Analyze the efficacy and supplement methods of DHA and probiotics.

"DHA and probiotics, one makes the baby smarter and the other makes the baby stronger!" Is it true?/You don't say. /You don't say.

Publicity efficacy of 0 1, DHA and probiotics

Will children become smarter if they eat more DHA?

The brain and retina development of fetus and baby need DHA, which really helps the brain development of fetus and baby. But obviously, children's IQ depends not only on DHA, but also on polyunsaturated fatty acids. If they eat too much, they will spend half a month. ...

At least so far, there is no evidence that the more children eat DHA, the smarter they become, and this intelligence is closely related to training and education. (Otherwise, what else to learn! Buy oil directly and eat QQ)

Probiotics can prevent constipation, reduce crying, treat allergies and improve immunity?

In fact, the role of most probiotic advertisements has not been confirmed by exact scientific research. Probiotic products will not help your child to improve constipation, reduce crying or shorten the duration of colds, nor will they enhance the body's resistance and treat allergies.

Do you need to supplement your child with probiotics? I'll talk about it later.

02. About DHA

1. Who needs DHA supplementation?

Appropriate intake during pregnancy and lactation: 200 mg per day.

"Experts' Understanding of DHA Supplement for Pregnant Women and Infants in China" holds that: "Maintaining an appropriate DHA level is conducive to improving pregnancy outcome, early neurological and visual development of infants, and may also be beneficial to improving postpartum depression, immune function and sleep patterns of infants. A reasonable diet helps pregnant women maintain DHA levels, which is beneficial to maternal and child health. "

The vernacular is: DHA is very important for both mother and baby!

Therefore, the Nutrition Society of China suggested that the daily intake of DHA for pregnant women and lactating women should be no less than 200mg, which is much higher than the current average intake of DHA+EPA for adults (data comes from the Survey of Nutrition and Health Status of Residents in China).

Suggestion: Give priority to food supplement! If you can't satisfy your diet, you can choose the appropriate dosage of supplements.

The Nutrition Society of China advises pregnant women and lactating mothers to consume DHA at least 200mg a day and eat 2-3 meals a week. More than 65,438+0 diets are high-fat marine fish, and they should eat 65,438+0 eggs every day to meet the DHA demand.

Suitable intake for baby: 100 mg per day (0-36 months).

Reasonable diet Breast milk is rich in DHA, which can meet the needs of children's nervous system development. Therefore, breast-fed full-term infants do not need DHA supplementation.

For babies fed with formula milk, try to choose formula milk powder containing DHA, in which DHA content should account for 0.2-0.5% of total fat. Under the premise of ensuring the milk quantity, there is no need to supplement it.

Children under 3 years old who add complementary food or stop drinking formula milk or breast milk after 6 months can meet their needs by adjusting their diet and eating some foods rich in DHA.

How to eat?

After starting to add complementary food, if there is a high frequency of DHA-rich foods in infant complementary food, and there is enough milk in breast milk or formula containing DHA, there is no need to add DHA supplements.

We can meet the demand of DHA by ensuring 1 egg every day, seafood 2-3 times a week and milk quantity every day. If the frequency of DHA-rich foods in infant complementary food is less, or the amount of milk is insufficient, DHA supplements can be used to supplement them.

2. How to supplement 2.DHA?

1, how to eat

DHA in the diet mainly comes from seafood. In addition, eggs also contain DHA, but the content is much lower than that of seafood.

The main sources of DHA in the diet are:

Fish and seafood: Spanish mackerel, salmon, sea bass, pomfret, small yellow croaker and saury; Shrimp, crab and shellfish; Kelp, seaweed, etc.

Vegetable oil: Flaxseed oil, perilla seed oil and walnut oil are rich in DHA precursor α -linolenic acid, which can be converted into DHA in vivo, but the conversion efficiency is not high, about 1%, so it is not as convenient and efficient as eating fish directly.

Others: nuts such as walnuts, flaxseed, chia seeds, etc. Egg yolk.

Suggestion: eat fish and shrimp 2-3 times a week; Diversification of edible oil can increase linseed oil and perilla seed oil; If you are allergic to fish and shrimp, you can choose a suitable dose of DHA supplement and eat walnuts in moderation.

2. How to choose supplements?

Although natural foods such as fish and algae are the best sources of DHA, if you don't like fish or can't eat these amounts of fish, you should consider taking supplements, whether during pregnancy, lactation or infancy.

3. How to choose products

Appropriate dosage

One of the keys to a suitable product is that the dosage of the product is appropriate, which makes it more convenient to eat. For example, for pregnant and lactating mothers, it is much more convenient to choose a single 200 mg DHA supplement than some dozens of mg drops. For infants under 3 years old, it is of course the most convenient to choose DHA supplement, and the unit measurement value is 100mg.

What brand is good?

As long as you don't buy any three-no products, I believe the quality of the products can be guaranteed, and there is no so-called risk of heavy metal pollution in fish oil, because the raw materials of supplements are all produced and processed, and the state has corresponding standards for this, so you don't need to worry. Therefore, it is enough to buy regular big brands through formal channels.

Fish oil or seaweed oil?

For infants, seaweed oil without EPA may be a more suitable choice. You can also choose fish oil with higher DHA content than EPA, or fish oil with only DHA.

In addition, there is no literature or research to support that EPA can lead to precocious puberty, but EPA is not necessary for infants and may also affect the synthesis of ARA, so it is not recommended to choose it.

03, about probiotics

If your baby is breast-fed, in fact, you have been giving him probiotics since birth, even before birth.

Under normal circumstances, a natural baby will get probiotics from the mother's birth canal during delivery; In addition, breast milk contains active Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium as the source of baby probiotics; In addition, in the process of breast-feeding, probiotics on the skin around the mother * * * and * * * will be eaten by the child. These probiotics will continue to multiply in the intestine, forming intestinal protective film.

Therefore, for naturally born and breast-fed children, we don't need to supplement probiotics in a healthy state. Similarly, healthy caesarean section babies and babies who drink formula milk do not need extra routine probiotics supplementation.

1, which bacteria are safe for infants under 1?

According to the latest announcement of the Health Planning Commission on 20 16, there are currently 7 kinds of bacteria that can be used in infant food, among which Lactobacillus acidophilus is only used for people over 1 year old. See the figure below:

Of course, if you buy a probiotic preparation, you need to pay attention to whether there are other ingredients that are not suitable for your baby, such as white sugar. As for when to use something, you need to choose according to your baby's actual situation.

2, why constipation, diarrhea eat probiotics sometimes can't see the effect?

If probiotics are needed to play a role, they must first eat the correct bacterial strains, and a sufficient number of "live bacteria" must reach the intestine to play a role. Can you ensure that your children have enough live "bacteria" on weekdays?

Furthermore, there is not enough research to support the efficacy of probiotics for constipation.

Probiotics are more effective for constipation, that is, various oligosaccharides, such as galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, inulin and so on. That is, dietary fiber may be more effective for constipation.

For diarrhea, different bacteria should be used for diarrhea caused by different reasons.

Therefore, the Clinical Practice Guide for Children with Acute Infectious Diarrhea in China suggests that probiotics should be used in the early treatment of acute viral diarrhea, but it is not recommended to be used alone for invasive bacterial infectious diarrhea.

Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus are strongly recommended for acute watery diarrhea. For antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Saccharomyces boulardii is recommended.

3. Probiotics are not recommended to be supplemented every day.

Probiotics are not recommended to be supplemented every day and can only be used under special circumstances.

Probiotics are not a panacea for all diseases. Different strains or strains have different functions and cannot be generalized.

At present, the international evidence that probiotics can treat acute gastroenteritis, prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea and hospital diarrhea, and prevent necrotizing colitis is relatively sufficient. There is some evidence that probiotics can prevent or treat other diseases, such as infantile abdominal pain, Helicobacter pylori infection, neurodermatitis and so on, but further research is needed.

Therefore, parents should not rush to the hospital, but there should be some probiotics anyway.

4. Is it ok to eat some probiotics?

Generally speaking, probiotics are safe for healthy people. However, if the baby itself is full of probiotics, it is easy to break the existing balance and cause the baby to get sick. As it is not very beneficial to healthy babies, it is not recommended to eat and play with nothing.

5. Where can I take probiotics in my life?

In fact, many common foods around us contain probiotics. Pickled foods such as breast milk, low-temperature pickled yogurt, cheese, lobster sauce, soy sauce, sauerkraut, etc. Are rich in probiotics, there is no need to supplement (but it is not recommended for babies to eat lobster sauce, soy sauce, sauerkraut and other foods).