Tips on natural disasters for kindergarten classes

1. How kindergarten teachers carry out disaster prevention and reduction activities

: Each kindergarten must at least ensure no less than one school-wide safety drill per period.

3. Regular educational activities, implement the "6."

; (5) The school issues a student holiday safety notice to parents at the end of each period; (6) The school issues An annual meeting for faculty and staff.

Topic: Talk about how to prevent terrorist activities as a kindergarten teacher. Question: Talk about how to prevent terrorist activities as a kindergarten teacher. Answer: Students prevent and combat terrorism. The communist methods include: Establishing a correct outlook on life, worldview and values, actively participating in the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, understanding the true intentions of terrorism, taking preventive measures, and staying away from terror. Pay attention to the topic: Which school has a "School Earthquake Emergency Plan"? Urgent methods: Organize and guide the popularization of earthquake prevention and earthquake resistance knowledge throughout the school, and conduct extensive self-rescue and mutual rescue training in earthquake disasters.

The earthquake prevention and disaster reduction leading group will communicate various orders and instructions through telephone calls, dictation, etc. .

2. In earthquake disaster relief emergency.

Topic: How to carry out a day's life as a kindergarten teacher? Answer: One-day activities for children in kindergarten classes refer to daily activities in kindergarten classes. All educational activities.

To fully implement a good curriculum plan, it depends on the high-level daily activities of the kindergarten class; the quality of life of a child in the kindergarten (class) every day depends on the class teacher. In short, the quality of children's day-to-day activities directly affects the quality of the day-to-day activities.

Topic: Kindergarten nursery staff's personal report method: Conducting secondary assistance lectures with county private kindergartens and organizing kindergarten early education classes. A parent salon event. 2. Be honest and honest.

Organize more than 2 disaster prevention and reduction safety evacuation drills every school year to improve the safety precautions and self-rescue of all teachers and students.

Topic: Why do teachers fail in their educational activities in kindergartens? Answer: First of all, no teacher can achieve 100% success. Occasionally, mistakes are inevitable; continuous failures should be taken seriously.

Education is related to the future of the country and children. Teachers should try to reduce mistakes. First, we must consider whether the teacher understands the students, teaching materials, and educational environment; we must also consider whether the educational methods and teaching methods are scientific.

Topic: Which kindergartens in Yuci have good teaching quality, teacher quality, and children’s food and accommodation?

Method: 4. In order to help children master some basic survival skills, our kindergarten has launched The "Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Mitigation Drill" activity was held. In order to ensure that the drill plan is safe and feasible, teachers in each class organized children to watch "Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter Talk about Safety in Spring" and conducted it with the children.

Topic: I am a kindergarten. Teacher, deputy class, main class likes to get good things from me.

Question: I am a kindergarten teacher, deputy class, and main class likes to get good things from me.

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Answer: Villain, her abilities are actually very poor. If you think about it a little more openly, no one else is a fool. Everyone will know sooner or later what their strength is.

2. Little knowledge on disaster prevention and reduction

Introduction to earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. I don’t know which aspect you are asking about. Earthquake disaster is the natural disaster that causes the most serious economic losses and the most casualties in the world. one.

In the current situation where earthquake prediction is still a worldwide problem, we must strengthen the study of earthquake science knowledge in order to master the correct earthquake avoidance and self-rescue and mutual rescue methods. When an earthquake occurs, the indoor triangular space formed after the house collapses is often a relatively safe place for people to survive.

Especially for people in buildings, they should choose kitchens, bathrooms and other spaces with small openings that are not easy to collapse, and places where strong furniture such as corners or tables can easily form triangular spaces to absorb shocks. In situations where there is no place to hide, such as a table, protect your head with a cushion or other objects.

Never jump off a building or use an elevator blindly. An old man who personally experienced the 8.5-magnitude Haiyuan earthquake in 1920 once introduced to people in detail the specific method of "lying down and waiting": "When you feel an earthquake in the house, you should quickly lie down under the edge of the kang, face down, and head Lean against the gable wall, with your arms intersecting in front of your chest, your right hand holding your left arm, and your right arm holding your right arm behind your back. The concave area above the bridge of your nose should be pillowed on your arms. Close your eyes and mouth, and breathe through your nose."

In outdoor situations, avoid dangerous places such as tall buildings, protect your head, and quickly run to an open space and squat down. When the earth shakes violently and people stand unsteadily, they will have the mentality of leaning on and grabbing something.

Most of the doorposts and walls around you will become objects of support. However, these things that look strong and sturdy are actually dangerous.

Be sure not to take shelter near cement prefabricated board walls, door pillars, etc. In busy streets and building areas, the most dangerous thing is that glass windows, billboards and other objects fall down and injure people. Therefore, be careful to protect your head with your hands or handbags.

In addition, people outdoors should try to stay away from high-voltage lines and toxic factories or facilities such as petrochemical, chemical, and gas. In the event of gas or poisonous gas leakage or fire, cover your mouth and nose with a wet hand towel, and crawl upwind against the wind.

In department stores, underground passages and other places with a large number of people, the most terrifying thing is chaos. Please follow the instructions of store staff and security personnel.

As far as earthquakes are concerned, underground passages are relatively safe. Even if a power outage occurs, emergency lights will come on immediately, so you need to act calmly.

In the event of an earthquake or fire, the elevator cannot be used. If you encounter an earthquake while taking the elevator, press all the buttons for each floor on the operating panel. Once it stops, leave the elevator quickly and evacuate after confirming safety.

Elevators in high-rise buildings and nearby buildings are equipped with devices to control their operation. When an earthquake occurs, they will automatically stop at the nearest floor. If you are locked in an elevator, you should contact the management office for help through the dedicated phone in the elevator.

Be sure to be aware of landslides, rockfalls or tsunamis. On mountain sides and steeply sloping areas, there is a risk of landslides and rockfalls, so you should quickly evacuate to a safe place.

On the coast, there is a risk of tsunamis. If an earthquake or tsunami warning is issued, please pay attention to the information broadcast on the radio, television, etc., and quickly evacuate to a safe place.

When evacuating, walk on foot and carry as few items as possible. When a fire caused by an earthquake spreads and burns, and life and personal safety are endangered, take evacuation measures.

In principle, the method of evacuation is to use citizen disaster prevention organizations, streets, etc. as units, and to evacuate on foot under the leadership of the person in charge and the police. The items carried should be minimal. Never use cars or bicycles to evacuate.

For the evacuation of patients and others, the cooperation and mutual assistance of local residents is indispensable. From usual times, it is necessary for neighbors to agree on evacuation methods in advance.

After an earthquake, people may face various difficulties. They must overcome fear and use correct methods to save themselves and survive. This is very necessary to reduce earthquake disasters and avoid new losses. If you cannot escape on your own, you must stay calm and protect yourself from new injuries. If you cannot escape temporarily, find ways to maintain your life, find food and water, conserve your energy, wait patiently, and try to contact the outside world. Do not cry loudly. , move reluctantly and try to rest with your eyes closed.

Time is life. After being rescued, we must actively participate in the post-earthquake rescue work, quickly expand the rescue team, and rescue more people. We must save those nearby first, save young and middle-aged people first, save those who are easy to save first, and save "lives" and "lives" first. Save "people" later; we must actively participate in maintaining social security and maintaining social stability.

When a major earthquake occurs, people are easily shaken psychologically. To prevent chaos, it is extremely important for everyone to act calmly and based on correct information.

Obtain correct information from portable radios, etc., and trust information received directly from disaster prevention agencies such as the police, police, and firefighting agencies. Never believe irresponsible rumors and do not act rashly. Students, when an earthquake occurs, as long as you follow the correct method, there will be no danger.

Sometimes, earthquakes are not as terrible as you think. There are still only a few catastrophic earthquakes that cause houses to collapse. As long as you deal with disasters calmly and calmly, you may be able to successfully avoid earthquakes.

3. What are the safety knowledge to prevent natural disasters and food hygiene

Natural disaster prevention guide: 1. Be prepared for wind; 2. Pay attention to the latest tropical depression news reported by the relevant media and relevant wind prevention notices; 3. Fasten doors, windows, hoardings, scaffoldings, temporary structures and other structures that are easily blown by the wind, and properly place outdoor items that are easily affected by tropical low pressure.

Defense guidelines: 1. Enter the windproof state, and it is recommended that kindergartens and nurseries close classes; 2. Close doors and windows tightly, residents in dangerous areas and dangerous buildings, and ships should go to shelters to take shelter from the wind, and notify outdoor activities at high altitudes, on the water, etc. Workers should stop working and workers in dangerous areas should evacuate; 3. Cut off neon signs and dangerous outdoor power supplies; 4. Stop open-air collective activities and evacuate people immediately; other blue warning signals are the same as those of typhoons. (Defense Guide: 1. Entering an emergency wind prevention state, it is recommended that primary and secondary schools suspend classes; 2. Residents should not go out at will, and ensure that the elderly and children stay at home in the safest place; 3. Relevant emergency response departments and rescue units should strengthen their duties and closely monitor the disaster situation , implement countermeasures; 4. Stop large-scale indoor explosions and evacuate people immediately; 5. Reinforce port facilities to prevent ships from anchoring, stranding and collision; other yellow warning signals of the same typhoon

Defense guidelines: 1. Entering a special emergency wind prevention state, it is recommended to suspend business and classes (except for special industries); 2. Personnel should stay in wind-proof and safe places as much as possible, and relevant emergency response departments and rescue units are ready to initiate rescue and emergency plans at any time; 3. Be the center of the typhoon The wind will decrease or remain stationary for a period of time as it passes. Remember that strong winds will blow suddenly, and you should stay in a safe place to take shelter; other orange warning signals are the same as typhoon. 2. Heavy rain warning signal. The heavy rain warning signal is divided into three levels, namely yellow, Orange and red indicate.

Provincial meteorological authorities in the northwest and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau regions can formulate heavy rain warning standards based on actual conditions and submit them to the China Meteorological Administration’s Disaster Forecasting and Mitigation Department for approval. Defense Guidelines: 1. Parents, students, Schools should pay special attention to weather changes and take defensive measures; 2. Cover items to be dried in the open air, and relevant units should carry out drainage and waterlogging prevention work in low-lying and flood-prone areas; 3. Drivers should pay attention to road water accumulation and traffic congestion to ensure safety ; 4. Check the drainage system of farmland and fish ponds and reduce the water level of fish ponds that are prone to flooding.

(Defense guidelines: 1. Suspend outdoor operations in open areas and stay indoors or in safe places to take shelter from rain as much as possible; 2. Relevant emergency response departments and rescue units should strengthen their duties, closely monitor the disaster situation, cut off dangerous outdoor power sources in low-lying areas, and implement response measures; 3. Traffic management departments should implement traffic guidance or control in waterlogged areas; 4. Transfer dangerous areas and Residents in dangerous buildings should seek shelter from the rain; other yellow warning signals are the same as those for heavy rain. (3) The meaning of the red rain warning signal is: the rainfall will reach more than 100 mm in 3 hours, or it has reached more than 100 mm and the rainfall may continue.

Defense guidelines: 1. People should stay in safe places, and people outdoors should immediately take shelter in a safe place; 2. Relevant emergency response departments and rescue units are ready to initiate rescue and emergency plans at any time; 3. There are already students and workers at school Schools, kindergartens and other relevant units should take special protective measures. Units in dangerous areas should suspend classes and operations, and immediately move to a safe place for temporary shelter; Others are the same as the orange warning signal for heavy rain. 3. High temperature warning signal High temperature warning signal points. Level two is represented by orange and red respectively.

Provincial meteorological authorities in arid areas can formulate high temperature early warning standards based on actual conditions and submit them to the China Meteorological Administration’s Forecasting and Disaster Mitigation Department for approval. (1) High temperature orange warning signal Meaning: The maximum temperature will rise above 37°C within 24 hours.

Defense guidelines: 1. Try to avoid outdoor activities during high temperature periods in the afternoon, provide guidance on heatstroke prevention and cooling for the elderly, weak, sick and young, and take necessary protective measures; 2. Relevant departments should pay attention to preventive factors Excessive power consumption, heavy loads on wires, transformers and other electrical equipment may cause fires; 3. Workers working outdoors or under high temperature conditions should take necessary protective measures; 4. Pay attention to work and rest schedules, ensure sleep, and prepare some commonly used supplies if necessary Heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs; 5. The media should strengthen the publicity of heatstroke prevention and cooling health care knowledge, and relevant departments and units should implement safeguard measures for heatstroke prevention and cooling. (2) High temperature red warning signal Meaning: The maximum temperature will rise above 40°C within 24 hours.

Defense guidelines: 1. Pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling, and try to reduce outdoor activities during the day; 2. Relevant departments should pay special attention to fire prevention; 3. It is recommended to stop outdoor open-air operations; other high-temperature orange warning signals are the same. 4. Cold wave early warning signals Cold wave early warning signals are divided into three levels, represented by blue, yellow, and orange respectively.

For the strong wind standards in the cold wave early warning standards, provincial meteorological authorities can formulate them according to the actual situation with reference to the following standards and submit them to the Forecasting and Disaster Mitigation Department of the China Meteorological Administration for approval. (1) The meaning of the cold wave blue warning signal: within 24 hours, the minimum temperature will drop by more than 8℃, the minimum temperature is less than or equal to 4℃, the average wind speed can reach more than level 6, or the gust can reach more than level 7; or it has dropped by more than 8℃, the minimum The temperature is less than or equal to 4℃, the average wind force reaches level 6 or above, or the gust reaches level 7 or above, and may continue.

Defense guidelines: 1. Personnel should pay attention to adding clothing to keep warm, and tropical crops and aquaculture species should take certain measures to prevent cold and wind; 2. Keep doors, windows, hoardings, scaffoldings, temporary structures, etc. easily accessible Tighten structures blown by strong winds, and properly place outdoor items that are susceptible to cold wave winds; 3. Ships should seek shelter from the wind, and notify outdoor workers at heights, on the water, etc. to stop operations; 4. Pay attention to relevant media reports on strong wind cooling The latest information in order to take further measures; 5. Prepare for cold wave and windy weather in production. (2) The meaning of the cold wave yellow warning signal: within 24 hours, the minimum temperature will drop by more than 12°C, the minimum temperature is less than or equal to 4°C, the average wind can reach more than level 6, or the gust reaches level 7 or more; or it has dropped by more than 12°C, and the minimum temperature has dropped by more than 12°C. Less than or equal to 4℃, the average wind force reaches level 6 or above, or the gust reaches level 7 or above, and may continue.

Defense guidelines: 1. Protect people (especially the elderly, weak and sick) from cold and wind; 2. Protect livestock and poultry from cold and wind, and protect tropical and subtropical fruits and related aquatic products and crops. Take measures to protect against cold and wind for other cultivated species; for other species, the same cold wave blue warning signal applies. (3) Cold wave orange warning signal Meaning: The lowest temperature will fall within 24 hours.

4. How to prevent accidental injuries to children in kindergarten

"Kindergarten Education Guidance Outline (Trial)" clearly states: "Teachers should protect children's lives and promote children's development Health is the top priority in education work. ”

However, in recent years, safety accidents in kindergartens have occurred from time to time. There are many reasons for these incidents, including reasons on the part of the children themselves, reasons on the teachers’ side, and reasons on the kindergarten facilities. Management reasons. So how to actively take effective measures to prevent, reduce or eliminate the occurrence of accidents among young children? Strengthen professional ethics education and improve faculty and staff’s awareness of responsibility 1. First, improve the daily safety system of kindergartens.

Such as "Children Pick-up and Drop-Off System", "One-day Safety Schedule System", "One-day Inspection System", "Guard System", "Safety Reward and Punishment System", "Lunchtime Duty System", "Outsiders Reception System", etc. It should be continuously improved and strictly implemented.

For example: when children enter the kindergarten, parents have to swipe their cards one-on-one to enter and deliver the children to the teacher in person; during the morning check-up, if they encounter a sick child who is taking medication, the teacher on duty must communicate with the parents and ask about the cause of the child's illness, dosage, and dosage of medication. Time, make a record, and ask for parents' signature; when leaving the kindergarten, parents must pick up their children with the card, and the teacher must hand-deliver the children to the parents; when outsiders visit, the permission and signature of the kindergarten director are required. Admission.

In addition, the park leaders should sign a safety responsibility letter with the faculty and staff at all levels, assigning responsibilities and responsibilities to each person, and awarding and punishing them according to the "Reward and Punishment System" formulated by the park. Safety work must use the binding force of the system to strengthen teachers' sense of responsibility and improve teachers' safety awareness.

2. Strengthen learning and improve safety theoretical knowledge. All staff meetings should be held regularly every semester to carefully study the "Kindergarten Education Guidance Outline (Trial)" and the "Professional Code of Ethics for Preschool Teachers", and frequently hold symposiums with monitors, teachers, and childcare workers to discuss the safety work of each class (such as: The hot and cold food during meals, the cooperation between teachers and childcare workers during activities, etc. should be studied, discussed together, summed up experience, and make daily safety work detailed and practical.

3. Strengthen safety work in daily activities. Our park has established a safety leadership group with the principal as the team leader and the logistics director, health doctor and class monitor as members. It conducts inspections on the safety work of each class, convenes safety meetings in a timely manner when problems are found, analyzes the causes of problems, and finds the root causes. , and draw lessons from it in future work.

For example, when the children were taking a nap, the duty leader went to each class to check the teachers' on-duty status and found that in one class, a child who was not sleeping had a small pointed screw in his mouth. Swallowing screws can have disastrous consequences. The leader on duty immediately severely criticized the teacher on duty, and then the kindergarten group held a safety emergency meeting to analyze the cause of the accident and the consequences of not discovering it in time.

The reasons are: the morning and afternoon inspections are not meticulous and in place, and the teachers on duty have poor supervision. In response to this incident, we have formulated the following measures: (1) Some children come late after the morning inspection, and they will be checked again before class.

(2) The midday inspection should be more detailed, carefully observe the mental outlook of the children, let the children take off the decorations on their bodies, and put them in a fixed place for centralized management by the teacher. (3) During the duty period, teachers on duty cannot read books, newspapers or do other things, let alone rest. They must strengthen inspections, promptly correct children's sleeping postures, cover children who are pushing quilts in time, and promptly remind children who like to wet the bed to abide by their schedules. The system is to never delay getting up at a certain time.

Use various forms to cultivate children’s safety awareness and self-care ability. As the saying goes: Self-care is worse than all kinds of care. The "Outline" clearly states: "It is necessary to "carry out safety, nutrition and health education closely in conjunction with children's lives, and improve children's self-protection awareness and ability."

Therefore, while teachers provide safety protection for children, they also teach children necessary safety knowledge, self-protection methods and skills through various forms of safety education activities, improve their self-protection abilities, and enable all children to The possibility of accidental injury is reduced to a minimum. 1. Cultivate children’s good living habits through regular education.

Provide positive education to young children in all aspects and activities of daily life, with specific and clear requirements to establish a good life order. When entering the park, do not bring any stray or dangerous items, such as small nails, knives, peanuts and other small items. Do not wear jewelry on your wrists or necks, and do not wear rope chains on your tops. Eat quietly, chew slowly, and do not joke when eating. ; Sleep in a correct posture when sleeping, do not bring clutter to the bed to play with, and do not sleep with anything; when walking, raise your head and chest, swing your hands back and forth naturally, learn to walk on the right, do not run hard, do not push or trip people; Participate During games and other activities, abide by game rules and collective discipline; walk to the right when going up and down stairs, hold the stairs firmly, and avoid crowding and pushing; move in an orderly manner when leaving the park, wait for parents, and return home safely, etc.

2. Seize the examples that happen around you to carry out safety education. Teachers should not only do a good job in regular education for young children, but also seize the examples around them to carry out safety education for children.

For example: children are lively and active, often playing in the classroom during recess, and bumps and bumps occur from time to time. Teachers promptly use examples around them to educate young children.

One day, Wanyu's child was playing with Niu Niu's child. Wanyu's mouth accidentally hit the edge of the table, and her lip was cut by a tooth. In the afternoon, the teacher used this example to organize a discussion among the children. What dangerous things happened in my class today? Why does this happen? What should we pay attention to in the classroom? Through discussions, the children realized that they are not allowed to run around or push others in the classroom. When someone walks away, they have to push the chair under the table, and they have to queue up to wash and use the toilet.

The children draw these things to pay attention to and post them on the wall to remind everyone to pay attention to safety at any time. 3. Provide safety education to young children in games. Games are children’s favorite activities and the best way for children to learn. Through various games, safety education content can be naturally integrated into them, and they can try to solve various problems in interesting and enjoyable games. Questions, so that children can gain methods and experience in disaster prevention, avoidance, escape, and self-rescue within their capabilities.

For example: What should I do if I am separated from my parents in the game of Doll's House? What should I do if my child is sick? What should I do if there is a power outage at home? What should you do if you see a fire? Let children remember their family members' phone numbers and learn to call 11O, 120, 119 and their family members' phone numbers to ask for help.

5. Handwritten newspaper content about natural disasters

"Natural disasters" are abnormal phenomena that occur in nature on which human beings depend. The harm caused by natural disasters to human society is often It's shocking.

Among them, there are sudden disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, mudslides, tsunamis, typhoons, and floods; there are also land subsidence, land desertification, drought, coastline changes, etc. that will gradually appear over a longer period of time. Gradual disasters; there are also environmental disasters caused by human activities such as changes in the ozone layer, water pollution, soil erosion, and acid rain. There are complex interconnections between these natural disasters and environmental damage.

It is a common theme of the international community that humans should understand the occurrence and development of these disasters from a scientific sense and minimize the harm they cause. Overview of natural disasters (natural disaster/natural hazard) Natural disasters refer to phenomena or a series of events such as casualties, property losses, social instability, and resource destruction caused by abnormal changes in nature.

Its formation must meet two conditions: first, there must be natural changes as the inducement, and second, there must be damaged people, property, and resources as the objects to bear the disaster. Natural variations on the earth include those induced by human activities. Natural disasters are bred in the earth's surface environment, which is composed of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

It occurs all the time and everywhere. When this mutation brings harm to human society, it constitutes a natural disaster. Because it has brought varying degrees of damage to human production and life, including the relationship between humans and nature through labor as the medium, and the related relationships between humans.

Disasters have a negative or destructive effect. Therefore, natural disasters are a manifestation of the contradiction between man and nature. They have both natural and social attributes. They are one of the most severe challenges that mankind has faced in the past, present and future.

Major sudden natural disasters around the world include: droughts, floods, typhoons, storm surges, freezing damage, hailstorms, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, mudslides, forest fires, agricultural and forestry pests and diseases, etc. There are many types of natural disasters in China.

Earthquakes, typhoons, heavy rains, floods, waterlogging, high temperatures, lightning, heavy fog, haze, mudslides, landslides, tsunamis, road ice, tornadoes, hail, blizzards, landslides, ground subsidence, sandstorms Etc., they happen every year across the country and in local areas, causing widespread damage or devastating blows to local areas.

Natural disasters are abnormal events in the evolution of the geographical environment, but they have become one of the most important natural factors hindering the development of human society.

The formation and development of natural disasters All kinds of events that harm animals and plants are generally called disasters. Throughout human history, we can see that there are two main reasons for disasters: one is natural variation, and the other is man-made influence.

Therefore, disasters caused by natural variability are usually called natural disasters, such as earthquakes, storms, and tsunamis; disasters caused by human influence are called man-made disasters, such as fires caused by humans. , traffic accidents and acid rain, etc. The process of natural disaster formation may be long or short, slow or urgent.

Some natural disasters, when the changes in disaster-causing factors exceed a certain intensity, will manifest themselves as disaster behaviors within days, hours or even minutes and seconds, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and floods. , hurricanes, storm surges, hail, snowstorms, heavy rains, etc. These disasters are called sudden natural disasters. Although droughts, crop and forest diseases, insect pests, and weed damage generally take a few months to cause disasters, the formation and end of the disaster are still relatively rapid and obvious, so they are also included in sudden natural disasters. .

In addition, there are also some natural disasters that gradually become disasters when the disaster-causing factors develop over a long period of time, such as land desertification, soil erosion, environmental degradation, etc. Such disasters usually take several years or more to develop. If it develops over a long period of time, it is called a slow-onset natural disaster. Many natural disasters, especially those with high levels and intensity, often trigger a series of other disasters to occur one after another. This phenomenon is called a disaster chain.

The earliest disaster in the disaster chain is called a primary disaster; the disaster induced by a primary disaster is called a secondary disaster. After the occurrence of natural disasters, the harmonious conditions for human survival are destroyed, which can also lead to a series of other disasters, which are generally called derivative disasters.

For example, after a severe drought, there is an extreme shortage of surface and shallow fresh water, forcing people to drink deep groundwater with high fluoride content, which leads to fluorosis. These are called derivative disasters. Of course, the process of disasters is often very complicated. Sometimes a disaster can be caused by several causes, or one cause of a disaster can cause several different disasters at the same time.

At this time, the determination of the disaster type must be based on the leading cause of the disaster and its main manifestations. The characteristics of natural disasters are sudden and unpredictable.

Natural disasters are often violent and extremely destructive. The duration may be long or short.

Disasters include many factors that can cause injuries and deaths, extensive property damage, and considerable chaos. The longer a disaster event lasts, the greater the threat to victims and the greater the impact of the event.

Another major characteristic that affects the severity of a disaster is whether people receive adequate warning. Natural disasters have many important characteristics. They are sudden, powerful, uncontrollable, cause destruction and chaos, are usually short-lived, have a low point, and can sometimes be predicted.

Effects of Natural Disasters Disasters affect behavior and mental health in many ways: ⑴ Disasters can cause substantial trauma and mental disorders; ⑵ Most of the pain disappears within one or two years after the disaster, and people Able to self-adjust; ⑶ Chronic mental disorders caused by disasters are very rare; ⑷ The overall impact of some disasters may be positive because it may increase social cohesion; ⑸ Disasters disrupt organizations, families, and individual lives. Natural disasters can cause stress, anxiety, depression, and other emotional and perceptual problems.

The timing of the effects and why some people don't adapt sooner remains unknown. After floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, and other natural disasters, victims exhibit thoughts of thoughts, anxiety, depression, and other emotional problems that can last up to a year.

A kind of lasting effect of an extreme disaster, called post-traumatic stress disorder, which is a persistent, unnecessary, uncontrollable thought of unrelated events after experiencing the trauma, and a strong avoidance of mentioning it. Event wishes, sleep.

6. Knowledge on natural disaster protection

1. How to organize personnel protection when strong wind strikes?

Before strong winds come, move to a safe area in time and avoid buildings, high-altitude facilities and other places that are prone to casualties. Do not take shelter from wind and rain in the above places; fix flower pots, etc. in time Construction companies must organize and stack construction equipment, tools, and materials to ensure safety. It is necessary to avoid walking on embankments and bridges near rivers, lakes and seas. Boats should return to the harbor to take shelter from the wind and anchor, people should go ashore to take shelter from the wind, and vehicles should avoid driving in strong winds.

2. How do people organize protection when a heavy rain hits?

In places prone to heavy rains, it is necessary to strengthen self-prevention awareness and move people to safe places. Heavy rain may cause water conservancy projects to fail. Once danger occurs, personnel must be moved to safe areas; once signs of geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides occur, evacuation work must be carried out in a timely manner.

3. How do people organize protection when a storm surge strikes?

Storm surges can easily destroy seawall embankments, culverts, wharves, revetments and other facilities. Before the typhoon comes, those who are in danger of planting outside the pond must move to a safe area in time.

4. How to organize protection before a flood strikes?

It is necessary to issue flood warnings to citizens through various channels and use all means of transportation to evacuate people.

5. How do residents organize protection when floods occur?

When floods rise, the power supply and gas must be cut off. Residents in low-lying areas must move to higher ground, and people in low-rise buildings must move to high-rise buildings. They can also climb trees and use floating objects to escape.