Slogan about the Hundred Regiments War

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the Eighth Route Army used the 105 regiment in North China to launch a large-scale offensive campaign against the traffic lines and strongholds occupied by the Japanese.

1940 during the summer and autumn, Japanese imperialists took advantage of the rapid advance of German fascist troops in western Europe and northern Europe, the preparations for the American war were not yet completed, and Britain was unable to look east, so they actively prepared to implement the "southward" policy and seize the colonies of Britain, the United States, France and the Netherlands in Southeast Asia and the southwest Pacific. Therefore, while stepping up the political lure and surrender activities against the Kuomintang government, China continued to attack the anti-Japanese base areas with its main force, especially in North China, stepping up the implementation of the 1940 "Soviet political construction plan" and the "cage policy" with railways as the pillar, highways as the chain and bunkers as the key, in an attempt to destroy the anti-Japanese base areas in North China, consolidate its occupied areas, and make China its "southward advance".

In order to smash the "cage policy" of the Japanese invaders, strive for a more favorable development of the war situation in North China, affect the national anti-Japanese war situation, and overcome the danger of compromise and surrender of the Kuomintang, the Eighth Route Army headquarters decided to launch a large-scale offensive campaign against the traffic lines and strongholds occupied by Japanese troops in North China.

On July 22nd, Zhu De, Commander-in-Chief of the Eighth Route Army, and Peng, Deputy Commander-in-Chief, issued a "battle preparation order", stipulating that Zhengzhou-Taiyuan Railway (now Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan) should be attacked with no less than 22 regiments. At the same time, it is required that Tongpu (Datong-fenglingdu), Pinghan (now Beijing-Hankou), Jinpu (now Jinpukou), Beining (now Beijing-Shenyang), Deshi (Dezhou-Shijiazhuang) and other major highway trunk lines in North China also deploy appropriate troops and launch extensive attacks to cooperate with the Zheng Tai Railway's blocking war. On August 8, Zhu De and Peng issued the Campaign Action Order, stipulating that the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region would attack the section from Shijiazhuang (inclusive) to Yangquan (exclusive) of Zheng Tai Railway; 129th Division attacked the section from Yangquan (inclusive) to Yuci (inclusive) of Zheng Tai Railway; 120 Division launched an attack on Tongpu Railway and Fen (Yang)-Li (Shi) Highway to the north of Shenxian County, and deployed heavy troops in the north and south areas of Yangqu to prevent Japanese troops from reinforcing Zheng Tai Railway. All ministries are required to recapture some strongholds occupied by the Japanese army while breaking the traffic line. In these areas and communication lines, there are all three Japanese divisions, two regiments of two divisions, all five independent mixed brigades, two battalions of four independent mixed brigades, and two battalions of 1 cavalry brigade, with more than 200,000 people, 150 planes and about 150 puppet troops. The Eighth Route Army's combat troops include 39 regiments in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, 46 regiments in 129 Division (including 1 and the third column of the death squads), 20 regiments in 120 Division (including the second and fourth columns of the death squads), and more than 200,000 people in * *105 Division.

On August 20th, the Eighth Route Army first launched an offensive campaign to implement total traffic war on the Zheng Tai Railway, centering on the Zheng Tai Railway. Zheng Tai Railway, crossing Taihang Mountain, is the connection point between Pinghan Railway and Tongpu Railway, and it is one of the important strategic transportation lines of the Japanese army in North China. The Japanese army stationed all the Fourth Brigade (headquartered in Yangquan) along the Zheng Tai Railway, and one each of the Eighth and Ninth Brigade (headquartered in Shijiazhuang and Taiyuan respectively). On the night of August 20th, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region was under the command of Nie Rongzhen, commander and political commissar, and had 18 infantry regiment, 1 cavalry regiment, 2 cavalry battalions and 5 guerrilla detachments. With the cooperation of some artillery and engineers, they formed three columns, left, middle and right, to attack the Japanese army in the eastern section of Zhengzhou-Taiyuan Railway respectively. After several hours of fierce fighting, the right column broke into Niangziguan, a key pass at the junction of Shanxi and Hebei, and wiped out a Japanese army. Later, bridges and traffic lines east of Niangziguan were destroyed. The central column attacking Niangziguan-Weishui section was connected with Japanese strongholds such as Kecaizhuang, Didu, Beiyu and Nanyu, and two bridges were destroyed. Attacked the first central column of Jingxing coal mine, with the support of miners, destroyed the main facilities of the coal mine and forced it to stop production for half a year. On the 23rd, due to Shijiazhuang's aid to the Japanese army's westward advance, continuous rainfall and river flooding, the troops of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region dispatched troops and launched an all-round attack on railways, bridges and tunnels.

Under the command of division commander Liu Bocheng and political commissar Deng Xiaoping, the 1 29th division formed the left-wing crushing team, the right-wing crushing team and the central column with eight regiments (including two regiments of the death squads1column) and eight independent battalions, and launched an attack on the Japanese army in the western section of Zheng Tai Railway on the evening of August 20th. In addition, the two regiments, together with the troops from Pingding, Liaoxi and Yushe, attacked the Liaoping and Liao Yu highways respectively, and contained all the key points of defending the enemy to ensure the safety of the main force. A left-wing group attacked Lujiazhuang, with four bunkers and more than 80 Japanese soldiers; A right-wing team attacked Sangzhang, Tielugou and other strongholds, killing more than 30 Japanese troops/KLOC-0. On February1day, in order to prevent the Japanese army from attacking the road-breaking troops from the rear, the division ordered the reserve team to seize Shishan Highland, 4 kilometers southwest of Yangquan. Since 23rd, the Japanese army in Yangquan, with the support of aircraft, used chemical weapons to attack Shishan continuously. 129 division fought bravely against the troops, persisted for 6 days and nights, annihilated more than 400 Japanese troops, and ensured the safety of the troops' flanks. After several days of fighting, 129 division took control of most of the strongholds and railway stations in the western section of Zheng Tai Railway except Yangquan and Shouyang, which seriously damaged the tracks, bridges and tunnels in this section and paralyzed the western section of Zheng Tai Railway.

At the same time, under the command of division commander He Long and political commissar Guan Xiangying, the120th Division attacked the northern section of Tongpu Railway and some major highways west of the railway with 20 regiments, captured the strongholds of Yangfangkou, Kangjiahui and Fengrun Village, killed more than 800 Japanese puppet troops, and cut off the northern section of Tongpu Railway and the highways from Xinxian to Jingle and Fenyang to Lishi.

In order to cooperate with the Zheng Tai Railway and the northern section of Tongpu Railway, the 129 Division and the Jinchaji Military Region also ordered their subordinate troops to dispatch more than 50 regiments. With the cooperation of guerrillas and militia, they fought against railway lines and some major highways such as Pinghan, Pingsui (now Jingbao), Beining, Tongpu (south section), Baijin (Bai Gui-Jincheng), Jinpu and Deshi.

After August 25th, the Japanese army dispatched one of the 36th, 37th and 4th1divisions from the southern section of Baijin Railway and Tongpu Railway to cooperate with the 4th and 9th brigades to counterattack the129th division. About 5,000 people were transferred from central and southern Hebei to cooperate with the Eighth Brigade to fight back against the troops of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. On September 2nd, Japanese troops attacked129th Division in Anfeng and Mafang areas on the south side of Zheng Tai Railway. The division fought bravely with four regiments, killing more than 200 Japanese soldiers. On September 6th, the 386th Brigade of 1 29th Division and the 1 column of the death squads surrounded the1Japanese military camp in Shuangfeng area in the northwest of Yushe, killing more than 400 Japanese soldiers and breaking the converging attack of the Japanese army. In order to cooperate with the129th Division, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region launched an attack on the Japanese army in Yuxian area on the north side of Zheng Tai Railway with four regiments, forcing the Japanese army on the south side of Zheng Tai Railway to aid the North. At the same time, the attack of 120 Division on Xintai Section of Tongpu Railway effectively contained the Japanese reinforcements to Zheng Tai Railway.

On September 10, the Eighth Route Army headquarters ordered all ministries to end the first phase of the operation, so that the troops could rest and prepare for another battle. In the first stage of the battle, the Japanese army was interrupted by the sudden attack of the Eighth Route Army on the traffic lifeline occupied by the Japanese army, and was passively beaten everywhere and fell into a panic. Traitors and puppet troops are even more afraid. The people in the occupied areas were extremely excited and spontaneously supported the Eighth Route Army.

Continue to attack the Japanese traffic line, focusing on capturing the Japanese strongholds and deep base areas on both sides of the traffic line. In order to expand the results, on September 16, the Eighth Route Army headquarters issued the second-stage operational order, demanding that all troops continue to destroy the Japanese traffic lines and destroy the Japanese puppet troops' strongholds that went deep into the anti-Japanese base areas. The deployment is: 120 division's main force completely destroys the section from Ningwu to Xuangang in the northern section of Tongpu Railway, and cuts off the traffic in the northern section of Tongpu Railway again; The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region mainly attacked Laiyuan-Lingqiu Highway and captured Laiyuan and Lingqiu counties. 129 Division focused on breaking Yushu (She) Liao (County) Highway and recovering Yushe and Liao (now Zuo Quan) counties.

On September 22nd, the Jinchaji Military Region, consisting of eight regiments, three guerrilla detachments and two independent battalions, launched the battle of Lai Ling (Yuanling), which dealt a blow to the Japanese army in this area. The Japanese army was independently mixed into the 2nd Brigade, 26th Division and the Puppet Army. The right-wing team focused on attacking Laiyuan County. Due to the lack of key equipment, the Japanese army resisted tenaciously and fought fiercely all night without success. On the 23rd, he turned to attack the Japanese stronghold outside Laiyuan. By the 26th, three village, Dongtuanbao and other 10 strongholds were captured successively. On the 28th, more than 3,000 Japanese troops reinforced by Zhangjiakou arrived in Laiyuan City, and the right-wing team then transferred troops to Lingqiu and Hunyuan. Together with the left-wing team, they successively captured Japanese strongholds such as Nanpotou, Qiangfengling and Qingciyao. 10 year10.9, more than 0,000 Japanese troops from Datong/kloc-0 came to help. The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region decided to end the battle of Lai Ling. This campaign wiped out more than 654.38 million Japanese puppet troops.

129 division and the 386th brigade and the death squads 1 column form the left-wing team, and the 385th brigade (attached to the 32nd regiment) forms the right-wing team. On September 23rd, the campaign of Henan (She) and Liaoning (County) was launched, and the 4th Brigade of the Japanese Army guarding the Henan-Liaoning Highway was attacked. By the 30th, the left-wing troops had fought hard and captured Yushe County, killing more than 400 Japanese troops. After the right-wing troops captured the Japanese strongholds such as Xiaolingdi and Shi Xia on the Yulin-Liaoning Highway, and prepared to attack Liao County in collaboration with the newly compiled 10 brigade, the Japanese troops in Heshun and Wuxiang also gave assistance, so 129 Division decided to stop the siege and transfer troops to ambush the Japanese troops in Wuxiang in Hongyatou and Guandilong areas. On the way to the ambush area, the 385th Brigade met with more than 600 Japanese reinforcements. After 15 hours of fierce fighting, although the Japanese army was destroyed by half, the rest relied on favorable terrain to resist, and the two sides formed a confrontation. At the same time, the Japanese army assisted by Heshun broke through the Langya Mountain of the new 10 brigade to block the positions of the troops. In this case, 129 division withdrew from the battle, and Yushe was reoccupied by Japan. The battle of Liao Yu wiped out nearly 65,438+10,000 Japanese troops. 65438+1October 65438+April, 129 Division I ambushed Gongjiagou on the He (Shun) Liao (County) highway, annihilated a Japanese transport team and destroyed more than 40 cars.

120 Division attacked the northern section of Tongpu Railway again to cooperate with the operations in Lai Ling and Liao Yu, and cut off the traffic on this line. 129 Division's jinan military area command, with the strength of 12 Regiment, destroyed the German-Shijiazhuang Railway, the Han (Dan)-Ji (South) Railway and some important highway lines being built by the Japanese army, killing and injuring more than 700 Japanese puppet troops 1700. The troops of Jizhong Military Region, which belongs to Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, carried out the Battle of Ren (Qiu) Jiang (Jian) Su (Ning) from June to October in 65438, captured more than 20 strongholds, wiped out more than 500 Japanese puppet troops 150, and damaged more than 50 highways150. In the second stage of the operation, the Eighth Route Army captured many strongholds of the Japanese puppet troops, leveled some blocked ditches and city walls, attacked the puppet regime organizations and further expanded the anti-Japanese base areas.

After the Japanese army was attacked by the Eighth Route Army in two successive stages of large-scale offensive operations, it deeply felt the serious threat from the Eighth Route Army. In order to stabilize the situation and consolidate the occupied areas, heavy troops were mobilized to carry out large-scale cruel revenge "mopping up" against the anti-Japanese base areas in North China. 10 10 19, the Eighth Route Army Headquarters issued an order against "mopping up", requiring all units to cooperate closely with local party and government organs and the masses to carry out guerrilla warfare extensively, resolutely wipe out the invading enemy and smash the Japanese "mopping up".

10 On June 6th, the Japanese forces in Qinxian and xiang yuan, with the cooperation of the Japanese forces in Yushe and Liaoxian, with nearly 10,000 troops, carried out a continuous "mopping-up" of the area between Yushe, Liaoxian, Wuxiang and Licheng, the Taihang anti-Japanese base where leading organs such as the Central North Bureau and the Eighth Route Army headquarters were located. 1 October 29th to1October 4th, the 385th Brigade and 386th Brigade of129th Division, the main force of newly-compiled 10 Brigade and1Column, which were directly commanded by Peng, moved the 36th Division of the Japanese Army to Guanjia 'nao area in Wuxiang County. The Japanese army was repeatedly hit, and the rest of the troops retreated on 14. From165438+1October 17, about 7000 Japanese troops "swept" Taiyue District. Taiyue Military Region is subordinate to 129 Division, and the main force is organized into two detachments, namely, Qin (source) East and Qin (source) West. With the cooperation of guerrillas and militia, they are active on both sides of the Qinhe River, looking for opportunities to attack the Japanese army. By the 27th, nearly 300 Japanese troops had been wiped out, forcing them to retreat on February 5th.

From 10 to 13, the Japanese puppet troops "swept" the anti-Japanese base area in Pingxi (now west of Beijing) with more than 10,000 people. On 1 19, the Japanese army "swept" the anti-Japanese base area in Beiyue with more than 10,000 people and occupied Fuping, where the leading organ of the Jinchaji Military Region is located. In Pingxi and Beiyue areas, the military and civilians cooperated with each other inside and outside, extensively carried out guerrilla warfare, and continuously ambushed and attacked the traffic lines behind the Japanese army, forcing most of the Japanese army to retreat. The Japanese army built castles and roads in Fuping and Wangkuai in an attempt to occupy them for a long time. 65438+From February 3 to 27, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region launched an attack on the Japanese army in Fuping and Wangkuai with four regiments, killing more than 500 Japanese soldiers and forcing them to withdraw from the Beiyue anti-Japanese base area.

12 In mid-February, the Japanese army "swept" the anti-Japanese base areas in northwest Shanxi with 20,000 troops, and by 23rd, it occupied all the county towns and most market towns except Baode and Hequ. 120 division troops and the people in northwest Shanxi carried out clearing of open spaces, and adhered to the guerrilla warfare of "the area does not leave the area, and the county does not leave the county". At the same time, concentrate some main forces, destroy the traffic lines behind the Japanese army, and attack the Japanese road-building troops and transport teams. * * * annihilated more than 2,500 Japanese puppet troops, forcing the Japanese army to withdraw from the anti-Japanese base area in northwest Shanxi in late June 194 1.

The Hundred Regiments War lasted for three and a half months. With the close cooperation of local armed forces and the broad masses of the people, the Eighth Route Army fought 1.824 times, killing more than 20,000 Japanese troops and 5,000 puppet troops, capturing more than 280 Japanese troops and 0,800 puppet troops, eradicating more than 2,900 strongholds and damaging more than 470 kilometers of railways and highways. The Eighth Route Army also paid the price of 65,438 people+7,000 casualties. After being hit, the Japanese army exclaimed: "We should have a better understanding of North China", and transferred two divisions from the frontal battlefield in Central China to strengthen the North China army and carry out larger-scale retaliation against the anti-Japanese base areas in North China.

Hundred Regiments War is the largest and longest-lasting strategic offensive campaign launched by the Eighth Route Army in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in North China. In this battle, the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians behind the enemy lines in North China led by China's * * * production party fought bloody battles with the Japanese aggressors together with Qi Xin, fully demonstrating the indomitable fighting spirit of the Chinese nation. The Hundred Regiments War seriously damaged the main traffic lines of the Japanese army in North China, recovered some areas occupied by the Japanese army, and effectively dealt a blow to the Japanese aggressors. The Hundred Regiments War played a positive role in persisting in the war of resistance, curbing the undercurrent of the Kuomintang's compromise and surrender at that time, and striving for a better situation, further inspiring the confidence of the people throughout the country in winning the war of resistance, and enhancing the prestige of the China * * * production party and the Eighth Route Army. It has written a glorious page in the history of China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

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