Cultural Tourism in Luxi Township

Luxi Township is located at the southernmost tip of Qimen County, Anhui Province, adjacent to Fuliang County, Jiangxi Province, and is the "south gate" of Qimen County. There are few mountains and rivers in the territory, and it is a typical deep mountain area in southern Anhui with "nine mountains, half water and half fields". Due to the love of history, the favor of ancestors and the special geographical environment, Luxi not only has a beautiful ecological environment, but also has its own regional characteristics while inheriting Huizhou culture. In addition, it is an old revolutionary base area and adds a red business card to Luxi tourism.

1. Ancient crossing by water and dragon boat race

In ancient times, the Changjiang River was the main channel for Qimen County to communicate with the outside world, and the export of mountain products native products such as wood, tea and porcelain clay and the import of grain and department stores depended entirely on water transportation. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when water transportation flourished, there were nearly 1, boats and 1 docks on the line from Qimen to Jingdezhen. In the spring and summer flood season, the boat is like a shuttle, with little white sails, which can reach the county directly. When the water is dry in autumn and winter, it should be carried by bamboo rafts. There are mainly ancient crossings in Luxi, such as Dianbu Beach, Luxi, Fancun, Dabei Port, Daohu and so on, and some of them exist especially today. Therefore, the customs in Volume 5 of Tongzhi's Qimen County Records in Qing Dynasty are as follows: "Generally speaking, people in the east are loaded with resources, while people in the south are good at boating, …". In ancient times, when people made a living by water, it was essential to pray for disaster relief in the Dragon Boat Festival, and this custom still exists today. The dragon boat race in front of the village is on the Weihe River. During the race, the drums of the dragon boat in the water, the shouts of the rowers, the firecrackers set off on the shore and the cheers of the crowd make the whole river come alive, and the scene is very lively. The green mountains, the dragons in the river and the people watching on both sides of the strait constitute a rural landscape where man and nature are in harmony.

2. Nuo dance

Nuo is a ceremony to drive away epidemic ghosts in ancient times, and Nuo dance is a kind of dance to hold Nuo sacrifice ceremony. After a long evolution, it developed into a drama, so it has the reputation of "living fossil" of drama. Luxi Nuo dance has a long history, and the locals call it "Peace Dance" and "Local Opera". Usually performed in the twelfth lunar month, beginning of spring and Dragon Boat Festival, in order to pray for exorcism and keep the population safe, Luxi Village still preserves the custom and masks of Nuo jumping. These masks are made of wood carving or gypsum. They are a green-faced Pangu, a pair of bangs with yin and yang, a white-faced fierce star, a red-faced lucky star, four elephants with short heads, and an axe to cut mountains and sharpen mountains. Present offerings, burn incense and worship, then set off firecrackers, gongs and drums, and the performance began. The performance procedure, Pangu gave birth to Tai Chi, Tai Chi gave birth to two instruments, two instruments gave birth to four elephants, four elephants gave birth to gossip, and gossip set good or bad luck. Finally, the lion declared peace. The whole performance was sonorous and rhythmic, and the atmosphere was very lively with firecrackers as a foil.

Third, ancient villages and ancient shrines

Luxi has been outstanding since ancient times, not only because of its convenient water transportation and prosperous business, but also because of its developed education and talented people. Famous families built shrines and wrote books, leaving many cultural relics and historical sites.

1. Chawan

Chawan is an ancient village with prosperous humanities in Qimen County. It is located on the Chawan River and surrounded by mountains. The situation is congested, the soldiers are rare, and the folk customs are simple. In the Five Dynasties, the surname Cha originally lived in Chawan. When Renzong was in the Northern Song Dynasty, Tingmao, a descendant of Hua Wang, moved here from Luxi and became the ancestor of the Wang family in Chawan. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Biao, Wang Qin and Wang Weixiao's grandparents and grandchildren joined the Central Scholars and became central and local officials. Chawan entered its heyday and was known as the "Kejia Family". From being an official to showing one's ancestors, from prospering one's family to gaining a noble family, from widely buying land and buying slaves to build a manor, there are 3, lang households and 8 Jia Zhuang servants serving Wang's family, so there is a proverb of "3, lang households and 8 Zhuang". There are 4 ancestral temples in the village, 3 archways, 1 pair of white marble lions, 6 academies (Baishi Lecture Hall, Jiaotan Academy, Diefeng Academy, Shitan Academy, Sanxiu Hall, Bookstore, and Hebi Family School), and there are still 8 scenic spots (Jin Feng Songxiu, Shibi Gu Song, Shuangxi Fishing, Zhichao Fish Watching, Jiaotan Printing Moon, Bookstore Writing, Luoxing Huilang, Hebi Family School).

2. Luxi Village

Luxi Village is located at the intersection of the Changjiang River and the Chawan River. The excellent water dock has created a job opportunity for Luxi Village, which used to have few fields. More than 3 boats ran to the dock, and the porcelain clay, kiln firewood, tea and wood from Qimen flowed down to Jingdezhen, Poyang Lake, the Yangtze River and all parts of the country, and salt and wood from all over the country. Therefore, Luxi Wharf is full of merchants and shops, and it has the title of "little shanghai" in Qimen South Township. In the old local saying, it means "there is no Luxi that cannot be sold, and there is no Luxi that cannot be bought". In the village, there is the "Justice Hall" of Wang's ancestral hall, which was built for the Justice Office. It is three-step and magnificent, but it was destroyed by fire. On its left, there is a slightly smaller "Yanzhengtang", which is said to have been built by Justice Gong for his little mistake and has been well preserved so far. There is an ancient well in the southeast of the village, which does not dry in the year of drought and does not overflow in the year of flood. The water level is the same all the year round, which is very spiritual. According to legend, whenever there is a drought, as long as the well water is drained and "changed", God will pour showers.

3. Qikou

Qikou is also one of the ancient villages in Luxi. Its Zheng ancestral hall is called "One Hall". It was built in the period of Gengshen, facing west and facing east, with seven bays, representing the seven branches of Zheng. Locals say that it is seven beams crossing the river, which is unique in Qimen. To the south of "Yi Ben Tang", there is a Zheng branch temple in Hexi, also known as the temple house. There are 1 inscriptions in the wall, which are inscriptions for a group of scholars. They are made of red stone and engraved in regular script, about 19 cm long and about 54 cm high. The monument was erected in Qianlong for 55 years, including Jiaqing for 24 years, Tongzhi for the first year, Daoguang for 25 years and Xianfeng for three years, which lasted for more than 7 years, reflecting the good moral character of Zheng's respect for teachers and education.

IV. Ancient and famous trees

Ancient and famous trees are symbols of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, green cultural relics and living fossils, and priceless treasures left by nature and predecessors. According to the investigation of Luxi Forestry Station, there are 11 ancient and famous trees such as Cinnamomum camphora, Taxus mairei, Liquidambar formosana, Ginkgo biloba and Osmanthus fragrans in Luxi. There is also a group of ancient trees at the mouth of Jingwu at the bottom of Zhangcun Village. In addition, the Feng Shui forest and Shuikou forest in other village groups also have high ornamental value, such as the Feng Shui forest in Bitao and Shuikou forest in Luocun.

v. ancha's craft and culture

ancha, a famous traditional craft tea, is a semi-fermented pressed tea between black tea and green tea, which is called soft-branch tea by the people. Soft-branch tea has been recorded in the Records of Qi Lang in Yongle of Ming Dynasty. Ancha is produced in Luxi, southern Anhui Province, where two rivers meet and three mountains surround it. The tea gardens are mostly continental, with rich and deep soil, lush bamboo and trees, rippling water waves and misty clouds, which provides a unique ecological environment for ancha's production. Ancha has fine material selection, unique technology, exquisite production and excellent quality. After picking the new tea and withering it, knead it a little, steam it for nine times and expose it in the sun for nine times, then press it into a bamboo basket and put it in a drying cabinet for drying, and the tea will condense into an oval block. Its rope is strong and uniform, its color is black, brown and oily, and it has the fragrance of betel nut and Indocalamus leaves, and the more mellow it is, the more fragrant it is. When brewing, the soup is clear in color, refreshing and mellow, and sweet in taste. It is not only a good drink, but also has high medicinal value. This tea is often used as a guide in Lingnan traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and is praised as "holy tea" and "elixir" for treating diseases by Guangdong, Guangxi and Southeast Asian countries. Modern pharmacological analysis shows that ancha contains polyphenols, which can clear away heat and stop bleeding, reduce swelling, quench thirst, promote fluid production, eliminate phlegm and ward off evil spirits, and prolong life and refresh people. In 1988 and 1992, it was rated as high-quality special tea in Anhui Province twice. In 1992, it was awarded the tea quality certificate of the Ministry of Agriculture.

VI. Red Tourism Culture

Luxi was once the seat of the underground traffic station, central branch, Luxi District Committee, Qimen County Committee and Soviet government of the Party. After liberation, 21 natural villages, including Niubaoshi, Nanxi, Qikou, Zhoucun, Liwu, Quwu, Daohu, Zhongzhou Mountain, Dianbu Beach, Luxi, Chengcun, Zhangcun, Qixi, Bitao, Luocun, Jieshang, Chawan, Zhonggang, Shangtian, Mingtan and Songjiashan, were all identified by the people's government.

On October 3, 1934, the Red Tenth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army went to Chawan for a rest. On the east wall of the gate of farmer Zheng Fujing's house, two propaganda slogans were written: First, "Farmers get up and organize red farmers' associations! Only the Soviet Union can save the country! The Red Army is the workers and peasants' own army! Farmers get up and fight local tyrants to divide the fields! Workers get up and form a red trade union! Workers practice an eight-hour working system! Workers get up and raise their wages! □□ Get up and fight local tyrants and divide the fields! Carry out the agrarian revolution! The red army of workers and peasants went north to fight against the advance team. " Second, "Welcome the White Army brothers to come and be the Red Army with guns. Brothers are all workers and peasants. Don't use guns to fight the Red Army of workers and peasants! Welcome peace preservation corps soldiers to be Red Army! The Red Army of Workers and Peasants went north to the Anti-Japanese Advance Team ". The slogan is calligraphy, and it is now a key cultural relics protection unit in the county.