Help me check the characteristics of Yangzhou dialect and give me some typical words

Yangzhou dialect is the representative dialect of Jianghuai Mandarin, and it has a history of at least three or four hundred years. It was once the official language of the Ming Dynasty, and there are still many ancient Chinese words and some vivid and interesting spoken language. Folk arts based on Yangzhou dialect include Yangzhou Qingqu, Yangzhou Pinghua, Yangju, etc. These folk arts have been included in the national intangible cultural heritage.

In the narrow sense, "Yangzhou dialect" generally refers to the urban dialect of Yangzhou, and the suburbs of Yangzhou are also called "street dialect". In a broad sense, Yangzhou dialect also includes the dialects of Hanjiang, most of Jiangdu, eastern Yizheng, Gaoyou, Baoying, the main urban area of ??Huai'an, Chuzhou District of Huai'an, Jinhu, Yancheng and Jianhu of Huai'an, as well as Tianchang City in Anhui, commonly known as " "Great Yangzhou dialect".

Phonetic characteristics

In terms of initial consonants:

Yangzhou dialect has 17 initial consonants, including zero initial consonants. Compared with Mandarin, it only lacks the initial consonants zh, ch, sh, r, and n. The ancient fully voiced initial consonants have all been devoiced in Yangzhou dialect. When plosives and affricates occur, the aspirated voiceless sounds are pronounced in flat tones, and the unaspirated voiceless sounds are pronounced in oblique tones, which is consistent with most Mandarin dialects. The flat and retroflexed tongues of Mandarin are not distinguished in Yangzhou dialect. In Yangzhou dialect, z, c, s, and l are used instead of zh, ch, sh, and r.

The ancient second-class characters for opening usually have two pronunciations: the initial consonant is not palatized (open mouth is exhaled) and the initial consonant is palatized (opening is exhaled). For example: home, in "go home", pronounce ga, in "family", pronounce jia. Not to be confused.

Yingmu and Yimu are confused, both pronounced as zero initial consonant. Consistent with Mandarin.

The mud mother, lai mother, and sun mother are mixed together, which is the so-called n, l, and r. The final sound of Hong sound is preceded by l, and the final sound of fine sound sound is preceded by n. For example: brain = lao, cool = niang. However, many places in Yangzhou suburbs distinguish between n and l.

As for finals:

Yangzhou dialect has 47 finals. Compared with most Mandarin dialects, the biggest feature is that it retains the rhyme of the entry tone and the rhyme of the entry tone and the throat stop. In ancient times, Xianshan was divided into three parts: Huanhuan, Hanshan and Xiantianyun. For example: Guan = guan, Guan = guon, Shan = san, Fan = xian, etc. These are different from Mandarin.

The front and back nasal rhymes of Beijing dialect are merged separately in Yangzhou dialect. Bing=Bin, Jing=Enter.

Guo She does not distinguish between opening and closing mouths, so they are all pronounced as o. For example: He = goods = ho. and=river=ho.

In terms of tones: Yangzhou dialect has five single-syllable tones: Yinping, Yangping, rising tone, falling tone, and entering tone. The ancient full turbid upper sound now returns to the going sound, and the ancient secondary turbid upper sound now returns to the upper sound. In ancient times, Qing Qi and Zhuo Qi were merged into Qu and Ru sound respectively. Except for the entering tone, the tones of other characters are basically the same as those in Mandarin.

Poems about Yangzhou

Du Mu's "A Letter to Judge Han Chuo of Yangzhou"

The green mountains are faintly covered by the water, and the grass in the south of the Yangtze River has not withered after autumn.

On a moonlit night at the Twenty-Four Bridge, where can a beautiful woman teach me how to play the flute?

Du Mu's "Reminiscences"

The wine shop is in the down and out rivers and lakes, with a slender waist and light palms.

After ten years of dreaming of Yangzhou, I gained the reputation of a brothel.

"Remembering Yangzhou" by Xu Ning of the Tang Dynasty

It is difficult for Xiao Niang to shed tears on her face, and her peach-leaf brows are prone to sadness.

One third of the world is a bright moonlit night, and the other half is Yangzhou.

Li Bai's "Yellow Crane Tower Sends Meng Haoran to Guangling"

The old friend bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and fireworks descended from Yangzhou in March.

The shadow of the lone sail in the distance is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River can be seen flowing in the sky.

"Novel" by Yin Yun from the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties

There are guests who follow each other and each expresses his or her own aspirations: perhaps he would like to be the governor of Yangzhou, or he would like to have more wealth, or he would like to ride on a crane and rise to the top. One of them said: "With a hundred thousand guan tied around his waist, he rode a crane to Yangzhou" and wanted to have all three. (Lone Wolf's explanation: The word "上" is now mostly used with the word "下")

In addition, Lone Wolf himself has always believed that since ancient times, there have been many talents in the south of the Yangtze River, but only Yangzhou has produced weirdos.