How to write suggestions for cleaning the countryside?

Li Xiaohui, Agricultural and Industrial Affairs Office of Suining County Committee

The phenomenon of "dirty, messy and poor" rural environment is very prominent, which not only causes great harm to agricultural production and people's lives, but also has become a solution An important obstacle to the rural issues. Clean water sources, clean homes, and clean countryside (hereinafter referred to as "three cleans") are urgent.

1. The current basic status of the rural environment

Suining County is a major agricultural county, and the county’s agriculture has made great progress. However, the long-term predatory management of purely pursuing high output has resulted in agricultural Inadequate utilization of resources. With the transfer of urban pollution to rural areas, the absence of rural environmental management systems, lagging infrastructure construction and generally low farmers' environmental awareness, rural environmental problems have become more prominent. First, agricultural waste pollution is serious. More than 60% of the crop straw produced in the county every year is not effectively used, and more than 40% of livestock manure and sewage are directly discharged into water bodies without any treatment. Second, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has led to serious non-point source pollution. Currently, the annual application amount of chemical fertilizers in our county is about 80,000 tons, and the utilization rate is less than 40%, causing a lot of waste and directly polluting the environment. Third, industrial pollution continues to shift to rural areas. Small and medium-sized enterprises in many areas discharge "three wastes" beyond the standard, and environmental disputes caused by pollution accidents continue to increase. Fourth, environmental pollution caused by backward production and lifestyle is becoming increasingly serious. In vast rural areas, there are still phenomena of "sloppy sewage, random dumping of garbage, random piles of manure, and random running of livestock and poultry" in vast rural areas. The existence of a large number of the above problems is inconsistent with the goal of coordinating the coordinated development of urban and rural areas proposed by the central government, and is incompatible with the current situation of building a new socialist countryside and beautiful urban and rural activities in our province.

2. The importance and urgency of cleaning the countryside

Cleaning the countryside is the entry point and main content of accelerating rural development and building a new socialist countryside; it is the key to effectively solving the waste of agricultural resources. It is also an important way to solve the problem of rural environmental pollution; it is also the main method to transform the agricultural development mode, promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and build modern agriculture; it is an urgent need to coordinate urban and rural development and build an ecological county; it is a concrete manifestation of adhering to people-oriented and building a harmonious society. It is of great significance for advocating a civilized and healthy lifestyle, promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, economy and society, man and nature, and building a harmonious socialist society.

3. Contents of cleaning the countryside

1. Clean water sources. (1) Improve the quality of drinking water sources. Consolidate and expand the results of the ban on investment in water sources, and fundamentally change the problem of water sources in rivers, ditches and ponds being undrinkable and unusable. Increase financial investment in water resources protection, implement water source protection responsibilities, regularly publish monitoring results, strengthen water source protection assessment, and form a long-term mechanism for water source protection. Through three years of hard work, we strive to make more than 50% of rural water sources in the county meet Class II standards and eliminate all Class V water sources. The drinking water hygiene qualification rate of rural residents has reached more than 80%. (2) Improve water environment quality. The county's rural water environment has been significantly improved. Problems such as black and smelly water, blockage, pesticide bottles, and plastic garbage floating objects have been completely eliminated. The water quality has met the water quality standards of the surface water environment functional zone.

2. Clean the countryside. (1) Carry out special management of pesticides. Establish and improve the pesticide business license system, and implement a designated management and access registration management system for highly toxic pesticides. Establish and improve a real-name registration system for the purchase of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides. Purchasers must present valid identity documents to purchase medicines, and business units must register purchasers. All localities must effectively implement the "two systems" in place to standardize the approval of business units, make pesticide purchases real-name, informatize flow records, and make fixed-point management dynamic, and strive to achieve 100% information query and 100% flow direction visibility of highly toxic pesticide sales. Tracking, 100% quality guaranteed. (2) Focus on the prevention and control of pollution from livestock and poultry breeding. Initiate the adjustment of the layout of large-scale breeding farms to prevent the establishment of new types of breeding farms around market towns, along main roads, densely populated areas, and water resource protection areas. Those that have already been built must be gradually moved out. Eliminate open-air manure piles (pits) around villages, roads and water bodies, implement comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and effectively handle livestock and poultry breeding waste. (3) Actively promote resource-saving agricultural technologies and actively develop comprehensive utilization technologies for agricultural waste. Mainly water-saving technology, fertilizer-saving technology, pesticide-saving technology, straw comprehensive utilization technology and livestock and poultry manure treatment technology.

Villages are encouraged to build comprehensive property management stations, equipped with classified trash cans, build landfills, set up field waste collection areas, build domestic sewage purification areas, develop edible fungus cultivation, implement biogas enrichment projects, and develop circular agriculture.

3. Clean your home. Vigorously carry out non-point source control in rural areas, and gradually implement household collection, village collection, town transportation, cleaning and designated disposal of rural garbage, so that households have garbage bags, groups have garbage points, and towns have garbage trucks, and the garbage disposal system and treatment system in market towns are Facilities extend into the countryside. Villages, water bodies, and river banks are clean, with no exposed garbage, haphazard construction, or random piles. There are no floating objects on water surfaces such as rivers and ponds. Effective treatment of domestic sewage. Rivers, channels, and farmers’ houses are basically greened in front and behind them. The first is environmental purification. (1) "Three Cleanses and Three Reforms". That is, clearing ditches, clearing garbage, clearing roadblocks, improving water supply, improving toilets, and improving circles. The matching rate of "three improvements" has reached more than 90%. (2) Market town improvement. Carry out comprehensive rectification of environmental sanitation, illegal construction, temporary buildings, and road-occupied operations in market towns to ensure hygiene, standardization, cleanliness, and smooth flow. (3) Ecological construction. Promote clean energy such as biogas and solar energy, use pesticides and fertilizers rationally, recycle agricultural waste in a timely manner, restore the functions of rivers, ponds and ditches, and strictly prohibit the use of fertilizers for fish farming. (4) Advertising cleanup. Comprehensively clean up and standardize advertisements, banners, and slogans along the route, and eliminate problems such as random posting, hanging, and graffiti on walls, poles, and fences. (5) Garbage disposal. Improve the construction of supporting facilities for town-level garbage treatment plants and equip them with cleaning personnel to ensure daily garbage collection. The second is house beautification. (1) Remove the old ones. All illegally built houses will be demolished to ensure beautiful appearance and smooth roads. (2) Transformation. Add floors to houses that have not been completed for many years, and build isolation walls for old houses that cannot be renovated or in areas that are unsightly. (3) Build new ones. Actively guide farmers to build livable residences and try to unify architectural styles. The third is road hardening. (1) Group road. Mainly cement pavement, rational layout, all hardened. (2) Entrance road. Various forms of construction can be used to lay cement roads, or use local materials to pave the roads with strips of stones, bricks, etc., so as to connect households and roads. (3) Road maintenance. Strengthen road management and do a good job in daily maintenance to ensure that roads are clean, safe and smooth. The fourth is village greening. (1) Courtyard greening. Farmers with courtyards plant flowers, grass, green trees or bonsais in their courtyards to introduce greenery into their courtyards and homes. (2) Extensive greening. Iconic landscape green belts have been built at the main entrances and exits of the countryside, street trees have been planted on both sides of the main roads, and rivers, channels, and the front and back of farmers' houses are basically green. At the same time, we will strengthen the management and maintenance of green seedlings to ensure that there are no dead trees on the streets on both sides of major highways, and that seedlings in green spaces in market towns, streets, and public parks are pruned in a timely, clean and beautiful manner. The fifth is street lighting. (1) Street light installation. Energy-saving street lights should be installed in market towns and residential areas to improve lighting levels. (2) Pipeline management. Implement standardized management of various pipelines along the highway, and ensure that specialized personnel are responsible for maintenance to ensure pipeline safety.

4. Measures to clean up rural areas

Strengthen organizational leadership and coordination. Rural "three cleans" is a systematic project. Under the leadership of the county government, a joint meeting working system involving the agricultural office, development and reform commission, finance, construction, land, science and technology, agricultural committee, water conservancy, environmental protection, health and other departments must be established to participate in The member units of the joint meeting perform their respective duties, cooperate closely, and promote together. Each town must also strengthen the organization and coordination of this work, and the town (township) government is specifically responsible for organizing and implementing it. We must adhere to the principle of overall advancement and highlighting key points. Combined with the activities of improving urban and rural areas, we will focus on the construction of "three cleansing" projects, highlight the focus of cleaning projects along major highways, continue to cultivate models, sum up experience, and promote comprehensive progress from point to point. We must adhere to the principle of village-centered and territorial responsibility. Each village is the first responsible person for the "Three Cleanses" project in its jurisdiction, responsible for publicity and mobilization, organization and implementation, and promotion of implementation. It is necessary to improve safeguard measures, improve the management system, implement synchronized planning of centralized rectification and long-term management, and promote both symptomatic and fundamental treatments to promote the long-lasting and in-depth development of the "three cleans" project.

Strengthen financial security. It is necessary to broaden investment channels, guide the entry of social and financial funds, and gradually establish a fund-raising mechanism that is government-oriented, with farmer input as the main body, and all sectors of society jointly investing. While actively seeking support from the state, provinces and cities, we will coordinate and arrange various special funds related to agriculture to form a joint force to ensure the implementation of the "three cleans" in rural areas. We need to increase financial investment. A certain amount of special funds is set up every year to guide the smooth implementation of the "three cleansing" project. We must strive for social funds.

Through various channels and methods, strive for donations from departments, units and people in society to support the "Three Cleansing" project. Market-based financing models should be explored. The waste treatment and other aspects of the "Three Cleansing" project can be operated in the market through project contracting, bidding and naming rights.

Develop policy measures. It is necessary to study and formulate policies and measures that are conducive to the implementation of "three cleans" in rural areas, and formulate relevant policies that are conducive to promoting the creation of beautiful villages, rural environmental governance, comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste, organic food development, promotion and use of organic fertilizers, and assessment rewards and punishments, and promote Resource conservation and the construction of new countryside will guide the development of rural environmental protection infrastructure in the direction of diversifying investment entities.

Expand technical support. It is necessary to speed up the demonstration and promotion of existing scientific and technological achievements, focus on the research on decentralized treatment technology of rural domestic sewage, large-scale livestock and poultry breeding manure treatment and reuse technology, strengthen the training and introduction of rural scientific and technological personnel, create a good social atmosphere and employment mechanism, encourage science and technology personnel to participate in the rural well-off environmental protection action plan; intensify efforts to popularize rural environmental protection science.

Strengthen publicity and education. It is necessary to make full use of radio, television, newspapers, the Internet and other media to publicize the significance and main content of the implementation of the "Three Cleanups" in rural areas, raise the awareness of the broad masses of farmers to protect the rural ecological environment, guide the broad masses of farmers to consciously protect the rural ecological environment, and form a good living and consumption habits, mobilize and mobilize farmers to actively participate in the construction of "three cleans" in rural areas, promote ecological civilization and develop ecological culture by establishing and publicizing models.

Strengthen supervision and evaluation. It is necessary to establish a target responsibility system, include the implementation of rural "three cleans" in the comprehensive year-end performance assessment of each town, establish a system of regular inspections and irregular spot inspections, and implement monthly inspections, quarterly reports, half-year summaries, and year-end appraisals , focus on supervising the work progress, handling of key and difficult issues, etc., and announce the implementation status to the public; establish an evaluation and reward mechanism, use rewards instead of compensation, commend groups and individuals with outstanding work performance, and stimulate the public to participate in the "Three Cleanups" in rural areas enthusiasm to comprehensively promote the implementation of the "Three Cleanups" in rural areas.

5. Suggestions for cleaning up the countryside

The implementation of rural "three cleans" projects is an inevitable requirement for the further development of rural economy and society at this stage. It is also an important step to develop a circular economy and achieve sustainable agriculture. The basic project of development is a key project for building a harmonious society and building a new countryside. This project is in line with the people's conditions and responds to public opinion, and should be carried out unremittingly to achieve the expected results.

1. Raise awareness and regard the implementation of the "Three Cleansing" project as the starting point and foothold for implementing scientific development. The construction of the "Three Cleansing" project is a cause that integrates basic, social and public welfare. It is a cause that will benefit the present and have long-lasting achievements. The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to it. The Central Government Document No. 1 in 2010 clearly stated: implement the policy of promoting treatment through rewards, steadily promote comprehensive improvement of the rural environment, do a good job in garbage and sewage treatment, and improve the rural living environment. At present, the economic and social development of our county has entered a new stage of comprehensively upgrading the industrial level and accelerating economic transformation. This is both a period of development opportunities and a period of emerging contradictions. Due to unreasonable industrial structure, backward production methods and crude lifestyles, rural environmental pollution problems are very prominent, which will pose a serious challenge to sustainable development. All levels must fully understand the importance and urgency of environmental protection, and must pay equal attention to environmental protection and economic growth, and "do not owe new debts and pay more of old debts." It is necessary to strengthen publicity and education among farmers and improve their own understanding of the "three cleans" project. Actively strive for agricultural-related funds from the central, provincial and municipal finances, accelerate the construction of farmland water conservancy infrastructure, and improve agricultural production conditions; strengthen departmental collaboration, integrate agricultural-related project funds, exert a fund aggregation effect, and enhance the overall image of the project; attract local governments, enterprises, etc. Capital investment, encourage farmers to actively participate in investment and labor, and strive to achieve the goal of "clean fields, clean homes, clean water sources, and civilized rural customs" as soon as possible.

2. Adapt measures to local conditions, plan scientifically, and strengthen management. The "Three Cleansing" project integrates ecological agriculture, new energy technology, harmless waste treatment and other technologies, covering a wide range of areas and having high requirements. The implementation of the project must be based on the circular economy concept of "reduction, resource utilization, and reuse", with the goal of building a resource-saving and environment-friendly new countryside, and formulate a guiding mid- and long-term development plan for ecological environment construction. First, we must respect public opinion. Planning and design must meet the actual needs of local economic, social and humanistic development, and do not impose forced orders or apply mechanically; secondly, the right place must be selected.

The implementation of the project must be prioritized in natural villages with a high penetration rate of anaerobic biogas digesters, relatively concentrated population, large amounts of domestic sewage, and good village collective economic conditions; third, the technology must be properly controlled. For key construction projects that are highly technical and have high construction quality standards, professional and technical personnel must conduct unified planning, design, and construction; fourth, supervision and management must be strengthened. Formulate village rules and regulations to institutionally restrict and standardize villagers' production and living behaviors. Establish and improve rural property management service agencies. Village collectives and beneficiary farmers will invest in hiring cleaners to be responsible for the classified collection, unified transportation, and unified landfill of production and domestic waste, and to maintain the normal operation of engineering facilities.

3. Develop production, increase farmers’ income, and enhance the development potential of the “three cleans” project construction. The agricultural county is the largest county in our county at this stage. It is necessary to seize the opportunity of the country to continue to increase investment in agriculture and rural areas, strive for more national policy support, promote production development, increase farmers' income, and create conditions for the construction of the "three cleans" project. It is necessary to be based on local reality and market-oriented, speed up the pace of land transfer, expand the scale of agricultural industrialization, establish an advantageous brand with agricultural characteristics in our county, and ensure increased agricultural production and efficiency. Actively guide farmers to start their own businesses based on local resources and choose development projects with good market prospects, high benefits, and that do not damage the local ecology. All levels should provide preferential policies, provide technical support, and provide financial assistance to increase non-agricultural income of farmers' family operations. Actively carry out training on labor skills and knowledge of laws and regulations for migrant workers to increase farmers' labor income.