Kindergarten parent training on the prevention of infectious diseases in autumn and winter

1. Common knowledge about the prevention of infectious diseases in kindergartens in autumn and winter

Common knowledge about the prevention of infectious diseases in kindergartens in autumn and winter 1. What are the common infectious diseases among children in autumn

Common infectious diseases in kindergartens Knowledge 1. Mumps 1. Cause: Mumps virus 2. Epidemiology ⑴ Source of infection: patients and latent infections are the main sources of infection.

⑵Transmission route: spread through saliva and droplets; winter and spring are the peak epidemic times. ⑶ Susceptible persons: Preschool children are more susceptible; life-long immunity can be obtained after getting sick.

3. Clinical manifestations ⑴ Parotid gland swelling and pain. It can be swollen on one side or both sides at the same time, with the earlobe as the center, swelling forward, backward, and downward, with unclear edges, mild heat, tenderness, no redness, and no suppuration.

The parotid duct orifice of the buccal mucosa is red and swollen, and the pain worsens when opening the mouth or chewing acidic substances. ⑵ Moderate fever, loss of appetite, and general malaise.

4. Complications: encephalitis, pancreatitis, orchitis, oophoritis, auditory nerve damage, etc. 5. Isolation and prevention ⑴Isolate the child until the swelling of the parotid gland completely disappears, but at least 10 days after the onset of illness.

When returning to the school, you must present a recovery diagnosis certificate issued by the hospital and submit it to the infirmary for approval by the doctor before returning to work. ⑵ Pay attention to indoor ventilation and dry bedding frequently.

⑶ Susceptible people can take Banlangen granules for 3-5 days. ⑷ Get mumps vaccine, etc.

6. Treatment ⑴ General treatment: bed rest, drink plenty of water, eat semi-liquid food, avoid acidic foods, and keep the mouth clean. ⑵Symptomatic treatment: Antipyretics can be used for high fever, and Vinegar Tiaojinhuang Powder can be applied locally to relieve pain.

⑶ Traditional Chinese medicine treatment: clear away heat and detoxify, reduce swelling and blood stasis. ⑷ Actively treat comorbidities.

2. Hand, foot and mouth diseases 1. Cause: viral infection. 2. Epidemiology ⑴ Source of infection: patients and latent infections.

⑵Transmission route: direct contact with the source of infection or spread through nasopharyngeal secretions, feces, and droplets; more common in summer and autumn. ⑶ Susceptible persons: Children under 5 years old are susceptible; they are immune to the same type of virus, but the maintenance time is unclear.

3. Clinical manifestations ⑴ Mouth pain, anorexia, low-grade fever. ⑵ Small herpes or ulcers can be seen on the oral mucosa, mostly on the tongue, buccal mucosa, hard palate, etc., and occasionally affect the gums, soft palate, tonsils and pharynx.

⑶ Maculopapular rashes can be seen on the backs of hands and soles, which later turn into herpes and are absorbed after 2-3 days without leaving scabs. It can also be seen on the arms, legs, and buttocks, but rarely on the trunk.

⑷The course of the disease is short and the symptoms are mild. 4. Isolation and prevention ⑴Isolate the child for two weeks.

⑵ Disinfect the nasopharyngeal secretions, feces and pollutants of children at any time. ⑶ Pay attention to opening windows indoors for ventilation and disinfecting items.

5. Treatment ⑴Symptomatic treatment: Maintain oral hygiene and apply topical medicine to the oral ulcers. ⑵Prevent secondary infection.

⑶ Traditional Chinese medicine treatment: clearing away heat and detoxifying. 3. Chickenpox 1. Cause: Varicella-zoster virus.

2. Epidemiology ⑴ Source of infection: patients in acute phase. ⑵Transmission route: droplets or items contaminated by herpes serous fluid.

Commonly seen in winter and spring. ⑶ Susceptible persons: Infants and preschool children have a high incidence rate; lifelong immunity can be obtained after illness.

Herpes zoster can occur in people as young as 20 years old. 3. Clinical manifestations (1) Fever, cough, runny nose, loss of appetite, etc.

⑵The rash appears 1-2 days after the fever. It is a small red maculopapular rash at first. After a few hours, it turns into a round, "dewdrop"-like herpes surrounded by a thin film, surrounded by redness and itching. , the herpes will dry up and scab after 1-3 days. It is more common on the trunk, waist, and scalp, sparse on the limbs, and is distributed centripetally. It often appears in batches, and maculopapular rashes, herpes, and dry scabs can be seen at the same time.

Rashes can also be seen on the oral mucosa, pharynx, and conjunctiva of the eyes, which can form ulcers after rupture. 4. Complications: Secondary infection can cause sepsis.

Encephalitis, myocarditis, etc. can also be seen. 5. Isolation and prevention ⑴Isolate until the rash is completely dry and scabbed.

But it shall not be less than 2 weeks after the onset of illness. ⑵ Pay attention to indoor ventilation.

⑶Vaccine susceptible persons with chickenpox vaccine. 6. Treatment ⑴ Symptomatic treatment: use antipyretics when fever occurs; keep skin and nails clean and avoid scratching the herpes. If the herpes has broken or has secondary infection, apply gentian violet locally, etc.

⑵ Antibiotics can be used when there is secondary infection. ⑶ Carry out other related treatments as directed by the doctor.

4. Scarlet Fever 1. Cause: Group A hemolytic Streptococcus. 2. Epidemiology ⑴ Source of infection: patients, latent infections and carriers.

⑵ Transmission route: It is transmitted through droplets through the respiratory tract, and can also be transmitted indirectly through toys, towels, books, clothes and quilts. More common in winter and spring.

⑶ Susceptible persons: It is more common in children aged 2-8 years. 3. Clinical manifestations (1) Fever, headache, pharyngeal pain, and anterior cervical lymphadenopathy.

⑵ A rash appears within 24 hours of fever, spreading from the middle ear and neck to the trunk and limbs, and throughout the body within 24 hours. The rash is diffuse scarlet papules the size of pinheads, with no normal skin between the rashes and an itchy feeling.

The face is flushed, and "pale circles around the mouth" and "bayberry tongue" can be seen. 4. Complications ⑴ Purulent complications: otitis media, paranasal sinusitis, pneumonia, mastoiditis.

⑵ Toxic complications: myocarditis, pericarditis, endocarditis. ⑶Allergic complications: rheumatoid arthritis, acute glomerulonephritis.

5. Isolation and prevention ⑴Isolate the children until one week after the symptoms disappear; those with suppurative complications should be isolated until the inflammation is cured, and they can only return to the kindergarten with a recovery certificate issued by the hospital. ⑵ Children should pay attention to frequent urine checks and electrocardiograms within 3 weeks after illness, and early detection and treatment of combined diseases such as nephritis and myocarditis.

⑶ Disinfect the child’s secretions and contaminated items. ⑷ Susceptible children can take isatis root, cotrimoxazole, etc. orally.

6. Treatment ⑴Symptomatic treatment: rinse your mouth with light salt water, and use antipyretics when you have high fever. ⑵ Antibiotic treatment.

5. Influenza 1. Cause: Influenza virus. 2. Epidemiology ⑴ Source of infection: patients and latent infections.

⑵Method of transmission: Mainly through respiratory droplets through air. It mostly occurs in winter and late winter and early spring.

⑶ Susceptible persons: children and other susceptible groups. 3. Clinical manifestations (1) Sudden onset, systemic poisoning symptoms such as chills, high fever, headache, body aches, fatigue, etc.

⑵ accompanied by symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection such as mild nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, cough, sore throat and other symptoms. ⑶The course of the disease lasts about one week.

4. Complications: pneumonia, encephalitis, meningitis, circulatory dysfunction, etc. 5. Isolation and prevention ⑴Isolate until 2 days after the fever subsides or until the symptoms disappear.

⑵ Pay attention to opening windows indoors for ventilation. ⑶ Susceptible people can take isatis root for 3-5 days.

⑷Enhance physical fitness, provide reasonable nutrition, and ensure adequate sleep. ⑸Develop good hygiene habits.

⑹ Go to public places less frequently and do not visit patients’ homes. ⑺Those who are qualified should receive influenza vaccine.

6. Treatment ⑴ Symptomatic treatment. ⑵ For those with comorbidities or secondary infections, appropriate treatment measures should be taken (omitted).

6. Bacillary dysentery 1. Cause: Shigella dysenteriae. 2. Epidemiology ⑴ Source of infection: acute and chronic patients and carriers.

⑵Transmission route: The feces discharged by the infectious source contaminates hands, food, water sources, toys, etc., or food is contaminated by flies.

2. How to prevent winter infectious diseases

1. Actively learn and understand the basic knowledge of common infectious diseases in winter, master disease prevention knowledge, and establish disease prevention awareness.

2. Pay attention to climate changes, add or remove clothes at any time to avoid catching cold. When the human body catches cold, the blood vessels in the respiratory tract constrict, blood circulation decreases, local resistance decreases, and viruses can easily invade.

3. Purify the environment and keep the indoor air fresh. Ventilate working, studying, and living environments. Open windows for ventilation in offices, classrooms, and dormitories at least 2-3 times a day, for more than 30 minutes each time. Especially in the dormitory, be sure to open the doors and windows when leaving to allow full sunlight.

4. Develop a good lifestyle and maintain adequate sleep. Adequate sleep can eliminate fatigue, regulate various functions of the human body, and enhance resistance. Pay attention to a balanced diet and nutritional mix to ensure an appropriate daily intake of protein, starch, fat and vitamins. Pay attention to drinking more water, eating more fresh fruits and vegetables, and avoiding tobacco and alcohol.

5. Carry out reasonable physical exercise, such as: morning exercises, morning jogging, walking, Tai Chi, etc., and increase outdoor activities in daily life, which can enhance blood circulation and improve human immunity, thereby strengthening physical fitness and improving body resistance. disease ability.

6. Strengthen personal hygiene and personal protection. Wash your hands frequently, using soap or hand sanitizer and running water. Do not wipe your hands with a dirty towel. Wash your hands immediately after coming into contact with respiratory secretions (such as after sneezing). Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or tissue when sneezing or coughing to prevent droplets from contaminating others. Patients with respiratory infectious diseases should wear masks at home or when going out to avoid infecting others.

3. Knowledge on the prevention of infectious diseases in autumn

The temperature changes greatly in autumn. In early autumn, the temperature is higher, which is the "autumn tiger" day. At the same time, there is more rain, and some intestinal infectious diseases and The incidence of insect-borne infectious diseases is high and may even break out. In late autumn, when the temperature gradually drops and the wind is strong and dry, this is the time when some respiratory infectious diseases are most likely to occur.

Therefore, strengthening the prevention and control of infectious diseases in autumn is of great significance to maintaining health. Generally, common infectious diseases in autumn can be divided into three categories: intestinal infectious diseases, respiratory infectious diseases and insect-borne infectious diseases.

Common intestinal infectious diseases include cholera, typhoid, dysentery, etc. This type of infectious disease is spread through the "fecal-oral" route and is an "eaten" infectious disease. It is usually caused by bacteria or viruses contaminating hands, drinking water, tableware or food, etc. without proper treatment, and the disease develops after ingestion. .

Common respiratory infectious diseases include influenza, Legionnaires’ disease, tuberculosis, etc. This type of infectious disease is spread through the respiratory tract and is an "inhaled infectious disease."

Bacteria and viruses are spread through the air or enter the human body through the respiratory tract through droplets of bacteria or viruses in dust. Common insect-borne infections Diseases include Japanese encephalitis, malaria, dengue fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, etc.

This type of infectious disease is transmitted through the bite of some insect vectors, such as mosquitoes, mites, lice, fleas, etc., which is "bite transmission". "Infectious diseases, insects bite the patient first, and then bite the healthy person, and at the same time introduce bacteria or viruses into the body of the healthy person, causing the disease. Because autumn is between summer and winter, infectious diseases in summer and winter are likely to occur. It happens in autumn, so please don’t be careless.

Especially intestinal infectious diseases, such as cholera, typhoid, bacterial dysentery, viral hepatitis and other diseases, because the weather in autumn is still hot. Various bacteria and viruses are still in the vigorous growth and reproduction period, and food, water sources, and the environment are still susceptible to infection, so diseases are still prone to occur and spread.

Vector organisms such as flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, etc. are still prone to infection in autumn. They reproduce frequently, and they carry various pathogens that infect food, water, and the environment. 1. Improve indoor hygiene, manage feces, clear garbage, clear sewage ditches, and eliminate mosquitoes, flies, mice, cockroaches and other four pests; 2 . Improve food hygiene: do not eat spoiled food, drink raw water, do not eat raw or cold unclean food, do not eat food that has been crawled by flies, cockroaches, etc. Bowls, chopsticks and other tableware must be strictly disinfected, and infectious diseases and carriers It is necessary to temporarily transfer from the catering service position; 3. Develop good personal hygiene habits: do the "five musts" and "seven don'ts" (that is, the "five musts" means to work and rest on time; Brush your teeth before going to bed; wash your hands before eating and after going to the toilet; bathe and wash clothes frequently; cut your nails and get a haircut frequently. The "seven don'ts" include not spitting everywhere; Smoking and taking drugs; not drinking raw water; not eating unclean food; not using public towels and unsterilized cups, bowls, and chopsticks)

4. Common symptoms of intestinal infectious diseases, sudden onset, Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and loose stools can occur more than ten times a day, followed by bloody and purulent stools, occasionally accompanied by mild fever, and severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.

5. Timely discover and control the source of infectious diseases: If a patient or suspected patient is found, report it to the clinic in time to achieve early isolation and early treatment.

4. What are the infectious diseases that kindergartens should prevent in autumn

1. Bacillary dysentery: The infection route is eating with hands contaminated by bacteria or other pathogenic microorganisms, or eating rotten and unclean food food.

This disease often occurs or becomes popular in summer and autumn. Preventive measures are: early isolation and treatment of patients with vomiting and diarrhea; implement scientific feces management and drinking water disinfection; food industry employees and food sold must be inspected and approved by the health and epidemic prevention department; eliminate flies and cockroaches; pay attention to diet Hygiene: wash your hands before meals and after using the toilet, wash raw fruits and vegetables, and avoid eating rotten and unclean food; exercise regularly to enhance your physical fitness.

2. Hand, foot and mouth disease: Hand, foot and mouth disease is an infectious disease caused by enterovirus and is highly contagious. It mostly occurs in infants and young children under 5 years old, and is mainly characterized by fever and rash or herpes on the hands, feet, mouth and other parts of the body.

5. What is the content of knowledge on prevention and control of infectious diseases in kindergartens in winter and spring

1. Influenza Influenza, referred to as influenza, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza viruses.

The incubation period is short, and the infection is strongest within 3 days of onset of illness, and the patient’s respiratory secretions shed the virus. The main source of infection of influenza is patients. Direct infection is mainly caused by droplets. Influenza can also be transmitted indirectly through droplets contaminating hands, utensils, clothes, toys, etc.

2. Meningococcal meningitis, commonly known as meningitis, is an acute infectious disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. It usually occurs in winter and spring, and affects both men, women, old and young, especially children. In the season when meningococcal meningitis occurs frequently, we should pay attention to active prevention. Once a patient with sudden high fever, headache, projectile vomiting, convulsions, or bleeding spots on the skin and mucous membranes is found, attention should be paid to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

3. Measles, commonly known as "rash", is a respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus. It is also easy to be infected by direct contact with measles patients. Measles most commonly affects children between six months and five years old. The measles virus invades the human body through the respiratory tract and has an incubation period of 6-18 days.

The main symptoms are fever, photophobia, tearing, runny nose, conjunctival congestion, oral mucosal plaques and systemic maculopapular rash. Prevention and treatment strategies: Measles vaccination according to the immune system is the main prevention measure.

6. How to prevent winter diseases in young children

In winter, the temperature difference between morning and evening is large, coupled with the dry climate, children are extremely susceptible to various respiratory diseases. season.

Therefore, children’s winter health care is an issue that parents need to pay attention to, and parents should know more about this aspect. 1. Dress appropriately and add or remove clothes in a timely manner. Children's clothes should be added or removed as the climate changes.

If you want to engage in strenuous outdoor activities when you go out, do not overdress your child, because strenuous exercise will definitely cause sweat to soak the underwear, which can easily lead to colds and is bad for health. Take off your coat when sleeping and cover yourself with a light, warm and breathable quilt. It is best to use a vest-style sleeping bag at night to prevent you from catching a cold when you kick off the quilt.

In terms of dressing, touch your child's hands frequently. If her little hands are cold, add another piece of clothing to her. Children should wear masks when going out, especially when there is a large temperature difference between indoors and outdoors.

2. Arrange meals reasonably and pay attention to nutrition and health care. In winter, children are prone to vitamin D deficiency, colds, and internal heat. You can allow children to eat more vitamin-rich foods, especially foods rich in vitamins A and C. In order to improve resistance, more hot foods with high energy should also be added. In addition, ensure that children drink enough water.

Water is an essential component of human metabolism. Children have a strong metabolism and need a lot of water. Children with specific physical constitutions need to increase the frequency of drinking water according to the situation.

3. Maintain air circulation in children’s dormitory activities. Although the weather will gradually get colder, you still need to ensure air circulation at home. If you open windows frequently to ventilate, keep the indoor air fresh, and insist on washing your face with cold water every morning, it will have many benefits for the health of young children.

In addition, using an air conditioner or heater will make the air drier. It is best to put a glass of water nearby or use a humidifier to maintain humidity. 4. Moderate sports and exercise are most suitable for outdoor sports in winter. Exercise can strengthen children's physical fitness and enhance their own immunity. Sunbathing can promote the absorption of calcium in the body. In addition, sunlight can also increase the oxygen content of red blood cells and enhance skin tone. It has a warming effect and can enhance the activity of the nervous system and the physical fitness of young children.

5. Protect the skin from dryness and cracking. In the cold and dry winter, children's skin loses a lot of water and secretes less sebaceous glands. The skin is prone to dryness, cracking and itching. Let children eat more vegetables, fruits and drink more boiled water. And wash your hands, feet, and face with hot water frequently, and then apply some skin care cream appropriately. The winter climate is characterized by low temperatures, low air humidity, northerly winds, and frequent cold air activity.

The ears, nose, and mouth of the human head and face have more opportunities to come into contact with the air. If you do not pay attention to protection, some diseases are likely to occur. 6. Do a good job in planned immunization for young children and conduct regular health examinations. Winter is the season when respiratory diseases are most common. Beware of respiratory infectious diseases that are easy to spread in winter, such as chickenpox, mumps, meningococcal meningitis, etc.

Vaccinate young children regularly. Prevent winter colds in children: The weather is cold after entering winter, which is the season for colds. Especially in public places and places where children gather in schools, kindergartens and other institutions, more attention should be paid to preventing the occurrence and prevalence of respiratory diseases such as colds.

In order for your children to spend the winter smoothly, you should do the following: 1. Eat a reasonable diet. Winter is the season when colds are most common. A reasonable diet can increase the body's disease resistance. Breast milk is not only the best food for children's physical and intellectual development, it also contains several immunoglobulins that have a protective effect on the respiratory mucosa and can reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases.

In addition to breastfeeding, complementary foods should be added in time according to the needs of children's growth and development, and vitamin-rich foods should be supplemented, such as fresh fruits, vegetables, eggs, fish and meat, to provide balanced nutrition and prevent partial eclipse and Be picky about food to prevent the lack of vitamins and trace elements from reducing the body's resistance in children. Replenish water appropriately to prevent dryness of the respiratory tract and reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases. 2. Pay attention to diet moderation. "If you want children to be safe, hunger and cold should be taken into account."

Nowadays, some parents are always worried that their children will eat less and not be full, and they always want their children to eat more. If a child eats too much, he will easily develop constipation in a few days.

Because Chinese medicine believes that "the lungs and the large intestine are related to each other", that is, disease in the large intestine will affect the function of the lungs. Studies have shown that dryness of fecal matter in the large intestine can cause an increase in the death rate of macrophages and a decrease in lung tissue resistance, thereby causing repeated lung and respiratory tract infections.

3. Protect the skin. Winter is cold and dry. Children's skin loses more water and secretes less sebaceous glands. The skin is prone to dryness, cracking and itching. Children should eat more vegetables and fruits, drink more boiled water, and Wash your hands, feet, and face with hot water frequently, and then apply some skin care cream appropriately. 4. Insist on outdoor activities. Some parents are afraid that their children will be frozen. When the weather gets cold, they will not let their children go out of the house. Children's respiratory tracts are not exposed to the stimulation of outside air for a long time, and they do not get cold-resistant exercise. After contact with cold patients, they will be resistant to pathogenic bacteria. Poor resistance, easy to get sick.

Therefore, you should insist on letting children do outdoor activities. When the weather is cold, you can choose a time when there is sufficient sunlight and low wind. Let children move in nature for half an hour to an hour, which can improve their physical fitness. At the same time, do not sit on a cool floor: The ground temperature is very low in winter. If children sit on it, a large amount of heat will be lost in the body, making them prone to colds and diarrhea. 5. Spend more time in the sun. Ultraviolet rays in the sun can kill viruses and bacteria on the surface of the human body, helping children Absorption of calcium and phosphorus enhances the body's disease resistance.

In addition, sunlight can also increase the oxygen content of red blood cells and enhance the temperature regulation effect of the skin, as well as enhance the activity skills of the nervous system and the physical fitness of young children. 6. Ventilate regularly and pay attention to room temperature. The suitable temperature for the human body in winter is 20 degrees Celsius. If it is higher than 23 degrees Celsius, people will feel dizzy and tired.

In addition, if the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, it is easy to catch a cold.

Winter is the season of high incidence of respiratory infections. In winter, due to heating, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is too large, which is more prominent in the north. The indoor temperature is high and the humidity is relatively low. In addition, the windows and doors are closed, indoor air circulation is poor, and microorganisms in the living room are The density is high, and some pathogenic bacteria and viruses can easily invade children's bodies.

Therefore, even in the cold winter, windows should be opened regularly to ventilate and increase indoor humidity. If the indoor temperature is too high, place a wet towel on the radiator or place a basin of water next to the radiator.

7. Reduce the chance of infection. Winter is the popular season for respiratory infectious diseases. Parents should try to avoid taking their children to crowded public places, such as movie theaters, party venues, shopping malls, etc. Pay attention to supervising children not to touch dirty things with their hands, and to wash their hands frequently to prevent diseases from entering through the mouth.

7. How to prevent infectious diseases in young children in autumn

Dear parents: Autumn is the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza, pneumonia, measles, chickenpox, mumps, meningococcal meningitis, and rubella. Because children's various systems are not fully developed and their resistance is low, they are often unable to prevent diseases. The following are the symptoms of several common infectious diseases for parents’ reference: 1. Main symptoms of influenza: Symptoms start very quickly. In addition to obvious coughing, sneezing, and runny nose, they are also accompanied by severe headaches. Young children are afraid of the cold. , fever, sore throat, body aches and weakness, and conjunctival congestion. Some have mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. Some symptoms are mainly pneumonia, and symptoms such as coughing and asthma will appear 1-2 days after the onset. Some children have obvious mental symptoms, such as drowsiness, convulsions, etc. If not treated in time, the child's immunity will decline, which may lead to complications such as otitis media and bronchitis.

2. Mumps

Main symptoms: acute onset, fever, cold sensitivity, headache, loss of appetite and other symptoms. In addition to the general symptoms mentioned above, the biggest characteristic of mumps is the enlargement of the six salivary glands around the mouth. The parotid gland is large, centered on the earlobe, spreading to the surroundings, and the edges are unclear. Pain in the parotid gland is felt when opening the mouth or chewing, especially when eating hard or sour food. The pain will worsen, and the swelling will subside in 4-5 days.

3. Measles

Main symptoms: In the early stage of the onset of measles, the symptoms are similar to those of a cold, including fever, cough, runny nose, photophobia, and watery eyes. 2-3 days after the onset of the disease, the oral mucosa will change. On the buccal mucosa next to the molars on both sides of the mouth, you can see small gray-white pinpoint-sized spots with redness around them. This kind of measles mucosal spot is a unique symptom of measles. important basis for early diagnosis. The rash began to appear 3-4 days after the onset of symptoms. The rash will appear in order from behind the ears, from the neck to the face, trunk, limbs, and finally to the palms and soles of the feet. The rash usually lasts for 3-5 days. During this period, the child continues to have a high fever, often accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms. After the rash appeared, the child's body temperature began to drop and gradually returned to normal, and the symptoms also alleviated.

Prevention:

1. Always pay attention to the weather forecast, add or remove clothes as the temperature changes to avoid getting wet or cold.

2. Open windows frequently for ventilation to ensure indoor air circulation and reduce the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors.

3. Wash your hands frequently and develop good hygiene habits.

4. Strengthen physical exercise, especially outdoor exercise, to enhance the body's resistance.

5. The diet should be reasonable to ensure that the body receives adequate nutrition.

6. Drink more warm water or tea to keep the nasal mucosa and throat moist.

7. Adjust your work and rest schedule to ensure adequate sleep and prevent excessive physical fatigue.

8. The most common infectious diseases among young children in winter

Prevent diarrhea in autumn. Babies are most likely to have diarrhea in summer, but the incidence of diarrhea is equally frequent after autumn, often in September or October. Diarrhea caused by monthly invasion of a child's digestive tract is called "autumn diarrhea."

Therefore, parents cannot relax. Diarrhea in autumn can be completely prevented. Specific measures include paying attention to food hygiene, not eating raw or cold food, and regularly boiling and disinfecting toys and tableware.

Get vaccinated in time. Get vaccinated in time in autumn to prevent infectious diseases in winter and spring, such as meningitis. Because it takes at least one month after vaccination to produce antibodies against infectious diseases in the body, you must not forget to vaccinate your baby in autumn. If there are any missed vaccinations, they should be made up in time.

Increase nutritional supplements The hot climate in summer affects children's diet and sleep to varying degrees, so children's growth and development often slow down. However, when the weather turns cooler in autumn, the interference with sleep and eating will no longer exist. The body will gradually return to its previous good operating state, and the baby's appetite and digestive function can also automatically adjust to the optimal level. Therefore, this season Nutritional supply should be strengthened for children to add "oil" for their growth.

In terms of diet, meat, eggs, milk and other foods are indispensable. At the same time, vegetables, fruits, etc. should also be increased appropriately, and at the same time, staple foods and non-staple foods, meat dishes and vegetarian dishes, coarse foods and fine grains should be properly matched. . Get rid of roundworms in time. Roundworms are well-known as the "public enemy" that harms the health of babies. They not only rob children of nutrients, but also induce anemia, malnutrition and other diseases, causing children to lag behind in physical development and damage intelligence.

Experts believe that among all seasons of the year, autumn is the best season to get rid of roundworms. Scrub the body with cold water. Frequently scrubbing the body with cold water is very effective in improving the baby's ability to adapt to cold.

Cold water scrubbing includes cold water hand washing, face washing, body wiping, showering and swimming. The exercise of cold water scrubbing should be carried out according to the different ages of the children, and attention should be paid to step by step.

Cold water shower is also a very effective exercise method for strengthening the body, but it should be done quickly. Immediately after bathing, wipe the body with a dry towel until the body is warm and slightly red, but this method is only suitable for Children over 3 years old.