Five-step teaching method of ancient Chinese poems in primary schools

"Five-step teaching method" for ancient Chinese poems in primary schools The famous poems of China are selected in the Chinese textbooks for primary schools. These essences are well-known and have been told by people for thousands of years. In order to achieve quality education in Chinese teaching and improve students' comprehensive ability, good teaching results can be achieved. Now I will briefly introduce the "five-step teaching method of ancient poetry" that I explored in teaching.

The teaching goal of ancient poetry is to cultivate students' interest in ancient literature and stimulate their enthusiasm for learning Chinese, so as to further understand the works and gain knowledge.

The teaching process is a bilateral activity between teachers and students, with students as the main body and teachers as the leading factor. We adhere to this principle, and make a new attempt in the process of teaching ancient poetry, with students learning as the mainstay and teachers' guidance as the supplement.

Now, taking some ancient poems in Chinese textbooks as examples, the five-step teaching method of ancient poems is explained.

Generally speaking, this teaching method is divided into five major links, namely, familiarizing with the whole poem-getting through the main idea-reciting and understanding-writing appreciation words-consolidating experience.

Take both sides of the yellow river recaptured by the imperial army, Send Yuan Er Shi An Xi and Tian Jing Sha Qiu Si as examples to make specific explanations:

Step 1: Familiarize yourself with the whole poem: This step mainly focuses on reading correctly and correctly. Teachers can model reading and lead reading, and then students can read aloud by themselves. Teachers point out the precautions and problems in the process of reading aloud. Such as syllable pause, pronunciation correction, etc. Ancient poems are whole and scattered. The whole is harmonious and tidy, and the scattered ones are scattered. It has a sense of rhythm and musical beauty. Teachers should have solid reading skills, do a good job in reading tips, demonstrate reading, and read the charm of teachers with abundant feelings. Reading must be standardized in order to arouse students' interest.

the second step is to penetrate poetry: this step focuses on understanding the general idea of poetry. Teachers should introduce the writing background of poetry, the author's life and other common sense to help students understand poetry. For some difficult words, teachers can explain them appropriately, but they should not explain them too much and too carefully, so as not to cause unnecessary burden to students. What students should do is to get a preliminary understanding of poetry and further understand the subtlety of poetry on the basis of familiar reading and the teacher's explanation.

For example, both sides of the yellow river recaptured by the imperial army is the work of Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written in the spring of 763 (the first year of Dai Zongguang De). In the first month of that year, Shi Chaoyi hanged himself, and his Ministry beheaded Li Huaixian, and the Anshi Rebellion ended. Du Fu is a poet who loves his motherland and suffers from chaos. Hearing this news, he can't help but be ecstatic with surprise, dancing and singing this seven-melody.

The whole poem is full of emotion, and the word "hi" is permeated everywhere, which vividly expresses the author's infinite joy and excitement. Then explain individual words. Then the students read the words and talk about their own understanding of the meaning of the words, and the teacher will guide them to correct them. Finally, teachers can briefly understand the meaning of words and point out the center of their ideological content. This link is suitable for ancient poems that are difficult to understand.

Step 3 Recitation Comprehension: This step is mainly completed by students, and teachers only play the role of guidance, instruction and supervision. Teachers should find and correct the problems that students have in the process of reciting. Reciting forms can take the methods of spot check, group reciting and whole class reciting. Students are required to deepen their understanding of the connotation of poetry in the process of reciting. For example, reciting Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si", the poem is just a few words, and it is written as "the last song of the ages". When students recite, they can think about it while reciting, draw a picture of the autumn evening scene of "wandering homesickness" in their minds, and try to figure it out and taste it carefully on the basis of a preliminary understanding of poetry in the second link. The fourth step is to write appreciation words: this step is more demanding than the above three steps, but not too high. Most students can write their own appreciation words after they are familiar with it, understand poetry and taste it repeatedly. "Appreciation Ci" is a modern poetic interpretation of ancient poetry, and can also be written in beautiful prose style. For a small number of students with poor level, it is enough to write a rough poem smoothly.

For example, a classmate made the following appreciation of "Sending Yuan Er Shi An Xi":

When the poets write together, they render a clear and fresh farewell environment that makes people feel moist and comfortable. A light rain washed away the dusty turbidity of the past, and the road was moist as crisp. The "guest house" was greener, the "willow color" was greener, and the feeling of farewell was stronger. In a few short words, the time of farewell is clearly indicated-early morning, the place of farewell-Weicheng, and the farewell environment-"the guest house is green and green." As if it were the wish of heaven, it specially created a wet, clean and refreshing morning for friends who traveled far away, and set a big background for writing farewell scenes later.

In the last two sentences, the poet didn't narrate the farewell scene, nor did he describe the deep feeling of parting, but intercepted a close-up of the farewell banquet to persuade the wine. "Advise you to drink another glass of wine". This glass of wine is to be drunk anyway, because "going out to the Yang Pass in the west" means "people without a reason". Out of Yangguan, "Jun" is a person without a reason. Isn't that the poet himself? Intercept the toast words that the farewell banquet is coming to an end, and leave deeply in the wine, which is extraordinary. A glass of wine, a cup of love, the cup is dry, but the love is hard to end. A word "Geng" and a word "Jin" are full of deep friendship between friends. Especially in the last sentence, the poet doesn't talk about the sadness of friends leaving, nor does he write the sadness of parting. Instead, he uses the implicit, euphemistic, rich and deep sigh of "there is no reason to go to Yangguan in the west" to express his parting feelings, which makes people feel more lingering.

Other ancient poems can be written with appreciation words according to students' own experience of poetry. The advantage of this is that it can deepen their understanding and impression of the work. This link is also a student activity.

the fifth step is to consolidate the experience: after completing one of the above four links, students have tasted the taste of ancient poetry. Now they are willing to read without being forced. Then this last step is not limited to classroom teaching. After repeated recitation in leisure, they consolidate, learn knowledge and appreciate beautiful works, just like singing a song, and gradually they will print the poems they learned in class into their minds. This is of infinite benefit to students' minds.

at this point, the five-step teaching method of ancient poetry can be said to be complete. ;