Application examples of sand blowing and reclamation

The mining of Nanpu Oilfield in Tangshan, Hebei Province has also caused changes in the surrounding environment. An artificial island has appeared near Beibao Village, Nanbao Town, Tanghai County, Tangshan City, and its area is still expanding. This built artificial island covers an area of ??approximately 410 acres and is only the first one in the plan. Nanpu Oilfield is mostly located in shallow sea layers and does not require deep sea development technology. The current plan is to build seven artificial islands through sand blowing and reclamation, and the remaining six are under construction.

On this artificial island, more than ten drilling derricks have been erected, and workers wearing CNPC red overalls are working nervously. On the roadside from the artificial island to Tanghai County, the dozens of kilometers of yellow crude oil transportation pipelines have been partially laid, and the construction of natural gas transportation pipelines is also expected to be completed.

The area where the artificial island is located is also a candidate for China’s strategic oil reserve base. Nanpu Oilfield is a beach-sea oilfield with concentrated reserves and high production, which is easy to construct and exploit. Based on current calculations of China's oil field recovery rates, the recoverable volume of one billion tons is estimated to be up to 500 million tons, and full-scale development can be completed in seven to eight years. The Nanpu Oilfield is located in shallow waters and is safer than the East China Sea oil and gas fields. Instead of spending a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to artificially build a strategic oil reserve base, China would be better off temporarily sealing most of the Nanpu Oilfield, which can also save storage costs. However, Wang Zhen, dean of the School of Business and Technology of China University of Petroleum, believes that the timing of oil field exploration depends more on market demand. The east side of the artificial island is the main part of Caofeidian Industrial Zone. Similar to the Nanpu Oilfield, Caofeidian has been transformed from a small sand island of four square kilometers into a large island of more than 40 square kilometers through sand blowing and reclamation. According to the plan of the Tangshan Municipal Government, the area of ??Caofeidian will double in 2008 and expand to 380 square kilometers by 2030. "Build a National Commercial Energy Reserve and Dispatch Center", this placard stands on the side of the main road in Caofeidian.

In fact, in the long-term plan for the Caofeidian Industrial Zone jointly produced by the China Urban Planning and Design Institute and the Caofeidian Planning and Development Bureau, part of the area where the oil field is currently located is located on the land reserved for the port. . The distribution area of ??the large oil field partially overlaps with the Caofeidian Industrial Zone, and the mining plan will be carried out simultaneously with the Caofeidian Industrial Zone. To achieve complementary advantages. Caofeidian Industrial Zone has made adjustments to the oil fields, swapping the planned location of the petrochemical and chemical industrial zones with the original processing industrial zone, from the east side of the development zone closer to the sea to the west side adjacent to the oil fields and land. The project under construction by PetroChina in Caofeidian is a large-scale LNG receiving station. It also plans to build two 300,000-ton crude oil terminals.

Since Caofeidian is the only natural port site along the Bohai Sea that can build a 300,000-ton large-scale berth without digging channels and harbor basins, in the planning map, in addition to the four crude oil terminals under construction, the ore Docks and coal terminals are also the focus of construction. Currently, Shougang’s first 250,000-ton ore terminal has been put into operation. In Caofeidian's planning, the Shougang land is located in the southwest part, accounting for about half of Caofeidian's existing area. Focusing on Shougang's Caofeidian New Plant, whose first-phase production scale will reach an annual output of 9.89 million tons of iron, 9.7 million tons of steel, and 9.05 million tons of steel products, China 22nd Metallurgical Construction Company and other companies have planned to build a 100,000-ton or above plant in Caofeidian. Steel structure base. Caofeidian has reserved a piece of equipment manufacturing shoreline in the northeast corner of the industrial zone for the production of "Ansat" series helicopters.

The emergence of Nanbao Oilfield and the large-scale development of Caofeidian have begun to change the vicinity of Caofeidian. House prices are an obvious indicator. In Beipuo Village, the village closest to the oil field, the changes are even more obvious. There are only about thirty households left here, and relocation is only a matter of time. The government will introduce appropriate resettlement plans for these fishermen in the development zone. The fishermen haven't left yet, and a new group of residents is about to arrive. Vietnam, the Philippines and Malaysia have carried out land reclamation, airport construction and other construction in the occupied Nansha Islands for decades. From the end of 2013 to June 2015, China successively blew sand and reclamation on several reefs in the Nansha Islands (Chigua Reef should be the earliest reclamation ), in addition to improving garrison conditions and better safeguarding rights, it also serves civil and international public welfare responsibilities as a major country, such as maritime search and rescue, navigation safety, etc.

On June 16, 2015, the spokesperson of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that the "reclamation project of some of China's garrisoned islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands" was about to be completed. On June 30, it was said that it had been completed and would later enter the construction of land functional areas. . The so-called "reclamation of some of China's garrisoned islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands" refers to the old 7 reefs, namely Chigua Reef (winter 2013-summer 2014), Gaven Reef (winter 2013-November 2014), Dongmen Reef ( Winter 2013 - January 2015), Huayang Reef (around January 2014 - completion of filling in April 2015), Fiery Cross Reef (around January 2014 - May 2015), Subi Reef (2015 January-June 2015), Mischief Reef (January-June 2015). However, the Anda Reef and other areas stationed by China have not been filled. The rapid reclamation process and great achievements in Nansha are due to the fact that China's construction industry has developed a strong engineering force, which can be said to be the first in Asia. Among them, the Tianjing plays the most prominent role among the construction ships. From September 2013 to June 2014, the "Sky Whale" made multiple trips between Huayang Reef, Fiery Cross Reef, Chigua Reef, Dongmen Reef and Nanxun Reef in Nansha, improving efficiency through rotating operations. The total number of days reached 193 days. Among them, December 2013 to 2014 was the peak period of the "Sky Whale" operation in Nansha. It traveled between five reefs and worked for a total of 174 days. Based on the calculation of blowing 4,500 cubic meters of reclaimed sea sand per hour, " The Sky Whale filled five islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands with more than 10 million cubic meters of sand and seawater, which is approximately equivalent to the concrete consumed by three Hoover Dams in the United States. The Sky Whale is known as an island-building artifact.