Twelve Suggestions on People's Commune Canteen

"12" clearly points out that the direction of public canteens is 1959, and the whole country suffers from natural disasters such as large-scale drought. 1960, another 560 million mu of farmland suffered from different degrees of drought, wind and flood disasters. To make matters worse, the national grain output has fallen sharply again. In order to ensure the minimum food supply for urban residents, the state has to buy at high prices in rural areas. In this way, it is difficult for farmers to keep food to ensure their minimum living needs. At this time, the public canteen is also divided and combined. In order to facilitate production and members' convenience, the scale of public canteens has been adjusted, generally established by production teams, and various flexible canteen management methods are allowed. On August 6th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions for the whole party to start large-scale agriculture and grain production". In addition to resolutely squeezing out all possible labor from all sides and enriching the agricultural front, the first is the grain production front, and it is also proposed that "the grain of rural people's communes should be uniformly collected and supported by the basic accounting units and managed." Actively run the canteen, adhere to the plan to use grain, oppose eating more and using more in autumn harvest, and oppose waste; We will continue to implement the ration system, take the family as the goal, send food to the hall, eat by ticket, save ourselves and reward members for saving food. "Obviously, the disadvantages brought by the Great Leap Forward have already appeared, and rural policies must be readjusted. To this end, the Central Committee entrusted Zhou Enlai to preside over the formulation of the "Emergency Instruction Letter of the Central Committee on the Current Policies of Rural People's Communes" (namely "Article 12"), which was immediately issued on June 3 after being reviewed by Mao Zedong. The core of "12" is to try our best to stop the "anti-wind", but for public canteens, it is proposed that "it should be actively operated". According to the declassified public archives, "Article 12" has a special chapter to discuss the issue of "arranging meals and running public canteens well". Article 9, after talking about that although there was a large-scale crop failure in that year, the national procurement task must be completed, seeds must be stored as planned, and the quantity of rations and feed must be implemented according to low standards, a special paragraph is set aside to emphasize that "public canteens must be run well. The key to running a good canteen is' going to the canteen politically and cadres going to the kitchen'. The canteen must be managed democratically by the people who occupy it. Managers and chefs should be people with good quality, good style, good structure and fair handling. They must be democratically elected and always subject to the supervision of the masses. Canteen accounts must be published every month. Resolutely implement the system of quota, door-to-door, attendance, dining by ticket and personal saving. The food saved by individuals is willing to pay for food, willing to pay for money, and resolutely cash it. " "The public canteen system must be adhered to. However, in the north, in cold seasons and places where fuel is scarce, with the approval of the county party Committee, temporary measures such as unified management of canteens and decentralized cooking by families can be taken to meet the heating needs of member families. ""The canteen must grow its own vegetables, raise its own pigs and engage in the production of non-staple food. Gradually, the grain is supplied by the production team, and the oil, salt and firewood are solved from the sideline income of their own production and operation. Canteen must also engage in melons, vegetables and various meal replacement foods, and implement Caicai mixing, which not only saves food, but also ensures satiety. ""the food, pigs and firewood in the canteen can't be allocated between the canteen and the canteen for free. When it is necessary to make adjustments, we must act on the principle of voluntary mutual benefit and equal exchange. Self-sufficient vegetables and firewood in the canteen can be sold in the market. "