Teaching management in higher vocational colleges

Introduction: Classroom is a special environment, and the development of teaching activities is closely related to classroom management. In order to better realize efficient teaching and promote students' long-term development, teachers should do a good job in classroom management in the teaching process. Teaching management in higher vocational colleges

Classroom is one of the important channels for students to acquire knowledge and improve their comprehensive quality, and teaching activities are closely related to classroom management. Effective classroom management is a prerequisite for effective teaching. In order to make good use of limited time and create a pleasant and constructive learning environment, teachers must understand the possible problems in students' classroom learning and conduct effective management to ensure the smooth progress of teaching.

First, the characteristics of higher vocational classroom

The classroom is a special environment, Philip? Jackson believes that the classroom teaching framework has five characteristics: 1. Plurality. That is, a variety of different tasks and events occur in the classroom. 2. simultaneity. Refers to many things happening at the same time in the classroom; 3. immediacy. Refers to the class is a kind of improvisation activity, teachers must respond when many things happen; 4. Unpredictable public classroom atmosphere; 5. Diachronic. What happens at the beginning of the school year sometimes affects the student's classroom behavior in the rest of the year.

second, the current situation of classroom management in higher vocational colleges

classroom management refers to a series of teaching management activities carried out by teachers in the classroom in order to complete teaching tasks, coordinate the relationship between teachers and students, improve the teaching environment and guide students to learn. Effective classroom management is the basis for teachers to carry out teaching activities. Teachers in colleges and universities must constantly improve their classroom management skills, guide students to learn actively and improve their learning effect. However, in the classroom management of higher vocational colleges, we often encounter some problems, such as the hardware conditions of the classroom in higher vocational colleges need to be improved, the students are not student-oriented, the students' learning enthusiasm is not high, the discipline is poor, the classroom relationship is not harmonious, and so on. These problems affect the teachers' teaching ability and hinder the long-term development of students.

III. Implementation of classroom management in higher vocational colleges

(I) Improvement of classroom hardware environment

The classroom hardware environment plays a certain role in classroom teaching. As a teaching environment, the classroom should be built into a balanced ecosystem, just like the plant community in nature. Under the conditions of proper topography, landform, soil quality, light, temperature and humidity, plants of different families coexist. The classroom hardware environment mainly includes the physical environment and the layout of the classroom, among which the physical environment includes the direction of classroom seats, ventilation conditions, light and brightness, teaching instruments and equipment, teaching AIDS and so on. With the appearance of modern teaching AIDS, the classroom is no longer a chalk world. Colleges and universities should adopt modern educational technology, which can provide students with a large amount of information and data to help them learn to process and make decisions on information and build useful knowledge for themselves. Some boring, indescribable and abstract teaching contents and phenomena can be displayed concretely and vividly by means of computer simulation demonstration, text, graphic images, sound, animation and video, which improves the depth and breadth of teaching, helps students understand the essence of things through phenomena and increases students. Classroom hardware environment also includes classroom layout, which includes posted slogans, famous sayings and aphorisms, students' own works, etc., all of which convey certain cultural meanings in their own unique ways, edifying and shaping everyone's thoughts and behaviors in this space.

(II) Giving full play to students' main role

According to Zankov's theory of development education, this teaching method can only play a highly effective role if it touches on students' emotional and will fields and their spiritual needs. Teachers are the organizers of classroom teaching, but an efficient classroom is not a one-man show. Colorful classrooms can attract students' attention and activate their thinking. Students should be given a stage for autonomous learning and various opportunities for display. Teaching should care about students' learning, not teachers' teaching, so teachers should fully trust students, liberate students, cultivate students' self-management consciousness, give full play to students' positive and dynamic subjective factors, and flexibly and tactfully coordinate the relationship between various factors to ensure the smooth progress of teaching activities and improve teaching effectiveness. Our teachers have also made some attempts and found that students can do better by giving them a platform to display themselves. For example, teachers can group students in the process of teaching, and each group becomes a team, requiring each team to have a team name and a team slogan. After each course, teachers assign corresponding tasks to each team, giving students some time to find information and complete corresponding tasks. In the next class, students are asked to send representatives to the stage for PPT presentation. During the activity, students are asked to evaluate each other whether they are good or bad. Teachers make a summary and give comments, * * * with efforts * * * with progress. After such training, teachers can understand students' learning trends and correct bad places, and students' dominant position can be realized. And through training, students' expression ability, PPT production ability, problem-finding and problem-solving ability can be found, which further improves and promotes the improvement of teaching effect.

(2) teacher's role change.

in the classroom management of higher vocational colleges, the role of teachers is not static, but plays different roles.

1. Coach: Cihai, right? Coach? Interpreted as the person who is directly responsible for training and training athletes in sports training. Our teachers play the role of coaches in the teaching process, and students play the role of athletes. Teachers themselves should be familiar with the teaching materials and master the knowledge system of their majors from a macro perspective. Proficient in the theoretical knowledge and skills of the taught subjects from the micro level, and familiar with the vertical and horizontal relations between the taught subjects and related disciplines. According to the needs of society, collect all kinds of relevant information and be a researcher, curriculum builder and developer of teaching. Through a series of directional and strategic teaching processes, we can gain insight into students' mental model, tap their potential inward and discover possibilities outward, so that students can achieve their goals effectively.

2. Referee: Teachers not only act as coaches, but also act as referees. In the teaching process, in addition to spreading knowledge and cultivating students' skills, it is also necessary to check students' classroom learning. Teachers should evaluate students' learning effect according to corresponding rules and regulations. In the process of implementation, teachers should have noble moral quality, decent style, adhere to principles, be impartial and serious.

3. Counselor: In addition to attending classes, teachers should also play the role of counselors, understand students' daily life, pay attention to their growth and progress, urge students to overcome inertia, help students build confidence and courage when encountering difficulties, and constantly stimulate their enthusiasm for learning. It is necessary to help students establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, actively guide students to pursue higher goals and establish firm beliefs; Help students develop good moral quality, psychological quality, self-esteem, self-love, self-discipline and self-improvement, enhance students' ability to overcome difficulties, withstand tests and bear setbacks, and help students deal with specific problems in learning, becoming a talent, choosing a job and making friends, and living a healthy life in a targeted manner; Implement the relevant work of subsidizing students with financial difficulties and help them complete their studies; Actively carry out employment guidance and services, provide students with efficient and high-quality employment guidance and information services, and help students establish a correct concept of employment; Guide the construction of student party branches and class committees, do a good job in cultivating student backbones, and stimulate students' enthusiasm and initiative. 4. Students: Teachers should also act as students in role-playing. Teachers gain more knowledge and education in professional fields than students, but teachers don't have more information than students in all fields, and teachers don't get involved. Teachers need to keep learning and be good at reflection, actively learn from students what they don't understand, and make progress with students.

(3) Establish a harmonious and pleasant classroom atmosphere

A harmonious atmosphere can promote the absorption of knowledge. Teachers impart knowledge and students accept knowledge. The activities between them can not be separated from the tacit understanding and harmonious performance between teachers and students in the classroom. Teachers should establish a harmonious, relaxed and pleasant classroom atmosphere for students in classroom teaching, and form a teacher-student relationship that encourages each other and learns from each other. Only in this way can every educated person give full play to his potential and achieve all-round development.

1. Stimulate students' learning motivation: Motivation, which is considered to involve the origin, direction, intensity and persistence of behavior in psychology, is caused by specific needs and a special psychological state and willingness to meet various needs. Learning motivation is the main condition of learning and the internal motivation to directly promote students' learning, which will affect students' performance in class and learning efficiency. Generally speaking, the stronger the learning motivation, the better the students' learning enthusiasm and learning effect, and vice versa. In order to carry out classroom teaching smoothly and effectively, teachers need to stimulate students' learning motivation. Teachers can help students set clear learning goals. Too high or too low learning goals are not conducive to stimulating students' learning motivation. Teachers can use different incentives for students' performance in the classroom. The German educator Dostoevsky said. The function of education is not to impart skills, but to inspire, awaken and inspire? Reward and punishment are the most commonly used means for teachers to exert influence on students in classroom management, such as affirming students' good behaviors in the classroom, encouraging students to repeat such behaviors, and criticizing bad behaviors to prevent such behaviors from happening again. In this way, teaching can be guaranteed, students' interest in learning can be stimulated, and students' learning motivation can be stimulated.

2. Teachers' walking teaching: Many teachers always like to stand on the podium and talk for several classes, and never want to walk off the podium. I think this is not good. On the one hand, from the aesthetic point of view, students always maintain a posture when they see the teacher standing on the stage. When this posture is presented in the same way, intensity and frequency, the students' reaction begins to weaken, and after a long time, they will have a sense of boredom. On the other hand, teachers often walk off the platform to give lectures, with body language, which can make the teaching more dynamic, vivid and concrete, and narrow the sense of distance with students. In addition, in the teaching process, teachers should pay attention to the expression of words and need some humor. Small humor in the classroom can ease the classroom atmosphere, avoid conflicts, create a relaxed and happy classroom atmosphere, relieve students' tension, improve students' interest in learning, and won't find knowledge boring.

3. Establish a good relationship between teachers and students. The famous educator Zankov said. We should strive to make learning full of unrestrained atmosphere, so that students and teachers can? Breathe freely? If you can't create such a good teaching atmosphere, then any teaching method can't play a role. ? Good teacher-student relationship is an important way to ensure the smooth completion of teaching activities. If a teacher doesn't love his students, he won't care about him, let alone help them study better. On the other hand, if students are extremely bored with teachers, they will resist teachers, and no matter what teachers do, students will not be interested. Therefore, teachers should respect students' personality, treat students equally, love students, objectively evaluate students and truly care for them. The friendly attitude and loyal friendship between teachers and students are the motive source of students' love for learning and the emotional foundation of students' education. The establishment of a good teacher-student relationship includes two parts: in class and after class. In the classroom, teachers should strive to create a relaxed and active classroom atmosphere, so that students can keep cheerful mood. As a teacher, teachers should constantly update their teaching concepts, try different teaching methods and get new information in time. After class, teachers should communicate with students more and understand their needs. In communication, we often say, we should have courage to go down to the top; Up-to-down, be thoughtful. As a student, students think that teachers are superior and leaders, and they are afraid to communicate with teachers and are afraid of saying the wrong thing, so what do they do? Leadership? Our teacher, should you bring it? Heart? Communicate with students to make them feel concerned, and in communication, teachers can find problems and solve them.

(4) Design of classroom rules

As the saying goes: Without a plan, there is no control, and I don't know how to correct it; No rules, no Fiona Fang. ? It is of great significance to cultivate students' awareness of rules and ensure the smooth development of students' learning in teaching. Teachers should explain clearly the classroom rules and learning rules of this course to students when they attend the first class. Such as: what kind of behavior teachers need students to have, how to finish homework, how to take notes, how to review and so on. For some bad behaviors that classroom rules are conducive to filtering students, students will be restricted by classroom rules invisibly, and students will also supervise and remind each other, so that these behavior rules will be internalized into students' conscious behaviors and implemented in every classroom slowly; The formulation of learning rules, such as grouping rules, independent thinking rules, division of labor and cooperation rules, communication rules, etc. Making rules should not only let students know how to do or not to do it, but also let them know why to do or not to do it. Of course, before making these rules, teachers should also give full consideration to some needs of students and give them room for improvement, so as to ensure the effectiveness and feasibility of implementing the rules.