Does it need to prevent lung cancer to detect lung nodules? How to prevent lung cancer?

What is a pulmonary nodule? Pulmonary nodule is an imaging concept, which refers to the focal, round-like, dense solid or sub-solid lung shadow with a diameter less than or equal to ≤3 cm on chest CT. Micronodules with a diameter less than 5 mm and small nodules with a diameter of 5-10 mm. Pulmonary nodules can be isolated or multiple, usually without atelectasis, hilar lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion.

Pulmonary nodules include benign and malignant lesions. Benign pulmonary nodules can be inflammatory nodules, calcified nodules, pulmonary tuberculosis nodules, pulmonary hamartoma, inflammatory pseudotumor, hemangioma, etc., which are sometimes difficult to distinguish from lung cancer. Malignant nodules usually refer to lung cancer.

Is the lung nodule serious?

There is no need to worry about benign nodules, which have basically no effect on the body. However, some pulmonary nodules may be malignant and need to be paid enough attention. But when the nodule is too small, there is no way to judge whether the nodule is benign or malignant. The only way is to follow up, that is, to review chest CT regularly. First evaluate whether there are high-risk factors. The high risk factors are those who are over 40 years old and meet one of the following conditions: ① long-term smoking (one pack a day for more than 20 years); ② The smoking cessation time is less than 15 years;

(3) Have a history of exposure to industrial dust, asbestos and radioactive substances; ④ Have a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diffuse pulmonary fibrosis or previous tuberculosis; ⑤ Family history of cancer or lung cancer. For 8 mm nodules, the malignant probability was judged according to the external morphology and internal structure of nodules, and the follow-up time was determined. For example, low-risk 4-6mm, 12 months and low-risk 6-8mm nodules are followed up every 6 months. High-risk 6-8 mm nodules should be followed up every 3-6 months. Positron Emission Computed Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) is used to distinguish between benign and malignant 8 mm pulmonary nodules. If necessary, lung biopsy can confirm the pathology, and highly suspected malignant nodules can be surgically removed.

With the wide application of chest CT in physical examination, more and more people are diagnosed with pulmonary nodules. What is a pulmonary nodule? The diameter is specified, which refers to lesions with a diameter less than 3 cm, and also has the meaning of shape. Generally, it refers to spherical or punctate abnormal lesions different from normal lung tissue. Because of the high resolution of CT, nodules above 1mm can be reflected on CT. Therefore, many small pulmonary nodules that do not need to be worried have also attracted the attention of candidates. Some nodules here are benign and will not become malignant. They only need to be reexamined every 65,438+0-2 years.