What kind of movement slogan is Give Me Back Qingdao?

The May Fourth Movement.

The May 4th Movement was a movement that took place in Beijing on May 4, 1919, mainly involving young students, with the participation of the general public, citizens, business people and other classes. Through demonstrations, marches, The patriotic movement carried out in various forms, such as petitions, strikes, and violent confrontations with the government, is the Chinese people's thorough patriotic movement against imperialism and feudalism, also known as the "May Fourth Thunder".

The reason is that during the First World War, the European powers had no time to look east, and Japan took the opportunity to step up its aggression against China, seriously damaging China's sovereignty. Anti-Japanese sentiment among the Chinese people is growing day by day. The failure of Chinese diplomacy at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 triggered the great May Fourth Movement.

In just two months, from the celebration of "Justice over Power" in November 1918 to the Paris Conference in January of the following year, China at that time fully demonstrated the principle of "a weak country has no diplomacy since ancient times". The law, the so-called "justice triumphs over might" is just a beautiful fairy tale.

Faced with such a humiliating situation, students in Beijing went on strike starting on May 4 and organized speeches and propaganda. Subsequently, students and workers in Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuhan, and Jinan Be supportive too. ?

The May 4th Movement directly affected the birth and development of the Communist Party of China. The history of the Communist Party of China generally defines it as an "anti-imperialist and anti-feudal patriotic movement" (note here The word "feudal" is a generalized view of feudalism), and this movement serves as the watershed between the old democratic revolution and the new democratic revolution.

The cause of the incident

In January 1919, the victorious countries of World War I held the so-called "Peace Conference" in Paris, France. As one of the Allied Powers of World War I, China Attended the meeting.

The Chinese representatives at the Peace Conference proposed the abolition of foreign spheres of influence in China, the withdrawal of foreign troops in China, and the cancellation of the "Twenty-One" and other just demands. However, the Paris Peace Conference ignored the fact that China was also one of the victorious countries. , rejected the request made by the Chinese representative, and actually decided to transfer Germany's rights and interests in Shandong, China to Japan.

After the news reached China, the students in Beijing became furious. Students, businessmen, education circles and many patriotic groups called in to denounce Japan's unreasonable behavior and demanded that the Chinese government uphold its national sovereignty. Under this circumstance, the peace conference representatives submitted a statement on the Shandong issue, demanding the return of China's German Concession and Jiaoji Railway sovereignty in Shandong, and the abolition of the "Twenty-One" and other illegal treaties.

But as a result, the Beiyang government succumbed to the pressure of imperialism and actually prepared to sign the "Peace Treaty between the Allied Powers and the Countries Participating in the War with Germany". In the end, Britain, the United States, France, Japan, Italy and other countries ignored the voices of the Chinese people and signed the "Peace Treaty between the Allied Powers and Participating Countries with Germany" on June 28, 1919, the "Versailles Peace Treaty", which still restricted Germany's control of Shandong. Rights transferred to Japan.

At the Paris Peace Conference, the Chinese government’s diplomatic failure directly aroused strong dissatisfaction among the Chinese people, which triggered the May Fourth Movement. Under such strong pressure, Chinese representatives ultimately did not attend the Paris Peace Conference. signing ceremony.

Influence

The May Fourth Movement was a political movement launched by students and intellectuals. It basically achieved its set goals and greatly stimulated students' ideological and political enthusiasm. The May 4th Movement itself benefited from the previous New Culture Movement's preparation of students' ideas and organizations, which in turn helped the New Culture Movement further spread, but it also led to the differentiation of the New Culture Movement.

Among the advocates of the New Culture Movement, a large number of people such as Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao actively participated in political activities, while a few people such as Hu Shi continued to adhere to non-politicized cultural movements. The depoliticized New Culture Movement expanded in breadth but stagnated in depth, and many political ideas were introduced. ?

The series of political events triggered by the May Fourth Movement weakened the rule of the Beiyang government. Young people actively participated in political activities and helped launch the Northern Expedition. However, after the Kuomintang came to power, it was also troubled by the student movement. With the influx of foreign political thoughts, Marxism began to enter China and rapidly expanded its influence. The Communist Party of China was established, and many participants in the May Fourth Movement became leaders of the Communist Party.

The May 4th Movement greatly affected the course of modern Chinese history. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, May 4th was designated as May 4th Youth Day.

Reference for the above content? Baidu Encyclopedia-May 4th Movement