Zhang Xueliang contributed 654.38 million yuan to send Mao to the Soviet Union. After kishida fumio's sacrifice, Mao Zedong buried Korea.

At 200114, at 20: 50, the young marshal Zhang Xueliang died in Hawaii, USA, at the age of1kloc-0/. The news came that our government immediately sent a telegram of condolences to Zhang Xueliang's relatives:

For a long time, people have different opinions about Zhang Xueliang. However, Zhang Xueliang is very grateful to Mao Zedong. Ceng Hao donated 65438+ ten thousand francs to send Mao and his two brothers to the Soviet Union. 1994, a historian from the northeast visited Zhang Xueliang, during which he talked about subsidizing the Mao brothers to go to the Soviet Union.

Zhang Xueliang said, "I never thought that I would do a good deed for Mao Zedong in those days. At that time, I only listened to Pastor Dong. He said that three orphans wanted to study in the Soviet Union and lacked funds. I didn't know that the orphans whose parents had died long ago were Mao Zedong's sons! "

Zhang Xueliang's words revealed his gratification at doing good deeds that year. Little is known about it, but it did happen. So, what's the unknown story? It all started with the martyrs in Yang Kaihui.

1930101Yang Kaihui was captured at his home in Bancang, Changsha, late at night on October 24th. Eight-year-old Mao and his nanny were also arrested. 165438+1October 14, Yang Kaihui was killed at the age of 29 in the literacy ridge outside Liuyang, Changsha. After Yang Kaihui's death, Mao and He were rescued from prison.

After Mao was released from prison, he was quickly sent to his uncle's house to live with his grandmother, his 7-year-old brother Mao Anqing and his third brother Mao Anlong who was dissatisfied with 1 year-old. Since I came to my uncle's house, some uninvited guests have been poking around in front of Yang Kaizhi's house. Yang Kaizhi knew that the enemy was carrying out the deadly trap of "letting small fish catch big fish", and hoped that Mao Zedong and others would come to visit, and then the gang would be caught in the net.

193 1 year 65438+1early October, which coincided with the Spring Festival, obviously fewer people followed. One evening, a stranger suddenly came to the Yang family. As soon as the man got home, he took out a wrapped paper bag from his pocket, handed it to Yang Kaizhi and his wife, Li Chongde, and left. Yang Kaizhi nervously went into the back room and opened the paper bag under the oil lamp. It turns out that Mao Zedong's second brother Mao Zemin wrote a letter.

Mao Zemin was working in the Shanghai Party Central Committee. After learning that his sister-in-law, Yang Kaihui, had passed away, he knew that the lives of his three nephews in rural Changsha were very dangerous, and they might be in danger at any time. With the consent of the Party organization, Mao Zemin personally wrote a letter, asking Yang Kaizhi and others to send the three brothers Mao to Shanghai as soon as possible according to the time, place and joint method indicated in the letter, and the party organization should protect their safety.

Yang Kaizhi and his mother decided to let Li Chongde take charge of sending the three Mao brothers to Shanghai. Li Chongde joined the * * * production party in his early years. After the failure of the Great Revolution, she continued to engage in revolutionary activities in secret. For security reasons, they renamed Mao as Yang Yongfu, Mao as Yongshou and Mao Anlong as Yang Yongtai, and asked them to be Li Chongde's mother.

On the day of departure, Yang Kaizhi took his three nephews to Yang Kaihui's grave and asked them to say goodbye to their mother. Until 19, 9-year-old Mao never expected to come back here again.

Because Li Chongde made full preparations, the trip to Shanghai went smoothly, and they met Mao Zemin in Shanghai at the end of February. Under the arrangement, we are going to send the three brothers Mao to live in Datong kindergarten founded by our party.

Datong Kindergarten was founded by Zhou Enlai. 1in the autumn of 929, Zhou Enlai decided to let the party's peripheral organization, the Masonic Society, open a children's welfare home in view of the fact that many martyrs and orphans of our party were left unattended. 1930 In March, Datong Kindergarten was established, located on Jiangning Road (formerly Gordon Road), and moved to No.48 Nanchang Road (No.34 Taoerfei Road, formerly French Concession1) in the following spring.

At that time, the director of Datong Kindergarten was Dong Jianwu, an underground party member. His external identity is a pastor of St. Peter's Church in Shanghai, and Wang Bi, the head of Freemasonry, serves as a consultant. Li's wife and others participated in the daily management.

Datong kindergarten had a good environment at that time. This is a two-story building with three bays. Zhou Enlai asked Soong Ching Ling and Kuomintang veteran Yu Youren to write an inscription for the kindergarten, so that ordinary detectives, spies and others would not come to harass at will. According to the data, when Mao San entered Datong Kindergarten, many children had been adopted here, such as Peng Asen, the son of Peng Pai, Yun Yun, the daughter of Cai Hesen, Cai Zhuan, and Li Li, the daughter of Li.

193 1 April, Gu defected, Dong Jianwu's identity was exposed, and he had to hide in Tibet. Soon, Mao Anlong was seriously ill and died (called missing). It never rains but it pours, and then the staff of Datong kindergarten were either arrested or hidden, and the children were left unattended on the streets.

Mao later recalled the experience of wandering in the streets of Shanghai and said, "At that time, I didn't steal anything, nor was I the adopted son of a rich man. Everything else is the same as San Mao in San Mao Wandering. Sleeping on the road, mopping the floor and looking for garbage from the trash can are all dry. There is a Waibaidu Bridge in Shanghai, and it is difficult to pull up the rickshaw. My brother Anqing and I helped push behind, and people gave us a few pennies ... "

After hiding for a while, Dong Jianwu heard that Mao Anying and Mao Anqing were living on the streets. After some efforts, they finally found a home to adopt them. Seeing that Shanghai was in chaos at that time and could not go to school, the two settled down at Dong Jianwu's house. In "Brother Mao and Mao Anqing and Me" written by Dong Qishou, the son of Dong Jianwu, the living conditions of two people in his family are described:

1935 65438+ 10, Dong Jianwu accepted the entrustment of Soong Ching Ling and sent it to northern Shaanxi with a secret letter seeking peace talks. But it happened that the snow closed the mountain and the road was blocked. Dong Jianwu asked Zhang Xueliang for help. Zhang Xueliang personally drove him to the airport, and then asked his pilot to take him to Yan 'an. From then on, Dong Jianwu and Zhang Xueliang forged a profound friendship, paving the way for Zhang Xueliang to help Mao and others go to the Soviet Union.

One day, Zhang Xueliang invited Dong Jianwu to dinner. That day, Zhang Xueliang ate very little. Dong Jianwu asked why. It turned out that Zhao Yidi accidentally broke one of a pair of Ming Dynasty vases, and Zhang Xueliang liked porcelain very much. The speaker has no intention, but the listener has a heart. Dong Jianwu reported to the organization and suggested that in order to contact feelings, Zhang Xueliang could buy some porcelain, which was approved by the organization.

When Dong Jianwu brought several pieces of porcelain to Zhang Xueliang, Zhang Xueliang couldn't put it down and said that he would buy it with a large sum of money, but Dong Jianwu insisted. When Dong Jianwu left Yan 'an, Zhang Xueliang gave a farewell dinner. When asked what he wanted, Dong Jianwu expressed the idea of stopping the civil war and resisting Japan with one voice, and Zhang Xueliang agreed.

When Zhang Xueliang asked about his personal requirements, Dong Jianwu saw that he was so sincere and said, "There are three primary school students in my family, two are revolutionary children I raised and one is my son. If you take care of them, I hope you can send them to study in the Soviet Union and wait for them to return to work. "

Zhang Xueliang said with a smile that it will be done. Shortly after Dong Jianwu returned to Shanghai, he suddenly received a phone call from Du Li, an old subordinate of Zhang Xueliang, saying that Zhang Xueliang had come to Shanghai to fulfill his promise in Xi 'an. Mao and Mao Anqing are sons, and their mother is a martyr in Yang Kaihui. Dong Jianwu believes that this matter must be reported to the party organization immediately and asked how to deal with it.

Soon, the organization agreed that Dong Jianwu would go to see Zhang Xueliang. Early the next morning, Dong Jianwu came to a French cafe on Columbia Road in the western suburbs of Shanghai. As soon as he entered the box, Zhang Xueliang came in with Du Li.

Zhang Xueliang said, "I'm sorry, Mr. Dong, I came to Shanghai secretly this time, so it's not convenient to invite you to dinner. Du Li is going to visit the Soviet Union recently. In fact, he reorganized the volunteers who retired to the Soviet Union and brought them back to China. I think this is Du Li's chance to take your three children to the Soviet Union. What do you think? "

Dong Jianwu was very moved by Zhang Xueliang's arrangement and thanked him again and again. Zhang Xueliang went on to say, "I am responsible for the expenses of your three children going abroad." Immediately, Zhang Xueliang handed Dong Jianwu a check for 65438+ million francs. It should be pointed out that Zhang Xueliang didn't know that two of the three children were Mao Zedong's sons.

Dong Jianwu will prepare immediately after he returns. Soon, he sent Mao, aged 65,438+04, Mao Anqing, aged 65,438+03, and his son Dong Shouqi home. After receiving the order, Du Li was very concerned about the lives of the three children and asked the adjutant to teach them how to adapt to life abroad, such as eating western food. The day of departure is coming. The Shanghai underground party organization decided to send Yang, who works in the Shanghai Red Trade Union, to escort Mao and Mao Anqing to the Soviet Union in the name of studying in the Soviet Union.

1July, 936, Du Li completed the formalities of going abroad through various relationships. A group of nine people set off from Shanghai by boat, passing through Hong Kong and Mumbai, and arrived in Marseille, France in early August. As soon as Du Li and her party arrived in Marseille, they went to the Soviet Consulate in France to apply for a visa, but they were rejected.

Later, Li Du learned that their actions were detected by Japanese intelligence personnel and protested to the Soviet Union. As a result, the Soviet Union temporarily refused Du Li and her party entry. Du Li and others stayed in France for several months. Finally, with Yang's efforts, they got in touch with the international delegation of China in * * *, but the Soviet Union only allowed Mao and Mao Anqing to enter the country.

At this time, the "Xi incident" broke out, and Du Li and others were very worried about the safety of Zhang Xueliang, so they returned to Shanghai. 1937, Mao and Mao Anqing were taken to Moscow and sent to Monino Second International Children's Home in the western suburbs of Moscow. At that time, Mao was older and was the captain of the China Student Team of Children's Hospital.

At that time, all China children who entered Children's Home came in under false names. Every time someone mentions it, Mao is always vigilant and never reveals his true identity easily. The abnormality of the two brothers was discovered by Shi Zhe, vice president of International Children's Hospital. He talked to his two brothers many times, and it was a long time before they revealed their true identity.

Compared with their domestic counterparts, Mao and Mao's life in Moscow is relatively safe, and their brothers have gradually integrated into the normal life of the children's hospital. Two sons were abroad, and Mao Zedong was very concerned, but the communication was not resumed until 1937+ 1 1.

After busy work, Mao Zedong received a letter from his son, which made him feel deeply comforted. 1March, 938, Mao sent his letter and photos to Yan 'an. When Mao Zedong saw them, the excited people burst into tears, and he immediately wrote a reply:

This letter can be found at present. This is Mao Zedong's earliest letter to his two sons. In the letter, Mao Zedong's deep affection for the calf is vividly on the paper, which makes people cry after reading it. Knowing that Mao made rapid progress, he learned Russian, English and French successively, and in his spare time, he served as the captain of the Young Pioneers, the secretary of the Youth League Branch of the Children's Institute and the member of the Youth League Committee of Lenin District of the Children's Institute, and Mao Zedong became more and more proud.

Self-esteem aside, Mao Zedong is becoming more and more strict with his sons. 194 1 year 1 month 3 1 day, Mao Zedong first praised his son's achievements in his letter to his son. "You have made progress and are very happy. Fluent in English, good at handwriting, and enterprising. "

Then (turn, "only a little advice, while still young, learn more about natural science, less about politics. Politics should be discussed, but at present, we should concentrate on learning more natural sciences, supplemented by social sciences. In the future, it can be reversed, with social science as the mainstay and natural science as the supplement. In short, pay attention to science. Only science is real knowledge, which will be of infinite use in the future. People compliment you and flatter you, which has the advantage of encouraging you to make progress; But there is a disadvantage, that is, it is easy to be complacent and get carried away, and there is a danger of not knowing how to be down-to-earth and seek truth from facts. "

Mao studied and lived in the Soviet Union for nearly 10 years, and he was eager to return to his father as soon as possible. At the end of February, Mao finally returned to Yan 'an. On the day he returned to Yan 'an, Mao Zedong came to the airport to meet him. Mao Zedong was very happy to see that those 8-year-old children were now 23 years old.

Until the Korean War broke out, Mao lived around. After the founding of New China, Mao served as Deputy Secretary of the General Party Branch in Beijing Machinery General Factory, and supported his son to work at the grassroots level. Although Mao's title is deputy secretary, he is actually similar to ordinary employees. While studying factory management, he walked among the workers and worked with everyone.

According to the workers' memories, "he didn't have any airs (in fact, few people knew Mao's true identity at that time). When working with the workers, he talked about some revolutionary truths. Workers and masters all like him very much, but everyone only knows his surname is Mao, a native of northern Shaanxi. He doesn't know that he is the son of Chairman Mao. "

1On June 25th, 950, the Korean War broke out, and the war soon reached the Yalu River, which seriously threatened China's territorial sovereignty. Soon, our government made a decision to resist US aggression and aid Korea. Mao doesn't want to continue working in the factory. He immediately submitted applications to Mao Zedong and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to join the Volunteers.

As the eldest son, Mao Zedong was somewhat ambivalent about this request, but his son made up his mind. On October 7th, 65438, 10 saw Peng off at Juxiang Bookstore in Zhongnanhai. At Mao's constant request, he and Peng agreed to his request. After Mao entered the DPRK, he worked as a confidential secretary and Russian translator at the headquarters of the Volunteers.

However, after only one month, he died. 1950165438+1On October 25th, Mao died in Daewoo-dong, North Korea at the age of 28. Before Mao's death, he learned that American warplanes had visited Dayu Cave for reconnaissance. He immediately called the Volunteer Command to pay attention to safety. Unfortunately, the tragedy still happened.

On the day when Mao died, Peng didn't eat for a day. In the evening, he decided to report the matter to the Central Military Commission. Peng's short message, written for more than an hour:

When Mao Zedong saw the telegram, time seemed to stop at that moment. It is a great sorrow to lose a child in old age and send a white-haired man to a black-haired man. Ye Zilong described the scene in his memoirs:

Zhou Enlai gave instructions that the news of Mao's sacrifice should not be widely spread, but obeyed the request of the Prime Minister. There is a problem. At that time, many volunteers generals and war heroes were transported back to China for burial. Mao is fully qualified to be buried in China Volunteers Martyrs Cemetery. So, why was Mao Anying finally buried in North Korea?

This is the result of Mao Zedong's careful consideration. After Mao's sacrifice, the Volunteer Command first buried him on a hillside near Dayu Cave. 1954 65438+On February 24th, Peng was in his office reviewing all kinds of telegrams sent by the headquarters of the Volunteers, one of which was a telegram from the headquarters of the Volunteers requesting Mao to be reburied.

At this point, the bodies of Huang Jiguang, Yang Gensi, Qiu and other heroes of the Anti-Japanese War have been transported back to China for burial, and Mao should also return to China for burial. In fact, Mao's wife repeatedly asked for "welcome Ying home", but refused. Mao Zedong said to Liu Siqi, "Castle Peak is full of loyal bones, so why wear boots when you die! Isn't there a martyr of Qian Qian's ten thousand volunteers buried in North Korea? Kishida fumio should also be buried in North Korea. Do you know Siqi? "

Later, Mao Zedong said to Yevgeny, the Soviet ambassador to China and Mao's old friend, "Where the producers died, they were buried ... My son Mao died in North Korea, and some people said that he would take his body back. I said, no need, where to die! "

Peng naturally knows what he thinks, but the central government has not yet made a final decision on Mao's reburial. When Peng saw the instructions from the headquarters of the Volunteers, he wrote a letter:

I think what Peng said is reasonable. At that time, Kim Il Sung also sent a telegram expressing condolences to Mao Zedong, saying that Mao also died for the liberation of the Korean people and hoped that Mao could be buried in North Korea. After reading Peng's letter, he immediately gave instructions: "Agree with Comrade Dwight's opinion and bury kishida fumio's body on the land of North Korea like Qian Qian's 100 thousand volunteers."

1in the autumn of 958, the last batch of volunteers returned to China. These brave soldiers successfully completed the mission of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea and defending the country. This article commemorates the 70th anniversary of Chinese people's Volunteer Army's War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In fact, there are no peaceful years at all, only others carry the burden for you. Since we live in peacetime, we should remember history and cherish the memory of martyrs!