What does it mean to get through the "last mile" when the government functions change?

Further straighten out the relationship between the government and the market, the government and society, and the central and local governments, give better play to the role of the market and society, and better mobilize the enthusiasm of the central and local governments.

Zhang Liqun, a researcher at the State Council Development Research Center, said: "The transformation of government functions has entered a critical period of comprehensive deepening." . Previously, the central government has stimulated the vitality of the people by simplifying administration and decentralization and reducing administrative examination and approval, and has achieved initial results.

Since the beginning of this year, the State Council has cancelled and decentralized more than 300 administrative approvals in four batches. At the same time, the number of registered enterprises increased by 25%, of which private and individual enterprises increased by 37%, driving private investment to grow at a rate of about 23%, which greatly exceeded the growth rate of government investment.

Zhang Liqun said that at present, China's economic growth is still highly dependent on fiscal and monetary policies. Deepening the government's own reform from the local government level will effectively solve the "last mile" problem of decentralization and decentralization, and more effectively release the reform dividend.

Li Keqiang emphasized that whether the reform of government institutions can achieve the expected purpose and whether the transformation of functions can be implemented depends largely on local governments. The central government has delegated a lot of power, and the next step is up to local governments. If the local government reform is not followed up in time, the effect of decentralization will be greatly reduced.

Wang Yukai, a professor at the National School of Administration, said that local governments should take responsibility and cooperate with the implementation of central measures. The central and local governments must be consistent from top to bottom to ensure the smooth implementation of government decrees.

Avoid falling into the strange circle of "putting a tube in chaos"

Analysts believe that there are many problems such as administrative examination and approval of local governments, and there are also excessive interventions in the market and society. The task of functional transformation is no less than that of the central government.

Li Keqiang demanded that the transformation of local government functions should focus on "collecting, releasing and managing". Then, it is to transfer and release the power that the central government has handed over to the market and take care of the functions that the central government has delegated to local governments; Release means to put down and put in place the power that should be released at this level; Management is to manage things that should be managed by local governments and put them in place.

Wang Yukai said that local governments must balance "management" and "liberalization", the central government should delegate power to local governments, and local governments should take over, but the government should not "liberalize at once", and those in charge must be managed without vacancy.

Experts pointed out that one of the keys to the transformation of government functions is to solve the problem of "offside" and "absence" of power. Don't be "offside" in what the market and society can do well. There is no "absence" in protecting people's livelihood and other basic public services and regulatory violations.

Li Pumin, secretary-general and spokesperson of the National Development and Reform Commission, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that in the process of canceling and delegating administrative examination and approval, we should adhere to the combination of decentralization and decentralization, and accelerate supporting reforms and the construction of the rule of law, especially the construction of long-term mechanisms. While actively and orderly promoting "liberalization", we should strengthen norms and supervision and effectively combine "liberalization" with "management".

Li Keqiang stressed that this local government reform should shift the focus of market supervision downward, strengthen the market supervision function and intensity of city and county governments, establish a horizontal and vertical supervision network, and gradually avoid leakage and prevent it from entering the strange circle of "chaos once released, and death once managed".

"slimming" and "strengthening" go hand in hand.

This time, the focus of local government institutional reform should be "control, adjustment and reform". Control is to strictly control the total number of institutions; Adjustment is to adjust and optimize the organizational structure; Reform is to promote the release of institutional potential by deepening reform.

In fact, "the number of recipients will only decrease, but not increase" is one of the "three chapters of the Covenant" promised to the society and people at the beginning of this government's appointment. In the whole government system, local governments account for the "big head" More than 90% of China's civil servants and about 85% of its final financial expenditure are in local areas.

"We must change the situation that some localities and departments are overstaffed and overstaffed, otherwise the reform of transforming government functions will not be completed." Wang Yukai said.

People have noticed that the current institutional establishment is not insufficient, but the structure is unreasonable and the allocation of institutional establishment resources is unreasonable. Some key areas and links that need to be strengthened are in short supply and cannot be managed. In other weakened areas, there are too many idle jobs and low efficiency.

In fact, the more people in the grassroots departments, the scarcer they are. Ma Wenda, director of the Health Supervision Institute of Yuanzhou District Health Bureau in Guyuan City, Ningxia, said that all the 48 staff members are located in urban and rural areas, but there are catering enterprises 1264, 560 public places, 9 medical institutions1home and 76 schools1home, which is very difficult to supervise. Li Keqiang said that some institutions have become ostriches. All localities should make up their minds to strengthen and weaken, especially to strengthen the grassroots and strengthen the front line, make overall consideration of "slimming" at the higher level and "strengthening" at the grassroots level, and adjust the establishment structure.