Mountain torrent prevention and control

To do a good job in the prevention and control of mountain torrents and achieve the work objectives, we must do two basic tasks in a down-to-earth manner.

The first is to rationally divide the areas affected by mountain torrents. According to the climatic, geological and geomorphological conditions in various places, on the basis of careful analysis of historical mountain torrents' hazards, it is the primary work of mountain torrents prevention and control to determine the areas prone to mountain torrents and be aware of them. On this basis, according to the possibility and harmfulness of mountain torrents, mountain torrents are generally divided into dangerous areas and warning areas.

Dangerous areas refer to areas where landslides, collapses and mudslides have occurred, and low-lying areas or beaches below the 20-year flood level on both sides of rivers; Warning area refers to the area where landslides, collapses and mudslides are very likely to occur under heavy rainfall, and the area between the 20-year flood level and the highest flood level on both sides of the river.

The second is to explore the law and scientifically determine the characteristic rainfall of disasters. Because mountain torrents are formed by rainfall, scientifically determining the characteristic rainfall caused by mountain torrents is the key basis for mountain torrents prevention and control, especially for making mountain torrents prevention and control plans. Generally, the early warning rainfall and dangerous rainfall can be determined according to the local underlying surface conditions and the formation and evolution process of historical mountain torrents.

Early warning rainfall refers to the rainfall when the rainfall reaches a certain characteristic value in a certain period of time. If the rainfall continues, mountain torrents may occur. Dangerous rainfall refers to the rainfall when the rainfall reaches a certain characteristic value in a certain period of time, that is, the rainfall when flash floods may occur. The characteristic rainfall is generally divided into rainfall periods according to 1 hour and 2 hours ... The corresponding characteristic rainfall is determined by analysis. The specific division and determination should be selected according to the local actual situation. First, correctly handle the relationship between disaster avoidance and governance. The suddenness and destructiveness of mountain torrents and their disasters often make people unprepared, which greatly increases the difficulty of governance. Therefore, we must adhere to the principle of combining avoidance with treatment, and avoidance is more important than treatment; We must adhere to the guiding ideology of staying away from mountain torrents and actively avoiding disasters. In terms of ideological understanding, it is necessary to change from simply rejecting mountain torrents to keeping people away from mountain torrents, truly avoiding disasters and fundamentally reducing disaster losses. At the same time, for areas with relatively light governance tasks, it is necessary to increase governance.

The second is to correctly handle the current and long-term relationship. The prevention and control of mountain torrents involves a wide range and the work is difficult, especially in the areas affected by mountain torrents with a large population. In order to implement disaster avoidance measures in a short time, the workload of moving out to a safe area is huge and unrealistic. At the same time, the prevention and control of mountain torrents is a heavy and long-term task, which must be implemented step by step. Therefore, it is necessary to take the policy of prevention first, supplemented by corresponding control measures. The urgent task is to implement the prevention and control plan of mountain torrents and gradually implement the prevention and control measures to avoid disasters according to the prevention and control plan.

Third, correctly handle the relationship between development and protection. To build a well-off society in an all-round way, development is the top priority in governing and rejuvenating the country, and the process of industrialization and urbanization will be accelerated day by day, which is an irresistible historical trend. In this process, especially in the process of infrastructure construction, it is very necessary to take corresponding protective measures for the areas affected by mountain torrents. First of all, residential areas cannot be planned in dangerous areas and warning areas; Secondly, enterprises and infrastructure cannot be planned and built in dangerous areas; Third, enterprises and infrastructure construction should try to avoid warning zones. If it is necessary to cross the warning zone or build in the warning zone, reliable control measures must be taken for the flash flood disasters that may be induced by the construction of enterprises or infrastructure, in addition to the flash flood protection measures for enterprises and infrastructure itself.