Rice pest control

Sowing date: Seed selection and disinfection before sowing is the most important measure to prevent diseases such as rice blast and bakanae disease. At the same time, it is necessary to reasonably match stubble and implement crop rotation, which can not only prevent diseases but also control insects.

1, drying and seed selection: rice seeds are dried first, then winnowed, slimed or salted. , to clear the disease and bran.

2. Seed disinfection: Generally, seeds can be soaked in 1% lime water, which is an important measure to control rice blast, bakanae disease, flax leaf spot and bacterial blight.

3. "Germination is half the battle", and accelerating the germination of early rice is an important measure to prevent rotten seedlings. Straw used to accelerate germination can only be used after disinfection.

Seedling stage: "A good seedling is half of rice", so we should cultivate strong seedlings. The vivid words of poor middle-class farmers, such as "treat the paddy field severely, treat the paddy field again, and the paddy field will die of illness", sum up the importance of preventing and controlling diseases and pests in the paddy field.

Agricultural measures such as water slurry management should be strengthened in early rice seedling field, with the focus on preventing rotten seedlings, and at the same time, rice planthoppers and rice leafhoppers should be severely dealt with to eliminate virus vectors and pay attention to the prevention and control of rice blast. The prevention and control of rice blast and thrips, flax leaf spot, rice planthopper and leafhopper should be emphasized in single-season late rice and late rice seedling fields. The mixture of isoprothiolane and kasugamycin can be used for spraying. Before pulling out seedlings, spray drugs according to the situation of pests and diseases to prevent pests and diseases from being brought into the field. Combined with barnyard grass removal, the diseased plants of bakanae disease and virus disease were removed, and the egg mass of Chilo suppressalis was removed. Straw used for planting seedlings must be boiled and disinfected with water before use.

Field stage: the following work should be done in the field stage.

1, rush to plough and irrigate, shovel scum immediately after soil preparation and irrigation, and remove sheath blight, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, overwintering borers, etc. In the scum, it should be planted reasonably according to the conditions of variety characteristics and soil quality. After the rice plants turn green, the inspection of pests and diseases should be strengthened, and the rice plants infected with the virus should be pulled out in time to replenish healthy plants. Mobilize the masses to collect eggs in time during the peak period of moths, combine with early field cultivation, pull out the diseased plants of bakanae disease in time, and eradicate weeds along fields and ditches.

2. Strengthen the management of cement slurry. Open "Zouma Gully" around the field, irrigate with shallow water, dry and wet, and put the field aside properly and timely, so that the rice plants are young and strong, and the stress resistance is enhanced, which has a good effect on preventing and controlling rice blast, sheath blight, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, bacterial blight and bacterial blight. In case of bacterial blight, it should be drained to dry immediately, and cooperate with intertillage rice to promote ventilation. In order to control the occurrence and development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and ear neck blast, it is necessary to irrigate "Paoma water" frequently in the later stage to keep the field moist and not to dehydrate prematurely.

3. Rational fertilization. "Apply foot fat, topdressing early". According to the principle of "eat less and eat more meals", pay attention to the coordination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so as to avoid excessive growth, gluttony and lodging, and induce pests and diseases due to improper management of fertilizer and water. And ploughing green manure fields. Plant ash or lime can be properly used in acidic soil.

4. On the basis of implementing agricultural management measures, strengthen the prediction of pests and diseases, and use chemical agents for direct protection. Chemical control must implement the principle of "economy, safety and effectiveness".

In May, after the early rice is transplanted and turned green, it is necessary to do a good job in the prevention and control of rice planthoppers (Laodelphax striatellus) and black-tailed leafhoppers, ensure that seedlings tiller in time, avoid the spread of rice virus diseases, vigorously carry out the forecast of rice stem borers at tillering stage, and make good preparations for the prevention and control of the first generation of yellow rice borers and the harm of the first generation of yellow rice borers to early rice.

In June, the first generation of Chilo suppressalis and Chilo suppressalis were mainly controlled, mainly single-season late rice. The first generation of Chilo suppressalis should be strictly controlled in early rice and early sowing single-season late rice seedling fields, and artificial egg collection and "grasping the dead group" should be advocated for low population base, and the key application methods should be determined in target fields. The first generation of Chilo suppressalis should be strictly controlled, and the control of late-maturing early rice should be strengthened. The control of Chilo suppressalis can be combined with the control of rice blast and sheath blight. Acute rice blast must be treated as soon as possible and eliminated in the early stage.

July: Early rice is mainly used to control sheath blight and the second generation of yellow rice borer. Late June and early July are the onset periods of sheath blight, so it is necessary to throw it into the field in time to control its development. In areas dominated by double-cropping rice, the second generation of Chilo suppressalis should be strictly controlled, and all single-cropping late rice and light green late-maturing early rice fields should be controlled. Mid-July is the occurrence and damage period of white-backed planthopper, which can be combined with the control of yellow rice borer. In early-maturing japonica rice, it is necessary to prevent the sudden damage of ear neck blast in the middle of last year, and pay attention to the control of single-season leaf blast and rice thrips from late June to early this month. Late-maturing early rice and single-season late rice at the end of July should prevent the sudden damage of rice leaf roller and rice corn borer. The second half of this month to the first half of August is the key period for the control of single-cropping late rice and late rice sheath blight.

August: Early rice will be harvested from the end of July to the beginning of this month. Immediately after harvesting, the weeds in the ridge and rice plants adjacent to single-season late rice and late rice fields were sprayed with drugs to eliminate rice planthoppers and rice leafhoppers and prevent their harm. At the beginning of the month, we should pay close attention to the prevention and control of sheath blight and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in single-season late rice and late rice. The first half of the month is the damage period of the third generation of rice leaf roller, so we should be vigilant and prevent it in time. At the end of the month, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of the third generation of yellow rice borer, as well as the treatment of rice planthopper and rice leafhopper.

September: In early September, according to the growth period of single-season late rice, the third generation white spike of Chilo suppressalis was controlled in stages and batches according to the insect situation, and rice planthoppers, rice leafhoppers and rice planthoppers were also controlled. Early and middle September is the occurrence and damage period of brown planthopper in mid-season rice, so it is necessary to strengthen the general survey and prevent it in time. At the beginning of this month and next month, barnyard grass and white ears should be pulled up in single-season late rice and late rice fields to reduce the number of overwintering stem borers and reduce the harm of stem borers in the coming year. In the second half of this month, rice will be close to maturity and a bumper harvest is in sight. In order to ensure high yield in autumn, we should pay close attention to the prevention and control of ear neck plague, prevent the sudden harm of rice planthopper, and implement the policy of early treatment, small treatment and cure. In the event of harm, we must "carry forward the style of heroic fighting, not afraid of sacrifice, not afraid of fatigue and continuous fighting" to carry out the war of annihilation, and truly "control the rice head, fight to the valley and enter the warehouse"!