Personal safety precautions when working in winter

Preventing cold and winter safety has always been an important task in the production of railway enterprises. The "Technical Regulations" have clear requirements for cold protection work: first, to conduct cold protection training for relevant personnel, and to equip and distribute cold protection labor protection supplies according to regulations; second, to conduct cold protection inspection and refurbishment of railway technical equipment , and do a good job in bandaging pipelines; third, do a good job in anti-freeze and thawing of equipment and materials that are easy to freeze; fourth, reserve enough cold-proof winter materials, fuel and tools, maintain ice and snow removal machines and snow prevention equipment, and organize the removal of ice and snow. Ice and snow team.

1. Preparations to prevent personal injuries in winter

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(1) Prepare materials for winter protection

1. Prepare cold-proof and protective supplies in advance so that they are fully stocked and distributed to every employee in a timely manner, such as cold-proof clothing, cotton shoes, gloves, etc.

2. All production plants and crew apartments, waiting rooms, single dormitories and other places for work and rest must be renovated in advance to ensure that the cold-proof materials for doors and windows are complete and qualified, and thermal door curtains (quilts) are hung according to regulations to achieve good thermal insulation. Meet the standards.

3. For open-air cranes, escalators, lighting bridges in the workplace, pedals of shunting locomotives, and vehicle cleaning stations in the maintenance yard, all high-altitude work spaces must be bandaged in advance. Anti-slip measures.

4. The work and preparation sites for vehicle inspection, shunting, locomotives, passenger cars, etc. must be kept flat, with smooth roads, no water and ice, good and sufficient lighting, and safety warning signs set up in accordance with regulations.

5. Timely measures should be taken to remove snow and ice accumulated on the site after snowfall to prevent slips and falls.

(2) Requirements for inspection and repair of cold-proof equipment before winter

1. Where the use of coal stoves for heating is approved (including the use of stoves for heating in separate rooms), the stoves and air ducts must be installed correctly, and must be inspected and accepted by the relevant departments before they can be ignited and used after posting the certificate.

2. Newly installed or renovated atmospheric boiler soil heating must be designed and installed by qualified professionals, and the design drawings (for oil and gas boilers, relevant approval documents from the public security and fire department are required) are submitted to the relevant departments for review and filing before installation. The earth-heating heaters in use must be renovated and qualified every year by the unit's safety and technical equipment department, and the design drawings, safe operating procedures, anti-freeze, explosion-proof and other safety management systems must be posted in the boiler room as required. After the "certificate" is accepted, It can be used on fire.

3. Before winter begins, the unit's technical equipment and safety departments will organize comprehensive renovations and acceptance checks for normal pressure hot water and tea bath boilers. When installation, repair and modification are required, the relevant safety technical information and installation and repairman plans must be reviewed and filed by the relevant departments before construction can begin. After the installation, repair and modification are completed, it must be inspected and accepted by the relevant Haomen, and the special equipment testing center must be inspected and issued an inspection certificate, and the inspection certificate, safety operating procedures, safety control measures and emergency measures must be posted in the boiler room. Only after handling the contingency plan and safety management system can it be ignited for use.

4. Newly installed and overhauled pressure-bearing boilers must be inspected and accepted by relevant departments in accordance with regulations, obtain a boiler usage certificate, and post safety operating procedures, safety management systems, safety card control measures, abnormal emergency response procedures and plans and inspections in the boiler room. Only after obtaining the certificate can it be ignited and used.

5. For pressure-bearing boilers in use, each unit must carry out maintenance in advance, and pass the inspection by the Special Equipment Testing Center of the Railway Bureau. All safety accessories are complete and effective, the inspection is qualified, the function is good, and the safety measures are complete and complete before they can be used.

6. Cold-proof insulation and drainage work must be done for various pressure vessels and pressure pipes installed outdoors.

7. Add solid cold-proof covers to all work sites, trenches, wells, wind wells, pits, pools, etc.

2. Basic requirements for personal safety in winter operations

According to the characteristics and operating rules of winter operations, the policy of “safety first, prevention first, and comprehensive management” must be conscientiously implemented , all cadres and employees must meet the following requirements in winter:

(1) Relevant requirements before going to work in winter

1. It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol before going to work, and get enough rest to ensure that you are energetic and focused when working.

2. Protective equipment must be worn according to regulations before working. The cold-proof hat must have ear holes and the hole diameter is not less than 20 mm. It is prohibited to wear high heels, plastic-soled shoes and shoes with nails for work.

3. Before work, carefully check to confirm that the tools used and the equipment handed over are in good condition. It is strictly forbidden to use defective machines and tools. Strictly implement the job responsibility system and shift handover system. Listen carefully to the production plan arrangement and safety production precautions laid out by the work team leader before the shift. During the work, various rules and orders must be conscientiously implemented, unity and cooperation must be maintained, and close contact must be made. No guesswork is allowed and no joking is allowed.

(2) Safety requirements when working and walking on the station in winter

When working and walking on the station, it is prohibited to wear colored glasses, hats or hats that hinder vision and hearing. Other coverings, tie straw ropes to shoes or wear other non-slip shoes when there is ice to prevent slips and falls; pay attention to the movement of trains and rolling stock at all times, and pay special attention to neighbors when encountering wind, snow or fog. If there are any locomotives or vehicles on the line, you must stand in a proper position to prevent being injured by falling objects, tarpaulins, ropes, etc. It is strictly prohibited to walk on sleepers, track cores, and track surfaces, and it is strictly prohibited to walk under the train, at the end of the train, or on the platform. Sit and stand on the side, chat and rest, and take shelter from the wind and snow.

(3) Prevent gas poisoning when heating

1. When installing the stove chimney, a stove block should be set up around the stove, and the chimney should be installed smoothly and cannot be installed in reverse direction

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2. Heating stoves and their installation must be qualified and must have an inspection certificate before they can be used.

3. Houses that are occupied by people on duty at night and who use stoves for heating must have a wind scoop. Houses without wind scoops are not allowed to accommodate people.

4. The chimney and flue must be cleaned on a regular basis to prevent smoke from falling back, and it is strictly prohibited to open the door for heating.

(4) Safety matters that should be paid attention to when using various picks in winter

When using various picks for lifting, the site must be tidied up and the snow must be cleared before lifting. Install the wheel stopper, pad the wooden piers, find the center of gravity, the ground must be solid and reliable, the base should be placed smoothly and firmly, the pick body should be vertical, non-slip wooden pads should be added to the metal-to-metal contact parts, and the lifting height should not exceed 3% of the total length. /4 (or safety line) o When using multiple pickaxes on a lifting object at the same time, the lifting capacity of each pickaxe shall not be less than 1.2 times its calculated load. It must be directed by a dedicated person to balance the lifting and landing to prevent tilting. During the lifting process, the operator is not allowed to leave his post and any part of his body is not allowed to extend under the lifting object before the lifting object is properly padded.

3. Snow and ice removal operations in winter

Snow and ice removal work is an abnormal work. Due to bad weather and irregular operating hours, it brings serious hidden dangers to personal safety. Before the snow removal, the operators should formulate detailed safety measures according to the snow removal location, and formulate a walking route map and a map of the location of the train to be avoided. When encountering slippery areas, you should be vigilant and step firmly to prevent slipping and falling. The person in charge of snow and ice removal is responsible for safety education before snow removal.

1． In the event of a snow forecast, all snow removal preparations including personnel, equipment, communication equipment, and protective equipment must be made in advance.

2. Safety protection must be set up for snow removal operations on the line, including on-site protection personnel and station-based protection personnel at stations, both of which are indispensable, as shown in Figure 13-4.

3. Snow removal operations on the line must be organized and protected. Single-person snow removal is strictly prohibited. On-site snow removal must be carried out by at least three people, and a full-time protective personnel must be provided. Especially when clearing the remaining snow in the turnouts after snow, safety protection must be set up in strict accordance with regulations.

4. Before snow removal operations, each team must clearly identify the person in charge and designate a special person to take charge of safety protection work; when multiple operating groups are operating simultaneously in the turnout area of ??the station, on-site protection personnel can be set up at both ends of the operating group to be responsible for all operating personnel. safety protection.

5. Workers in the same group must go out and return together and strictly follow the prescribed route map. No single person is allowed to leave the group during the operation.

6. Station protection personnel must arrive at the station driving room before on-site workers. During the station protection period, they must carefully monitor the train passing and shunting operations, and promptly notify on-site protection personnel.

7. On-site protectors must carry protective equipment in accordance with regulations, arrive at the scene together with the workers, and promptly report the working location to the on-site protector, confirming that there are no vehicles before proceeding with snow removal operations; during the protection period, they must carefully monitor the radio station and receive reports of incoming vehicles. Inform the operating personnel promptly to avoid vehicles at the specified distance from the road,

8. Working teams using wind-powered or internal combustion snowplows must absolutely obey the instructions of the team leader or on-site protector and are not allowed to operate on the road without authorization. When working on the road, the regulations of one person and one machine for leash protection must be implemented to ensure the effective implementation of safety protection measures.

9. Snow removal workers must dress in accordance with regulations to ensure that their hearing and vision are not affected. It is strictly prohibited to wear one-piece hats or cold-proof hats without hearing holes. The size of the sound holes in cold-proof hats must comply with standards and be open. It is prohibited to wear spiked shoes with large hoods, plastic-soled shoes, high-heeled shoes and slippery shoes to prevent personal injury.

10. When snow removal personnel go up and down the road, they must count the number of people and register with the station protection officer.