courses (referred to as special advanced courses) to supervise the anti-espionage business. All puppet regimes occupied by the Japanese army in China also had gendarmes and police organs, so they became bloody organizations to collect information to suppress War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the people of China, and to detect anti-Japanese laborers.

During the invasion of China, the Japanese army established a fine and huge spy intelligence network, which encouraged the arrogance of criminal aggression.

In order to meet the needs of foreign expansion, Japanese spy agencies officially started in the 1980s, and showed their talents in the Sino-Japanese War, and their strength was verified and strengthened in the Russo-Japanese War. By World War II in 1930s and 1940s, Japanese spy agencies played a vital role in pre-emptive or premeditated military actions in Japanese military history.

For example, the Manchuria Railway, established in 1906, seems to be a railway company, but in fact it is a "colonial aggression organization that develops and manages Manchuria and implements Japan's mainland policy". The investigation department of Manchuria Railway was established in Dalian on 1907, and its subordinate offices are located in Fengtian, Harbin, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing and even Tokyo, new york and Paris. By the time of the September 18th Incident, the Investigation Bureau of Manchuria Railway had developed into a huge investigation organization with more than 2,000 backbones. At first, it only investigated and collected information about the history, geography, resources and products of northeast China. After the September 18th Incident, in order to cooperate with the Kwantung Army, the Investigation Bureau of Manchuria Railway began to collect military information and the dynamics of China's anti-Japanese armed forces, and directly provided them to the Kwantung Army Guard, Gendarmerie or Police Department. Taking this as an opportunity, it changed from an information consulting department to an organ that cooperated with the decision-making of the Kwantung Army. According to statistics, in nearly 40 years' intelligence activities, the Bureau of Investigation of Manchuria Railway has put forward 6,200 investigation reports, and accumulated more than 500,000 books, periodicals and newspaper clippings for research, which can be described as the epitome of intelligence agencies and secret service systems in modern colonial history.

During the war of aggression against China, Japanese spy agencies spared no effort to steal confidential information, monitor important people in China, suppress and destroy China's anti-Japanese forces, seek and support puppet traitors, and engage in various separatist activities. On the eve of the September 18th Incident, Japanese military spies, such as Nobutaro Nakamura and Entaro Inoyama, disguised themselves as China farmers and went to Xingnongling and Suolunshan to investigate military geography. They were arrested and executed by the third regiment of Guan Yuheng, a local concession army in China, which was used by the Japanese army to make waves and resort to force. Soon, the September 18th Incident broke out. Known as "Lawrence of the East", the spy chief Tufei Kenji supported the Qing Dynasty to abolish the Puyi emperor and establish the puppet Manchukuo. The Japanese female spy Nanzao Yunzi seduced Huang Xun, the confidential secretary of the Kuomintang government and in charge of the confidential documents of the high command, so that the military and political information of the Republic of China was continuously sent to the Japanese military department through the confidential secretary. Finally, after Chiang Kai-shek gave the death order, the espionage case was finally cracked on September 1937, and Nanzao Yunzi was arrested. The director of Shanghai American Bureau successfully instigated Wang Jingwei to defect to the enemy and betray the country, so he became the highest adviser of Wang puppet regime-"the emperor's father". This shows that the pervasive Japanese spy agency played an important role in the war of aggression against China.

The elaborate and huge spy intelligence network established in China during the Japanese invasion of China not only provided strong support and guarantee for its various criminal aggression activities, but also became an important part of its war of aggression. (