The world's earliest professional fire brigade appeared in the Song Dynasty. What did the "fire sprinkler gun" of the Song Dynasty look like?

As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the famous Xiang Zihan of the Song Dynasty organized a team to fight fires. However, such teams are temporary and are no longer available as the fire risk is eliminated. In Chinese history, the only era in which permanent firefighting teams were established was the Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty's military patrol shop was the first full-time firefighting team in the world.

The Song Dynasty introduced a strict military patrol system to make up for the lack of fire-fighting means with a military firefighting system that went deep into the local grassroots level. According to "Tokyo Menghua Lu", in the city of Bianjing (Kaifeng), "three hundred paces from each lane, there is a military patrol house and five soldiers." The main task of these sergeants is to "night patrol", urging residents to turn off lights on time and eliminate fire hazards.

When using, put it in the tank. By pulling, water is sucked into the inner cavity, and then squeezed to push the water in the inner cavity up, thereby achieving the purpose of extinguishing the fire. The water spray range of fire water cannons can reach 20 meters, which is equivalent to the height of 2 or 3 floors.

In ancient times, there was not only a lack of water storage methods, but also no sprinkler fire-fighting equipment. In the face of fire, there are only two solutions: 1. Store a fixed water source. 2. The water diversion source is close to the residence. This large vat standing in front of the palace is called the Taiping vat. It is the main equipment for fire-fighting water storage, also known as the "door sea". According to official records of the Forbidden City, there are more than 300 large vats in the palace, and 231 of them still exist today.

In winter, in order to prevent the water in the vat from freezing, people not only heat the vat with charcoal fire, but also wrap it with cotton pads. In addition, there is an iron grate used to place straw or charcoal in the tank so that the water in the tank can be better kept warm.

When using, put it in the tank. By pulling, water is sucked into the inner cavity, and then squeezed to push the water in the inner cavity up, thereby achieving the purpose of extinguishing the fire. The water spray range of fire water cannons can reach 20 meters, which is equivalent to the height of 2 or 3 floors. Fire water guns are mainly made of bronze and were made in the late Qing Dynasty and originated in the Song Dynasty. During the Song Dynasty, fire water guns were also called "pumps" and were mostly made of wooden materials.

As early as the Song Dynasty, the famous hermit Chen Tuan proposed the fire prevention slogan "Be careful with fire and stop water", which is also the earliest fire prevention slogan in my country