What is the towering derrick for?

On the vast land of our motherland, sometimes you will see towering and majestic steel frames, which are different from ordinary TV towers and high-voltage transmission towers. There is a pulley block at the top of the steel frame, and the wire rope passing through the pulley block drives the traveling pulley block to swim up and down, which is the symbol of petroleum industry-drilling derrick.

Drilling derrick is the main equipment component of oil drilling rig, which is developed from the ancient "drill" triangular bracket. It not only bears the weight of downhole drill string, but also is threatened by hurricane during drilling. At present, the highest drilling derrick in the world is 70 meters high, and the highest derrick can bear 1000 tons.

In order to meet the requirements of running drilling tools and casing, drilling tools and casing weighing hundreds of tons should be pulled out or lowered from the well, and tools such as crown block, hanging traveling block, hook, lifting ring and tongs should be placed on the drilling derrick. When tripping in and out, the derrick also stores and supports all drill pipe strings (consisting of two or three drill pipes), and the drilling derrick plays a supporting and bearing role like the bones of human body. There are many structural forms of drilling derrick, including tower derrick, front open derrick (п-shaped derrick), A-shaped derrick, mast derrick and power derrick. Although there are many types of drilling derricks, their basic components are the same, mainly consisting of derrick base, derrick body, crown block, racking platform (working platform for lifting drilling tools), riser platform (operating platform for removing hoses) and derrick escalator. Because the wellhead device should be installed in the drilling derrick base and the rotary control head should be installed during negative pressure drilling, the drilling derrick base is generally very high. At present, the base height of large and medium-sized oil rigs is generally around 7 ~ 10 meter.

How to erect a derrick with a height of tens of meters and a weight of tens of tons? At present, most derricks are installed horizontally at a low position, that is, the segmented derricks are connected together with pins on the ground, and then the whole erection operation of drilling derricks is completed by the winch, traveling system, herringbone frame, wire rope and pulley. Tower crane pole installation using derrick method; Telescopic mast derrick uses its own hydraulic cylinder to jack up the derrick. When you come to the oil field and see the spectacular scene of the derrick, you will be proud of the rapid development of China's oil industry.

Oil drilling derrick