How to Effectively Implement Occupational Hazards Assessment in Workplace

4.4. 1 The intensity or concentration of occupational hazard factors shall meet the national occupational health standards.

Occupational exposure limits is the exposure limit of occupational hazard factors, which refers to the long-term repetition of workers in the process of occupational activities.

Exposure, the allowable exposure level that does not have harmful effects on the health of the vast majority of contacts, the intensity of occupational hazard factors or

The concentration shall meet the requirements of GBZ 2. 1 and GBZ 2.2.

4.4.2 Reasonable production layout

The production layout shall comply with the provisions of GBZ 1, consider mechanization, automation and remote operation as much as possible, and strengthen sealing and avoidance.

Direct operation. And corresponding protective measures should be taken in combination with the production process. The production layout should include the overall layout and production of the workshop.

Layout of process equipment.

The overall layout includes plane layout and vertical layout. When arranging a factory or workshop, we should focus on meeting the needs of the main body.

Under the premise of engineering needs, facilities with serious pollution hazards should be kept away from pollution-free facilities, high-noise workshops and low-noise workshops.

Separate the hot processing workshop from the cold processing workshop, the dust production workshop from the poison production workshop, and set them in the production post.

A certain health protection green belt shall be set between the workshop with occupational diseases and other workshops and living quarters. The workshop is a multi-storey building.

In the layout direction, production operations that release heat and harmful gases should be arranged at the top of the building; Equipment with high noise and vibration

Should be placed at the bottom; The waste water discharge pipeline containing volatile gas and steam cannot pass through the instrument control room and lounge.

Under the floor of the room.

The layout of production process equipment in the workshop should focus on dustproof, antivirus, heatstroke prevention, cold prevention, noise prevention and vibration prevention.

Requirements for protection against ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation, etc.

4.4.3 Separation of hazardous and harmless operations

In the workplace where dust and toxic substances are produced, the layout of its sources should meet the following requirements: disperse different toxic substances.

When the production process is arranged in the same building, high toxic operation should be separated from low toxic operation, and non-toxic operation should be separated from toxic operation.

Homework should be separated; Dust and poison sources should be arranged at the downwind side of natural ventilation in the workplace; E.g. arranged in multiple layers.

When in a building, the production process of escaping harmful gases should be arranged on the upper floor of the building. If you must arrange it on the lower floor, you should come.

Take effective measures to prevent upper air pollution.

Non-toxic operations and toxic operations can transport toxic operations through seals and pipelines, or limit toxic operations to

Independent operation room, and exhaust toxic gases by ventilation and purification.

4.4.4 In toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur, alarm devices should be set up.

Toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur refer to toxic, corrosive and irritating substances that may be produced.

Workplaces that cause acute harm to workers' lives and health, such as the leakage of sexual substances.

Toxic and harmful substances that may cause acute occupational injuries refer to substances with high acute toxicity, strong irritation and/or danger.

Harmful, or short-term contact may cause irritation, chronic or irreversible tissue damage, and the anesthetic effect is enough to increase.

Possible accidental injuries affect the ability to save eyes and reduce work efficiency. For the determination of specific toxic and harmful substances, refer to Toxic.

The article directory and GBZ2. 1.

The above-mentioned alarm devices must be verified by relevant departments, and corresponding systems shall be established, with responsibilities in place and special personnel in charge.

Pre-shift and regular inspection, timely maintenance, to ensure that the alarm device can work normally.

4.4.5 Toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur should be equipped with on-site first aid supplies.

On-site first-aid articles include personal occupational protection articles used by first-aid personnel in the event of an accident, such as air respirator.

Fully enclosed chemical protective clothing, protective gloves, protective shoes and boots, etc. And the first aid supplies needed to save the rescued, such as being a man.

One-way valve protective mask, on-site hemostatic supplies, heatstroke prevention and cooling supplies and oxygen supplier needed by workers for breathing can be equipped according to special needs.

Emergency ambulance, small protective medicine box, etc.

The configuration of first aid supplies should be based on the needs of on-site protection, and the production conditions and chemicals should be considered under the guidance of professionals.

Physical and chemical properties and dosage. First aid supplies should be stored in or near the workshop. In case of an accident, they should be put in the workshop.

10 second. Warning signs should be placed in an eye-catching position in the storage place of first aid supplies to ensure that the staff know. Labor should be created.

Learners master how to use first aid supplies.

The above-mentioned on-site first-aid supplies should be safe and effective, and a corresponding management system should be established, with responsibilities in place, special personnel in charge and daily inspections.

Check, maintain or update in time to ensure the safety and effectiveness of on-site first aid supplies.

4.4.6 Toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur should be equipped with washing equipment.

Washing equipment mainly refers to eye washer, running faucet and washing equipment, which may cause skin and mucous membrane or eye burns.

Workplaces with corrosive and irritating chemicals should be equipped with the above washing equipment, with special emphasis on the convenience of washing equipment.

In the event of an accident, workers can be flushed within 10 seconds. The water used for flushing toilets should be safe and secure.

This is running water. The place where washing equipment is set should be clearly marked, eye-catching and easy to find.

The above washing equipment should be used normally, and a corresponding management system should be established, with responsibilities in place and special personnel in charge.

Daily inspection and timely maintenance.

4.4.7 Emergency evacuation routes should be set up in toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur.

Emergency passages must be kept unobstructed, emergency lighting facilities should be set up, and obvious warning signs should be set up in eye-catching positions. Evacuation pass

The width of the road should be set as required. If vehicles and stretchers are needed, the width should ensure the smooth passage of vehicles and stretchers.

To establish a corresponding management system, the responsibility is in place, someone is in charge, regular inspection, to ensure the smooth flow of emergency channels.

4.4.8 Necessary safe-haven areas should be set up in toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur.

According to the production conditions, physical and chemical characteristics and the amount of chemicals used, consider the location, size and material selection of the risk mitigation area.

There should be no substances around the danger zone that may have flammable and explosive chemical reactions with toxic and harmful substances discharged into the danger zone.

The materials around the dangerous area should not react with dangerous substances, and the leaked substances and washing water should be included in the industrial wastewater treatment system.

Clear warning signs and Chinese warning instructions should be set in conspicuous positions around the risk mitigation area. Conventional risk mitigation should be done in Chinese.

The warning notes indicate the time of release of conventional risks, substances released by risks and precautions; An accident risk mitigation plan should be formulated, which clearly

Confirm the conditions of risk release, the issuer of risk release order, how to evacuate people during risk release, and the harmless treatment and elimination of risk release substances.

In addition to the danger of secondary accidents, corresponding management systems should be established to clarify the responsibilities of relevant personnel.

Daily management of risk removal to ensure that irrelevant personnel cannot enter the risk removal area.