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English imperative sentence (imperative sentence)

Definition: sentences used to express orders, requests, suggestions, warnings, prohibitions, etc. Known as imperative sentences, they are most often used to express commands, so they are often called imperative sentences in school grammar.

Imperative sentences are usually omitted because the object (that is, the subject) is the second person. The verbs in imperative sentences are all simple present tense, and the end of the sentence is indicated by a period. Example:

Go wash your hands.

Go wash your hands. -command)

Be quiet,please. Please be quiet. )

Be quiet,please. -Request)

Be kind to our sister.

Be kind to your sisters. -Recommendation)

Watch your step.

Watch your step. -Warning)

Watch out! Danger!

(Be careful! Danger! -Strong warning, such as exclamation point)

Please don't trample on the lawn.

Don't mow the lawn. -Prohibited)

No parking.

(No parking. -Prohibited)

Imperative sentences usually express the subject "you" to make the other person sound softer, for example:

You tell him, Chris. Chris, you tell him. )

Second, the relevant password

Imperative sentences have no subject, and the subject you is often omitted;

The prototype of the verb is the predicate, so don't add negative changes at the beginning of the sentence;

Read aloud in a falling tone and mark the end of the sentence with an exclamation point.

Third, the form of expression.

● Front structure:

1.Do type (i.e. verb prototype (+object)+other components). Please sit down here. Please sit here.

Some imperative sentences can be omitted when the meaning is clear. This way, please Please go this way. This way, please

2.Be type (that is, Be+ predicative (noun or adjective)+other components). Be a good boy! Be a good boy!

3.Let type (that is, Let+ object+verb prototype+other components). Let me help you. Let me help you.

● Negative structure:

The negative expression of 1 Do and Be are both formed by adding don't at the beginning of a sentence. Such as: forget me! Don't forget me!

Don't be late for school! Don't be late for school!

2. There are two negative forms of "Let+ object+verb prototype+other components" and "let+object +not+ verb prototype+other components". Don't let him go. /Tell him not to go. Don't let him go.

3. some can start with no, which is used to express forbidden imperative sentences. No smoking! No smoking! No fishing! No fishing!

Exercise:

Translate the following Chinese into English.

1. Please take care of your bag. ___________________.

Let's go to school! ___________________!

3. Honey, cheer up! ___________________!

Don't put the book here. ___________________.

5. Don't let the cat in. ___________________.

Key:

1. Please take care of your bag. Get up early tomorrow.

Cheer up, dear. Don't put the book here.

5. Don't let the cat in

An imperative sentence headed by "let"

The imperative sentence headed by "let" is a common verb sentence pattern, and its main usage is as follows:

1. means "suggestion".

The "let" in this sentence pattern is followed by the first person pronoun object, such as:

(1) Let me try.

(2) Do it.

(3) Let me look for it.

This sentence is euphemistic and more polite than the direct imperative sentence. Compare (4)a and (4)b:

Don't disturb him.

B.let's not disturb him.

(a) It is a direct order, and its tone is strong, so it is not as gentle as (b).

2. Express "indirect orders" or "wishes".

The verb object in this sentence is a third-person noun or pronoun, such as:

Put Robert in charge of the marketing department.

Let her join our choir.

3. Express "warning", "contempt" and "threat".

The object in this imperative sentence is also dominated by the third person. In addition to the intense tone, sometimes with irony, such as:

Let him have a try, and he will expose that he can't work independently.

Let the invaders come, and our armed forces will destroy them at once.

When using the imperative sentence "let", we must pay attention to the following points:

First, there are two negative sentences of "let". If the object is the third person, use "Don't let ……" (see Example (9)); If the object is the first person, use "Let......not" (see the example (10)):

Don't let this happen again.

(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.

Second, "Let" only applies to the present tense and can have passive voice, such as:

(1 1) Let the recalcitrant criminals go to prison.

(12) Promote all the dedicated and capable employees.

Third, "Let" is followed by an infinitive without "to", or it can be some appropriate adverbs, such as out, in, down, alone, etc.

(13) Let the puppy out.

Open the window and let in fresh air.

(15) sunlight in the room. Put down the blinds.

Please leave me alone.

Fourth, when using "Let's", it includes the object of the speaker; When using "Let us", it does not include the other party, such as:

(17) Let's try, shall we?

(18) Let's do it ourselves, shall we?

It is not difficult to know from "Will we" in (17) and "Will you" in (18) that the former includes the hearer and the latter does not. Imperative sentences express requests, orders, suggestions and so on. Predicate verbs always use the original form. Sentences generally have no subject, and there is an exclamation point or a period at the end of the sentence, falling tone.

1 imperative sentence with second person subject

Be careful! Watch out!

Don't make such noise. Don't be so noisy.

1. Positive imperative sentence

A. sentence pattern: verb prototype ~. (omit the theme)

Stand up. Stand up.

Be quiet,please. Be quiet,please.

B. Sometimes, do can be added before verbs in order to strengthen the mood.

Please sit down.

Be sure to sit down.

Be sure to study hard.

You must study hard.

compare

Imperative and declarative sentences:

You sit down.

You sit down.

Imperative sentence:

Sit down. sit down

(omit your topic)

C. When expressing imperative sentences in a polite tone, please can be added at the beginning or end of the sentence, but if please is added at the end of the sentence, a comma must be added before please.

This way, please

This way, please.

D. If there are occupations in imperative sentences, they must be separated by commas and placed at the beginning or end of the sentence.

Li Ming, come here.

Li Ming, come here.

Come here, Li Ming.

Come here, Li Ming.

2. Negative imperative sentences

Sentence pattern: Don'' t+ verb prototype ~

Do not swim in the river.

Do not swim in the river.

Don't be late.

Please don't make any noise.

Please don't make noise.

pay attention to

"No+ noun/gerund" can also be used to indicate prohibition, especially slogans.

No smoking!

No smoking!

No parking!

No parking!

No entry!

No entry!

Don't litter!

No littering!

[Edit this paragraph] English imperative sentence pattern transformation

Rewrite imperative sentences and declarative sentences

1. imperative sentence = you must ... (declarative sentence)

Come here. Come here.

You have to come here.

You must come.

Don't do that again.

You can't do that again.

2. please+imperative sentence = do you want to (please) ~? (declarative sentence)

Please help me. Please help me.

Will you help me?

Will you help me?

Please come here on time. Please be here on time.

Would you please come here on time?

Would you please arrive on time?

3. Imperative sentences with first and third person subjects

Let's say goodbye here.

Let's say goodbye here.

Don't let him do that again.

Don't let him do that again. .

1. Positive imperative sentence

Sentence pattern: let+ first person (me, us) ~.

Let+ third person pronoun (objective: he, she, it, them) or noun ~.

Let's go at once.

Let's start at once.

Let me try that one more time.

Let me try that one more time.

Let Tom go there by himself.

Let Tom go there by himself.

pay attention to

Let's include each other and let's not include each other. It is most obvious when using interrogative sentences.

Let's go, shall we?

Let's go, shall we?

Let's go, shall we?

Let's go, shall we?

(Ask for the other party's opinion)

2. Negative imperative sentences

Sentence pattern: let's (us, me)+not+ verb prototype ~

Don't let+third person pronoun or noun+verb prototype accusative.

Let's not say anything about it.

Let's not say anything.

Don't let them play with fire.

Don't let them play with fire.

Sentence pattern conversion

Imperative sentences are sometimes equivalent to a conditional adverbial clause guided by "if".

Imperative sentence: Use your head and you will find a way.

Conditional sentence: If you use your head, you will find a way.

pay attention to

Answer the question of let' s ~ with Yes, let 's.no, let's not.

The method of transforming imperative sentences into interrogative sentences;

The form of interrogative sentence after imperative sentence

A, Let's means that the speaker makes suggestions to the other party, the subject of short questions is expressed by we, and the questions are expressed by shall we or shan't we, for example, shall we have a cup of tea?

B, let me or let us show that the listener makes a request. The question is whether you are willing or not.

Give me a break, will you?

C, you can add a short question after other imperative sentences to make the tone more polite.

Take a break, okay?

Stand up, will you?