What scientific contribution did Da Vinci make?

Leonardo da Vinci held a negative attitude towards the traditional "geocentric theory". He believes that the earth is not the center of the solar system, let alone the center of the universe, but just a planet orbiting the sun, and the sun itself does not move. Leonardo also believed that the moon itself did not shine, but only reflected the brilliance of the sun. His idea was put forward earlier than Copernicus's "Heliocentrism", and even then, Leonardo da Vinci may have fantasized about using solar energy.

2. Physics

Leonardo da Vinci rediscovered the concept of liquid pressure and put forward the principle of communication device. He pointed out: in communication devices, the liquid level of the same liquid is the same, the liquid level of different liquids is different, and the height of liquid is inversely proportional to density.

15th century, he first began to study the theory of tribology between objects. He discovered the principle of inertia, which was later proved by Galileo's experiment. He believes that a projectile initially rises along an inclined straight line, makes a curve displacement under the mixed action of gravity and impulse, and finally runs out of impulse under the action of gravity and makes a vertical falling motion.

It also predicted the atomic principle of matter and vividly described the power of atomic energy: "That thing will explode from the ground, causing people to die suddenly in silent breathing, and the castle will be completely destroyed. It seems to have a strong destructive power in the air. "

3. Mechanics

Leonardo da Vinci emphasized that mechanics and mathematics are also the basis of natural science and studied many mechanical problems. According to his experiments and observations, he found that heavy objects fall along a straight line connected with the center of the earth, and the speed of falling is proportional to time. In statics, he strictly defined the concept of moment: the balance between rod and street is "determined by their weight and distance from fulcrum", thus summarizing the general law of calculating geometric center of gravity. He already knows the parallelogram force law.

When using this law to study the motion of heavy objects along an inclined plane, he correctly got the definition of friction. In his observation notes, he wrote that objects "cannot move by themselves" ... every object has weight in its direction of motion. When an object moves, "the pressure on air is equal to the force on it."

In fluid mechanics, he came to the conclusion that the velocity of a river is inversely proportional to the width of the river, and used this conclusion to explain the flow of blood in blood vessels. He also used mechanics and mechanical principles to design many machines and instruments, and participated in the design and construction of canals, water conservancy and construction projects. He designed an airplane for the first time in 1493 by studying the movement of bird wings.

4. Machine

Obsessed with the mechanical world Underwater breathing device, traction device, clockwork transmission device, ball device, reverse screw, differential screw, anemometer and gyroscope ... leonardo da vinci showed the world countless fantastic ideas. At the beginning of the story, I have to talk about Leonardo da Vinci's first experience of studying painting in Florence. In fact, this experience opened the door for artist Leonardo da Vinci and also for scientist Leonardo da Vinci.

The Cathedral of Notre Dame in Florence is the beginning of Renaissance architecture. When leonardo da vinci installed a giant copper ball on the dome lighthouse, he witnessed the efficiency of the three-speed elevator and other mechanical devices, and was deeply impressed by this magic.

1460, Leonardo da Vinci came to Florence with his father, started his apprenticeship and began to learn painting at the same time. Leonardo da Vinci, who studied painting, participated in the installation of the giant copper ball on the dome lighthouse of Notre Dame de Florence, thus contacting and feeling the magic of various mechanical systems.

Thus, brunelleschi's mechanical system design concept had a great influence on Leonardo da Vinci. At that time, a group of engineers in Siena also had an important influence on Leonardo da Vinci's scientific community. Engineers have designed a river silt excavator that looks like a boat, used to remove sand and silt from shallow water mouths, and a paddle boat that can improve loading capacity and speed up driving. The inventions of these Siena engineers made Leonardo interested in the magic of machinery.

Extended data:

Leonardo da vinci's teacher, verrocchio, was commissioned by the church of San Salbino to draw a picture of Christ's baptism. Although the characters in the whole painting have been finished, there is no background left. The church has repeatedly urged verrocchio to hand over the paintings before Easter. It was only seven days before Easter, but verrocchio didn't want to play it by ear. He decided to take Leonardo da Vinci to lower Moni Lake to sketch, and then draw the background. Unexpectedly, during the rainstorm on the way, verrocchio caught a cold and had a high fever.

Due to the urgent task, verrocchio had to ask Da Vinci to draw the background. Da Vinci rushed back to Florence, pondered the teacher's creative intention repeatedly, imitated the teacher's painting style, and finally completed the whole painting after a day's hard work. The next morning, when Leonardo opened the canvas, he was shocked.

It turned out that the angel image painted by the teacher with Leonardo da Vinci as the model was scraped off by the jealous brother. He feels that the situation is very serious and time is pressing. He made up his mind to live up to the teacher's entrustment, and in order to safeguard the teacher's honor, he began to draw angels himself. He found the teacher's manuscript, modeled himself, looked in the mirror and redrawn the angel.

When verrocchio came back from his recovery and saw this painting, he was very excited. He reached out his hands, hugged Leonardo da Vinci's shoulders and said excitedly, "It's perfect. It seems that I can only take a carving knife in the future." Since then, Leonardo has become a famous painter in Florence.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Da Vinci