What are the methods of raising crocodiles?

Modern scientific research shows that the meat, bones and viscera of crocodiles are rich in amino acids, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and various rare biological elements needed by protein and human body, which are nutritious and delicious. The following is the way I carefully arranged for you to raise crocodiles. Let's have a look.

Construction of artificial crocodile farm

Here, I would like to focus on the crocodile lake in Beilan, Thailand. Located 25 kilometers south of Bangkok, it is away from Bangkok Bay 1 km. It used to be a beach swamp, which was founded by Yang Haiquan, a Thai Chinese, in 1950. After more than 50 years of efforts, it has become a large crocodile farm in the world. When the farm was built, there were only 20 crocodiles and 500 dollars. Now it has developed into a comprehensive large-scale enterprise integrating crocodile breeding, sightseeing and product development. There are Thai crocodiles, Gulf crocodiles, fake fish-eating crocodiles, South American crocodiles, New Guinea crocodiles, Kwangton crocodiles, Cuban crocodiles and China crocodiles. It receives more than one million tourists every year, including presidents and kings of many countries. Crocodile Lake in Beilan covers an area of 100 hectares, with a breeding area of more than 20 hectares. Spoons are used for the reproduction of crocodiles and other animals such as birds, beasts and amphibians, as well as for greening, construction, commerce and sanitation. Visitors can see elephant performances, crocodile training programs, crocodile activities, animal specimens, visit zoos and buy various crocodile products. In short, tourists can enjoy themselves. The main purpose of the management of the Crocodile Lake in Beilan is to protect the breeding crocodile species, develop crocodile resources and process and utilize them. It is unique in architecture, and the layout of crocodile pond is reasonable and tidy, which is convenient for tourists to watch. According to the age of crocodiles, they are divided into adults, middle-aged crocodiles and young crocodiles with different specifications.

Design of feeding room for young crocodiles

1 year-old alligator feeding room is divided into two specifications: one is 0.8m? 1.2m？ 0.5 meters; The other is 0.7 meters? 0.6 meters? 0.5 meters. The depth of the swimming pool is 5 cm. There is no platform above the water surface, and the area is about 1/3 pool surface. Each pool has a separate drainage hole, which can drain all the visceral water in the pool. The four walls of the swimming pool are embedded with lattice windows to facilitate ventilation. There are sidewalks with a width of 35 cm on both sides of the aquaculture pond, and there is a drainage ditch with a width of 10 cm between the sidewalk and the aquaculture pond. In order to improve the health level of young crocodiles and reduce diseases, a set of water purification device was installed in the breeding room to provide fresh water for young crocodiles. Water is filtered by ion exchanger and sent to water storage tank. When in use, the water in the water storage tank is disinfected by the disinfection pool and then transported to the crocodile pool by the catheter. Non-breeders are not allowed to enter without special permission to prevent human germs.

Design of middle-aged crocodile breeding room

Most of them are middle-aged crocodiles, all of which are raised in cement ponds for high-density culture. Feeding pond area16m? 5m, the water depth in the pond is 30-50cm, there is a1/3-1/2 cement platform, and the periphery of each pond is separated by a1.5m high cement wall. There are brick windows on the wall for ventilation. Why does the feeding pond have a sidewalk with a width of1.3m? There are 25 cm wide drains on both sides of the sidewalk.

Design of Adult Crocodile Breeding Room

Generally, adult crocodiles are kept in relatively large ponds, the largest of which is about 0.5 hectares. The pool water is deep, generally reaching1~1.5m. Because the pool water is too deep to change water every day, in order to keep the pool water clean and hygienic, an arbitrary pool was built on one side of the pool water as a feeding place to prevent crocodiles from eating the remaining food and polluting the whole pool water. The feeding pond is small and can be drained and cleaned frequently. At the same time, in order to facilitate tourists to watch crocodiles, a winding corridor with a width of 1.5 meters was set above the adult crocodile pool. It is not only convenient for tourists to watch, but also beneficial to the management and protection of crocodiles.

Several problems that must be paid attention to in developing crocodile breeding industry

Crocodiles are full of mystery in some people's minds, and they are even afraid that crocodiles are ferocious and terrible animals, posing a serious threat to mankind. Crocodiles? Color change. In fact, crocodiles are not terrible at all. As long as we understand their biological characteristics and raise them scientifically, their economic value and ornamental interest are endless.

Crocodile is a kind of animal with strong vitality, but it also has its own physiological characteristics and certain requirements for the environment. Different varieties of crocodiles have different ecological requirements. Some decision-makers or breeders often fail to fully understand a crocodile variety, or fail to make a detailed and accurate assessment of the local breeding environment and tourism resources, and blindly introduce breeding, resulting in huge economic losses. Crocodile farming is a long-term investment project, and there must be enough funds. The selection of breeding sites should not only consider the adaptation to the growth and reproduction of crocodiles, but also pay attention to the convenience of transportation. In addition, we should also consider crocodile processing industry, food development, medical care and so on.

Although the research on artificial breeding, domestication and reproduction of crocodiles has a history of nearly 50 years, due to the different climatic and ecological conditions in different countries, the breeding varieties are quite different, and the development of breeding technology is extremely uneven. Generally speaking, the breeding technology of crocodiles is not mature, and the reproductive ability is low, which seriously restricts the breeding scale and output of crocodiles and makes crocodile skin products expensive for a long time.

Reproductive reptiles such as crocodiles can transition from aquatic organisms to terrestrial organisms because of the appearance of chorionic eggs. The male and female identification of crocodiles can be judged by the shape of scales and connectors in cloaca. Generally, male scales are thick and small, while female scales are thin and large; The cloaca is triangular, and the crocodile with a red rod-shaped connector inside is male, while the short and pale crocodile is female. Crocodile sexual maturity is late, generally more than 3 years. Crocodiles are usually separated, mating once a year in the breeding season and mating in water. After mating, female crocodiles use weeds, leaves and so on. To build a nest, climb to the top of the nest when they are in labor, dig a hole in the middle and lay eggs in the hole. 2 ~ 3 days before laying eggs, female crocodiles will have severe fetal pain and tears will flow like a note. The number of eggs laid is generally 20? 30 yuan, or at most 70 yuan. Oval eggs are similar to goose eggs and weigh 50 yuan. 200 grams. The incubation period is 2-3 months. There are two other special differences in the reproductive characteristics of crocodiles. One is the caring behavior of relatives; Secondly, the hatching temperature controls the sex of young crocodiles. According to Niu Cuijuan and others, both females and males of crocodiles have parental care behaviors, which are embodied in protecting eggs, digging nests, carrying and luring young crocodiles into the water, and protecting young crocodiles. The sex of young crocodiles is generally determined by the incubation temperature, and the incubation period is 30 ~ 45 days, which is a heat sensitive period. The larvae hatched at 28℃ ~ 3 1.5℃ were all females, and the male rate of the larvae soared to 66% at 32℃, and all the young crocodiles hatched at 32.5℃ ~ 33℃ were males.

Biological characteristics and morphological structure classification of crocodiles

Crocodiles belong to aquatic reptiles. In addition to the basic characteristics of reptiles, in order to adapt to aquatic life, they have great specialization in appearance, such as large body armor, double temporal fossa in the skull, motionless square bones, molar teeth, strong limbs, webbed toes, pubic degeneration, longitudinal fissure in cloacal foramen, and single copulation in males. Tail-side, stout, long and powerful. The abdomen has soft skin and a white fish belly. Crocodiles' eyes are on their foreheads, and they don't close when diving, so short-distance objects in front can't look straight. Taxonomists in different countries have different opinions on the classification of fresh fish, and there are about three classifications. According to biological classification, it can be divided into three families, namely alligator and alligator, with a total of 30 species; Crocodiles are divided into four categories according to their size:

(1) Giant species

(2) Common species

(3) General species

(4) races; According to the living environment, it can also be divided into saltwater crocodiles, semi-saltwater crocodiles and freshwater crocodiles. 2.2 Ecology requires crocodiles to grow in the fresh water or seawater environment of swamps, lakes and other wetlands in tropical and subtropical regions, and they like to eat small animals. Therefore, the ecological requirements of crocodiles mainly include:

(1) The temperature is high;

(2) both land and water;

(3) Abundant animal feed resources.

Carnivorous crocodiles are carnivorous animals, and the animals they eat are different at different stages of development. Small crocodiles generally feed on small fish and shrimp, trowels, red earthworms and insects, while large crocodiles feed on miscellaneous fish, snails, chickens, ducks, pigs and cattle, and sometimes even attack humans. Artificial feeding can also be fed with compound feed. Crocodiles can live a normal life without eating for a long time when food is scarce.

The growth rate of crocodiles is related to species, food and living environment. Generally speaking, big crocodiles grow faster than small crocodiles, and artificial farming grows faster than wild fresh fish. Take the Chinese alligator as an example, it is 3 weeks old (body length 1.05438+0 m).

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