Guiding opinions on carrying out the pilot work of cultivating new professional farmers by new professional farmers

Since the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture issued the "Pilot Work Plan for the Cultivation of New Professional Farmers", all localities have actively carried out the pilot work for the cultivation of new professional farmers, conducted effective exploration and achieved initial results. In order to further strengthen the guidance of the pilot work, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

First, deeply understand the importance and urgency of cultivating new professional farmers.

(A) to cultivate new professional farmers in the "three rural" work in a prominent position to be implemented. The transfer of rural labor force to towns and secondary and tertiary industries is an inevitable trend in the modernization process of China. At present, the relationship between supply and demand of agricultural labor force in China has entered a new stage in which the total surplus and structural and regional shortages coexist. The shortage of manpower in key farming hours, modern agriculture and new rural construction is becoming more and more common. 20 12 Document No.1 of the Central Committee focuses on agricultural science and technology, focuses on solving the problem of agricultural productivity development, and clearly puts forward to vigorously cultivate new professional farmers; 20 13 Document No.1 of the Central Committee highlighted the innovation of agricultural management system and mechanism, focused on improving agricultural production relations, and further emphasized the strengthening of agricultural vocational education and vocational training. New professional farmers are an important part of building a new type of agricultural management subject and an important force to develop modern agriculture and promote urban-rural integration. The key to further enhancing the vitality of agricultural and rural development lies in stimulating the vitality of farmers themselves. Vigorously cultivating new professional farmers will help farmers gradually fade out of their identity, accelerate the transformation of agricultural development mode, promote the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and accelerate the development of modern agriculture. We must simultaneously promote the process of farmers' professionalization. Agricultural departments at all levels should take cultivating new professional farmers as an important duty, actively strive for the attention and support of local governments and relevant departments, put them in a prominent position in the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, adhere to the principle of "government-led, farmers-oriented, demand-oriented and comprehensive support", take more effective measures to promote their implementation, cultivate and stabilize the team of modern agricultural producers and operators, and expand the main body of new production and operation.

(2) Accurately grasp the main types and connotation characteristics of new professional farmers. Judging from the basic management system in rural areas and the present situation and development trend of agricultural production and management in China, new professional farmers refer to modern agricultural employees who take agriculture as their occupation, have certain professional skills and mainly take agriculture as their income source. It mainly includes production and operation type, vocational skill type and social service type professional farmers. Production-oriented professional farmers refer to agricultural workers who take agriculture as their occupation, possess certain resources, have certain professional skills and have certain capital investment ability, and their income mainly comes from agriculture, mainly professional households, family farmers and farmers' cooperative leaders. Professional and skilled professional farmers refer to the agricultural labor force with certain professional skills, mainly agricultural workers and agricultural employees, who are engaged in agricultural labor operations stably in new production and business entities such as farmers' cooperatives, family farms, large professional households and agricultural enterprises, and take this as the main source of income. Socialized service-oriented professional farmers refer to agricultural socialized service personnel who are directly engaged in agricultural services before, during and after delivery in socialized service organizations or individuals, and take this as their main source of income and have corresponding service capabilities, mainly including rural information workers, rural brokers, agricultural machinery service personnel, unified prevention and control plant protection personnel, village animal epidemic prevention personnel and other agricultural socialized service personnel.

(three) to further clarify the objectives and tasks of the pilot work of cultivating new professional farmers. Cultivating new professional farmers is a basic and long-term work related to the development of agriculture, countryside and farmers, and it is a complex systematic project. It is necessary to do a good job in top-level design in combination with the actual situation, make bold experiments, and actively explore ways and means. The pilot work mainly includes three basic tasks. First, explore the construction of a system, including education and training system, certification management system and support policy system. Through the pilot, put forward the basic framework and specific content of the system, and strive to innovate in the system and make a breakthrough in policy. The second is to train and identify a group of new professional farmers. With the goal of "making more farmers become new professional farmers" and the direction of "producing more, better and safer agricultural products for the society", we will carry out systematic education and training for key targets and accelerate the training of a group of new professional farmers who are recognized and supportive in modern agricultural production and management. Each pilot county should strengthen education and training, focusing on production-oriented professional farmers, and ensure that 5-6,543,800 students will be trained in each county during the pilot period. The third is to establish an information management system. Establishing a new information management system for professional farmers is a basic work to implement dynamic management, conduct regular training, provide production and operation services and implement support policies. The pilot counties should put forward information collection categories according to the actual situation, and establish and improve the archives of new professional farmers.

Two, actively explore the construction of a new type of professional farmers education and training system.

(4) Establish a farmer education and training system. All pilot counties should thoroughly investigate the local agricultural labor force, focus on production-oriented professional farmers, and scientifically formulate education and training plans and organize their implementation according to the employment characteristics and ability and quality requirements of different types of new professional farmers. It is necessary to carry out agricultural system training or agricultural vocational education according to production and operation, professional skills and posts, and social services, rather than general universal training or simple "one thing, one training". It is necessary to respect the wishes of farmers, conform to the learning laws of agricultural farmers, and adopt flexible methods such as "local proximity" and "agronomy combination" to carry out education and training. It is necessary to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of education and training, strengthen the construction of curriculum system and teachers, innovate teaching methods and improve assessment methods. To establish a regular training system, all localities should focus on helping new professional farmers adapt to the adjustment of agricultural industrial policies, the progress of agricultural science and technology, the changes of agricultural products market and improving the level of agricultural production and operation, and clarify the main contents, methods, training institutions, funds input and safeguard measures of regular training, and establish a regular training system for all new professional farmers similar to continuing education for cadres and on-the-job training for employees.

(5) Actively explore ways to train agricultural successors. On the basis of doing a good job in the education and training of existing agricultural farmers, all localities should carry out the training of agricultural successors, study and formulate relevant policies and measures, attract graduates from agricultural colleges, especially secondary and higher agricultural vocational colleges to return to their hometowns to start businesses, support secondary and higher agricultural vocational colleges to recruit young people with aspirations in rural areas, especially large professional families, family farmers and cooperative leaders, and cultivate agricultural successors who love, understand and know agriculture. The pilot counties should take college students, young and middle-aged migrant workers and retired military personnel who have returned to their hometowns to start businesses in agriculture as the focus of current agricultural successor training and incorporate them into the education and training plan for new professional farmers.

(six) to build a new professional farmers education and training system. All localities should earnestly strengthen the construction of farmers' education and training system, and constantly improve the specialization and standardization level of new professional farmers' education and training. It is necessary to coordinate all kinds of education and training resources, speed up the construction and improvement of a new type of professional farmers' education and training system with specialized institutions such as agricultural radio and television schools and farmers' science and technology education and training centers as the main body, and extensive participation of middle and higher agricultural vocational colleges, agricultural technology extension service institutions, agricultural research institutes, agricultural universities, agricultural enterprises and farmers' cooperatives, so as to meet the multi-level, multi-form, wide coverage, regularization and institutionalization of new professional farmers' education and training needs.

Three, strengthen the identification and management of new professional farmers

(seven) to strengthen the understanding of the necessity of the management of new professional farmers. Carrying out the identification of new professional farmers and establishing a complete database and information management system are conducive to the overall cultivation and stability of new professional farmers and the implementation of supporting policies; It is conducive to the implementation of dynamic management, regular training and follow-up services, helping them improve their production and operation level and guiding them to better fulfill their responsibilities and obligations. Each pilot county should focus on the production and operation of professional farmers, study and formulate certification standards and management methods, and carry out certification management and information file establishment.

(eight) to clarify the basic principles of the identification and management of new professional farmers. The identification and management of new professional farmers is a policy-oriented work, and the following basic principles should be adhered to: First, the government-led principle. The people's government at or above the county level (including the county level) promulgated the measures for the administration of identification, and clearly identified the functional departments of management. The second is the principle of farmers' voluntary participation. Fully respect the wishes of farmers, and shall not force or restrict eligible farmers to participate in the identification, mainly through policies and publicity to guide and mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers. The third is the principle of dynamic management. It is necessary to establish a new exit mechanism for professional farmers. Those who no longer meet the requirements should quit according to regulations and procedures and no longer enjoy relevant support policies. The fourth is the principle of linking up with supporting policies. The existing or upcoming support policies must be inclined to the recognized new professional farmers to enhance the attractiveness and pertinence of the policies.

(nine) the main contents of the management measures for the identification of new professional farmers. In the identification management method, the identification conditions, identification standards, identification procedures, identification subjects, contractors and related responsibilities are clearly defined, and a dynamic management mechanism is established. Production-oriented professional farmers are the focus of label management. Based on the "five basic characteristics", the conditions and standards for recognition are determined by industry, taking into full consideration factors such as different industries, different regions and different productivity levels. Focus on three factors: first, taking agriculture as a profession, mainly from the aspects of professional ethics, agricultural labor time and main income sources; The second is education and training. According to China's national conditions, agricultural conditions and the requirements of building modern agriculture, we should consider accepting agricultural system training, agricultural vocational skills appraisal or agricultural education above secondary level as the basic recognition conditions; The third is the scale of production and operation, which is determined by taking family members as the main labor force and not lower than the income level of migrant workers, and is connected with the scale of production and operation determined by local supporting new production and operation entities.

Four, formulate and implement new professional farmers support policies.

(10) Strengthen research on supporting policies. This paper mainly studies the policies and measures to support the development of new professional farmers, including land circulation, agricultural infrastructure construction, financial credit, agricultural subsidies, agricultural insurance, social security and so on. It is necessary to tilt the existing, especially the newly-added policy of strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers and enriching farmers to new professional farmers, and form a clear and complete support policy system, which involves macro or higher-level support policies, and should put forward specific policy suggestions.

(eleven) the implementation of support policies. All pilot counties should implement the support policies for new professional farmers, especially the policies and measures for supporting large grain growers, family farmers, cooperative leaders, social service personnel and rural practical talents clearly defined in the No.1 Document of the Central Committee of 20 13, and implement the identified new professional farmers in detail, so as to ensure that grain production will not suffer losses and gain benefits. It is necessary to implement education and training funds by setting up special education and training programs or striving for agricultural vocational education funding policies. Sunshine project entrepreneurship training and vocational skills training in pilot counties mainly turned to cultivating new professional farmers.

Five, accelerate the cultivation of new professional farmers.

(12) Strengthen organizational leadership. Each pilot county should closely combine local conditions, and make systematic design and overall planning on the objectives, tasks, stage progress, policies and measures, organization and management of cultivating new professional farmers. The establishment of agriculture, finance, development and reform, education, human resources and social security, finance, insurance and other departments to participate in the pilot work leading group and the pilot work quarterly scheduling system, timely study and solve the difficulties and problems in the pilot work, coordinate and promote the pilot work. It is necessary to refine the pilot tasks, clarify the division of responsibilities, and strive to be included in the annual work objectives of relevant functional departments for assessment.

(thirteen) to speed up the progress of the pilot. It is necessary to speed up the pilot work, select a number of education and training targets as soon as possible, and carry out agricultural system training in combination with training projects such as Sunshine Project. In accordance with the accreditation standards, accelerate the accreditation of new professional farmers, implement corresponding support policies, and gradually develop and expand the ranks of new professional farmers to ensure the effectiveness of the pilot work.

(14) Strengthen summary and publicity. It is necessary to sum up good experiences and good practices in time, publicize good examples, create a good environment for the growth of new professional farmers, and accelerate the formation of a good pattern of cultivating new professional farmers with their own characteristics and steadily advancing.