Basic information about the Nanchang section of Ganjiang River

Since mining was banned in the Yangtze River in 2002, a large number of sand mining ships have poured into the Ganjiang River. For a time, the Nanchang section of the Ganjiang River was filled with thousands of sailboats, hundreds of companies competing for mining, and a chaotic and busy scene. The potential of collapse.

Sand dredgers have always been operating in the Ganjiang River section and have never stopped. Why have they posed such a great threat to the Ganjiang waterway and embankments in recent years, making people feel alarmed and uneasy? The first is the influx of a large number of sand dredgers; the second is the influx of sand dredgers with many powerful sand suction kings, and the power of one sand dredger is ten times or even dozens of times that of previous sand dredgers; the third is the Large-scale urban construction, high demand for sand and gravel, high prices, and high profits tend to make sand mining households ignore all violations and illegal mining, until it endangers the safety of the embankment; fourth, competition for mining leads to fighting and endangers social stability; fifth, the government's policy Laws and regulations and relevant management departments do not have mature and effective management and restriction mechanisms, and there are no effective means to manage sand mining in rivers, resulting in repeated prohibitions of illegal sand mining.

Therefore, river sand mining is no longer a simple production and operation activity, but a major event related to the safety of people's lives and property, social stability, and coordinated economic and social development. The management of river sand mining is not just a matter for a few administrative departments of the government, but a major matter that must attract the attention of governments at all levels and attract the attention, understanding and support of the whole society. To this end, in order to find out the root cause of the problem and explore effective management methods, we have carefully investigated the sand mining situation in the Nanchang section of the Ganjiang River over the years, and further discussed the management methods. The relevant situation is now reported as follows:

1. The evolution and current situation of sand mining in the Ganjiang River.

In February 2001, the Provincial People's Government issued a notice deciding to implement a complete ban on mining in the western section of the Yangtze River until February 24, 2004. Therefore, in early 2001, ships originally mining sand in the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake A large number of sand mining vessels poured into the Ganjiang River, resulting in a chaotic sand mining situation in the Ganjiang River. Only in the 13-kilometer stretch from the Ganjiang Bridge to Yangjiabai in the Yangzizhou North Branch of the Qingshan Lake District, the number of sand mining vessels once reached hundreds, endangering the safety of the embankment. The waterway is blocked and the safety of people's lives and property is threatened. The large influx of sand dredgers from Anhui, Hubei and other areas of the province cooperated with local "pumpers" and local sand bullies, triggering fights among local clans and underworld forces, and even bloodshed. Deep-seated social problems driven by the interests of river sand mining gradually emerged and evolved into complex social problems, bringing harm to local social stability.

At this time, the relevant government departments also attached great importance to it and took active actions to increase law enforcement. However, each department enforces its own laws, collects its own fees, and issues its own certificates based on its own respective positions and perspectives, focusing on its own responsibilities and powers, in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of its own department. There is no way to coordinate law enforcement among departments. This results in: First, sand mining households have to face multiple management, multiple license applications, and multiple charges, which are difficult to cope with and overwhelmed. They have to take risks, evade law enforcement, and use more covert and crazy methods to illegally mine, which increases the number of illegal mining operations. The difficulty of law enforcement by various law enforcement departments; second, sand mining households have also tried every means to take advantage of the loopholes caused by the lack of coordination among various departments, exploit loopholes, maneuver around, and avoid supervision; third, due to multi-party management, multiple charges are charged at will. The nature of the system was relatively large, which once caused confusion in management and charging, resulting in phenomena such as Shaba charging protection fees and village committees charging resource fees. Fourth, sand mining households use various means to corrupt and win over law enforcement personnel through various relationships, influence the law enforcement team, weaken the department's law enforcement efforts, and further cause confusion in management and supervision.

Faced with the problems and trends in the management of sand mining in the Ganjiang River, party committees and governments at all levels attach great importance to it. In order to further strengthen the management of sand mining in rivers in the province, standardize the order of sand mining in rivers, and in view of the problems existing in the management of sand mining in rivers in the province at that time, on the morning of July 16, 2002, Vice Governor Sun Yonghe presided over the "River Sand Mining in Jiangxi Province" "Sand Control and Rectification Work Conference" and issued the "Notice of the Jiangxi Provincial People's Government on Strengthening the Management of River Sand Mining", and decided to comprehensively carry out sand control and rectification activities from August 1, 2002 to October 13, 2002, and strictly implement Investigate and punish illegal sand mining and indiscriminate mining and excavation of river sand and gravel. On October 31, 2002, Nanchang City established a sand mining leading group, with Mayor Li Doluo as the leader, and Vice Mayors Dai Hewang and Liang Xiaokang as deputy leaders. The leading group has a sand mining office, which is specifically responsible for the unified organization and management of river sand mining.

In April 2003, the Municipal Sand Mining Office formulated the "Nanchang City Ganjiang River Sand Mining Management Measures" to delineate the mining areas, stipulate the number of mining vessels allowed in the mining areas, and clarify the "three unifications" management system (i.e. unified application of certificates, unified Charges, unified enforcement). On June 11, 2003, the Sand Extraction Office, led by the Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau and composed of personnel from transportation, land and water police, and water police, officially opened its offices. Nanchang County, Xinjian County, and Qingshan Lake District have also successively established river sand mining leading groups, with sand mining offices under them to take charge of the daily work of river sand mining in the county. The management of river sand mining has taken a big step towards institutionalization, standardization and legalization. However, since the city and county (district) sand mining offices have been centralized, the city's counties (districts) have not formed a unified sand mining management model. The newly-established county has adopted an annual allocation of 400,000 yuan from the county finance and entrusted the County Public Security Bureau Water Branch to implement a mandatory mining ban. management, forcing a large number of sand mining ships to enter the waters of Nanchang County and Qingshan Lake District; Nanchang County did not uniformly apply for sand mining licenses for sand mining households, but strengthened daily management and increased crackdowns and penalties on illegal sand mining activities; Qingshan County From June 2003 to June 2004, the Lake District adopted a method of uniformly applying for licenses and cracking down on illegal sand mining, and tried to standardize the management of river sand mining using a combination of blocking and dredging. However, in the end, a large number of illegal mining was attracted by "pumpers". sand ships, which made management more difficult and forced the company to announce a complete ban on mining in the waters under its jurisdiction on June 18, 2004. After more than a year of investigation and demonstration, and with the approval of the provincial and municipal water administrative departments, the Qingshan Lake District Government decided to lift the ban on the Ganjiang Yangzizhou No. 1 mining area and adopt a management model that combines blockage and dredging to strengthen management. On September 3, 2005, the Sand Extraction Office of Qingshan Lake District successfully conducted an auction of river sand mining rights for the No. 1 mining area of ??Yangzizhou in Qingshan Lake District, Ganjiang Province, which solved the problem of insufficient funds for river sand mining management. However, whether the post-auction management was sufficient As expected, it remains to be further tested in on-site management practice. Therefore, on the whole, the current situation of "prohibition without stopping, regulation without order" in the management of river sand mining in our city has not been completely changed, and hidden dangers to safety and stability in river sand mining still exist.

2. Problems existing in river sand mining management and the current embarrassing situation.

After several years of exploration, discussion and reform in the management of sand mining in the Ganjiang River, especially the operation of the municipal sand mining office, the implementation of the "three unifications" and the division of mining areas and prohibited mining areas, illegal sand mining has The number of ships has been greatly reduced, the situation of indiscriminate mining and excavation has improved, and the licensing procedures have been streamlined, making the examination and approval of licenses legal. The issuance of certificates beyond authority and indiscriminately has been effectively controlled, and fees have been unified and standardized. However, the contradictions in law enforcement and management are still prominent, there are many problems, and there have been many embarrassments:

First, the relevant departments actively Cooperation, full integration of all parties' forces for joint prevention and joint attack, and a comprehensive law enforcement and management mechanism that unifies responsibilities and rights are still far from perfect, making it difficult to carry out all-round and effective monitoring and crackdown on illegal sand mining.

First, since the municipal sand mining office was established and put into operation, the existing river sand mining management operation mechanism is only that the relevant administrative departments at the municipal level have unified the processing of certificates and fees, and achieved a relative balance in their respective interests. However, law enforcement management has not yet achieved overall unity. The departments involved in river sand mining management include water conservancy, maritime affairs, public security, navigation, transportation, land and other departments. It is difficult to form a joint force in law enforcement management among the relevant departments. Some departments only charge fees but do not enforce the law, and the tasks of daily law enforcement management mainly fall on Head of the water conservancy department. However, the power of water administration supervision and law enforcement is limited and it is difficult to unilaterally deal with a series of complex social problems caused by illegal sand mining.

Second, the current management and operation mechanism is that the municipal sand mining office manages sand mining in county (district) rivers through the guidance of each member unit to the county (district) counterpart department. Management is based on individual management, but the main role of county and township governments at all levels is not fully utilized and mobilized (sometimes it is difficult to unify matters that are unified in the municipal sand mining office in the county sand mining office). The difficulty in managing sand mining in rivers is not only reflected in the randomness of illegal sand mining. In comparison, organizers of illegal sand mining who do not appear in public are more destructive. Almost all illegal sand mining has a common feature, that is, illegal sand miners often collude with local evil forces or clan forces. The organizers of illegal sand mining are commonly known as "pumpers". They induce foreign sand mining vessels to carry out illegal sand mining, act as a "protective umbrella" and profit from it. These people are usually local gangsters, clan forces or people related to the illegal sand mining. These two forces are closely related and have a huge social network in the local area.

They are well-informed and cunning in organizing illegal sand mining. They are desperate for their own selfish interests and even endanger the safety of the flood control dikes and social stability. The local people were angry at their actions but dared not speak out. They also use unscrupulous means and spend a lot of money to win over and corrupt the weak-willed in the management and law enforcement team, so as to facilitate their illegal behavior. To deal with such people and solve such complex problems, we need to give full play to the comprehensive management functions of governments at all levels of county (district) and township, as well as the active cooperation of public security and other departments in law enforcement. However, the current law enforcement and management mechanism for sand mining in rivers is difficult to integrate the forces of all parties in the county (district) to achieve mass prevention and control.

Thirdly, in terms of current fee collection and distribution, most of the fees are used to coordinate and balance the interests of municipal administrative departments, and there is no tilt towards front-line on-site law enforcement management at the grassroots level, resulting in a serious shortage of front-line law enforcement funds and difficulty in Forming the role of a battle fortress, it is difficult to form a high-pressure and severe crackdown on river sand mining management. In order to eradicate illegal sand mining that endangers the safety of the embankment and crack down on the "behind-the-scenes forces" that endanger social stability, we must fully consider the strengths of the township-level government, local public security (police station) and other parties, and obtain their strong support. However, there are certain difficulties in achieving this with the current mechanism. First of all, the funding for law enforcement management cannot be solved. Most township-level governments are in financial difficulty, and the public security departments are short of funds for law enforcement, and they are unable to meet this joint funding. The existing unified charging and distribution system for river sand mining is: the municipal sand mining office charges a unified fee and then distributes it uniformly. For example, the charge for a 780-type sand mining pump is 15,380 yuan/month, of which the river sand mining management fee of the water conservancy department is 8,000 yuan. Yuan/vessel per month, the distribution ratio between the city and county (district) is 4:6, and the river sand mining law enforcement management fee allocated to the county (district) is 4,800 yuan/vessel per month. Judging from the situation in Qingshan Lake District, based on the normal sand mining period of eight months each year and the number of sand mining ships being limited to 6, the annual law enforcement funds allocated are 8 × 6 × 4800 = 230,400 yuan, which is not enough to sustain its own law enforcement expenses. For example, in 2004, mining was basically prohibited for the whole year. Law enforcement expenditures increased, but there were no license fees. The own law enforcement management expenditures could not be guaranteed. Therefore, it is unrealistic to adjust the fees for issuing certificates to cover the expenses of townships or public security departments. This requires the continuous improvement of a comprehensive law enforcement management mechanism that unifies responsibilities and rights.

Fourth, the existing management mechanism has a single source of law enforcement management funds, which cannot meet the needs of on-site management of river sand mining and is unable to implement long-term management of river sand mining. The current source of law enforcement funds is mainly provided by license fees and fines and forfeitures, and is allocated by multiple companies and withheld many times. The actual expenses used for front-line daily law enforcement and management are very limited, and it is even difficult to maintain daily expenses, let alone purchases. Necessary law enforcement equipment is required, and powerful means are adopted to deal with and deal with illegal sand mining vessels (for example, the inability to implement coercive means with strong deterrent effects such as tugboats and ship arrests), resulting in the embarrassment of insufficient law enforcement capabilities. Insufficient existing law enforcement capacity is one of the main factors restricting the management of river sand mining. The high profits from illegal sand mining have enabled many sand mining households to continuously increase their capital investment in sand mining vessels. Nowadays, most of the sand mining vessels in the Nanchang section of Ganjiang River are sand suction kings with a mining power of more than 780 horsepower. They can It takes more than an hour to quarry about 500 cubic meters of sand and gravel on a 1,000-ton sand transport vessel. It has strong maneuverability and fast speed. In comparison, the existing law enforcement equipment and law enforcement methods of the water administrative department are relatively backward. , it is difficult to adapt to the needs of the situation. Illegal sand mining vessels are not only equipped with advanced equipment, but also have strong anti-monitoring capabilities in response to the insufficient enforcement capabilities of law enforcement agencies. In the past, there were no law enforcement boats in the Qingshan Lake District, so they had to rent local fishing boats to enforce the law. However, the local "pumpers" resorted to threats, bribes and other methods, making it impossible for law enforcement officers to rent a boat. Sometimes they could only watch illegal sand mining without being able to do anything. Even with law enforcement ships, sand mining households are well aware that law enforcement funds cannot sustain the necessary regular patrols and strikes by law enforcement ships. They set up surveillance points on both sides of the Gan River to track and monitor law enforcement officers, and send people on duty 24 hours a day to monitor the docking of law enforcement ships. If there is any movement at the wharf, report the sand mining ship immediately. Since there is no funds to maintain regular patrols, law enforcement officers have no choice but to patrol the shore in their cars. After discovering the "target", they contact the law enforcement ship to investigate. In this way, by the time the law enforcement ship arrives, the sand mining ship has already disappeared without a trace. It is difficult to "catch" the fish if it disappears or stops mining at the shore.

Fifth, the Qingshan Lake District Sand Extraction Office obtained the approval from the provincial and municipal water conservancy departments and the district government to carry out the river sand mining rights of the No. 1 Yangzizhou Minable Area in Qingshan Lake District, Ganjiang River on September 9, 2005. The auction started with a starting price of 400,000 yuan, and was finally sold for 2 million yuan (in addition to the fees paid according to the unified charging standards of the municipal sand mining office). This auction received strong support from the provincial and municipal water conservancy departments, which favored the distribution policy. 80% of the auction proceeds were reserved for on-site management funds for sand mining in the Qingshan Lake channel. The Qingshan Lake District Sand Extraction Office has set up a special financial account for unified management to ensure that all sand is used for river sand mining management. However, as far as the city is concerned, it has not been fully promoted, nor has a complete market-oriented operation such as auctioning and bidding for the mineable areas been established. Unify mechanisms and systems. In addition, if a total mining ban is implemented in waters that are not suitable for mining, the source of funds for law enforcement and management will still be a major problem. In the past, part of the law enforcement funds were often obtained by punishing illegal sand mining vessels. In this way, over time, it is likely to be a situation where fines are used as escrow, and the management of river sand mining falls into a vicious cycle.

Second, there are blind spots in the construction of the legal system, which is not conducive to the formation of a high-pressure and severe crackdown on illegal sand mining.

First, due to various reasons, river sand mining management involves multiple departments, and each department carries out legal management from different perspectives (for example, the water conservancy department regulates river flooding and embankment safety according to the " Jiangxi Province River Management Regulations and other regulations carry out river management, and the land department manages sand and gravel resources from the perspective of mineral resources in accordance with the Mineral Resources Protection Law, etc.) This will inevitably cause difficulties in coordination among departments, and each will compete for power and profit for the interests of their own departments. , and the responsibility can be pushed or pushed, which affects the authority, seriousness and overall unity of management. However, there are currently no comprehensive laws and regulations on river sand mining management that unify and standardize the management of river sand mining.

Second, the current management of river sand mining is mainly led by the water conservancy department, such as planning mining areas, formulating river sand mining plans, implementing a licensing system for river sand mining, maintaining the order of river sand mining, and conducting daily operations. Management is the water conservancy department. The legal basis for the water conservancy department's management of river sand mining is mainly the "Jiangxi Province River Management Regulations", but the legal basis does not clearly clarify the main position of the water administrative department in the management of river sand mining, and no law clarifies which department It is the main body of river sand mining management. Because the main body is not clear, it causes many problems in actual management. For example, auctioning the mineable area is a trend in the development of market economy, but who organizes and implements the auction? The water conservancy department believes that the auction of the mineable area is an important part of river sand mining management, and the auction is for river sand mining rights, which is a way to grant river sand mining licenses. It should be organized and implemented by the water administrative department, and the land department It is believed that the auction of the mining area is essentially an auction of river sand resources, which must be organized and implemented by the land department. (Of course, this contradiction has also been controversial in the auction of Yangzizhou No. 1 mining area in Qingshan Lake District, but in the district government Under unified coordination, it was finally resolved by the district sand mining office). Therefore, the uncertainty of the competent authority brought many unnecessary difficulties to actual management. (This issue is clarified in the management of sand mining in the Yangtze River in Article 17 of the "Regulations on the Management of Sand Mining in the Yangtze River".)

Third, the use of market mechanisms to organize the issuance of sand mining licenses in accordance with the law is Sand mining management in rivers is a trend at this stage, but there is no legal title for the income from auctions.

Fourth, there are still some imperfections in details in the current laws and regulations on river management. For example, the characterization and punishment of "people with pumps" and the qualitative punishment of those who participate in illegal sand mining operations that endanger the safety of the embankment and behave badly are unclear; sand mining vessels that have not obtained a sand mining license do not evacuate designated waters as required, There are no clear penalties for failing to park in designated locations or moving without authorization. These are not conducive to strict law enforcement and provide opportunities for illegal sand miners, making it difficult for law enforcement to have a strong deterrent effect. In the past, city and county (district) water law enforcement brigade encountered many embarrassments when enforcing the law. For example: when illegal sand mining was discovered during law enforcement and those involved in illegal sand mining were captured and handed over to the public security organs for processing, they were unable to impose more severe legal sanctions and had to release them within 24 hours; "Pump Man" Organizing illegal sand mining boats to secretly excavate, providing protection, charging so-called "service fees", organizing personnel to interfere in every possible way, and obstructing law enforcement officers from normal law enforcement, which has brought many unstable factors, but it has been unable to effectively combat them.

Therefore, Yao has formed a high-pressure and severe crackdown on illegal sand mining, and must improve the blind spots and deficiencies in current laws and regulations.

Third, there is a lack of comprehensive, scientific and reliable exploration and demonstration work on the setting of sand mining areas, and there is a lack of accurate measurement methods for the total amount of recoverable sand resources in sand mining areas. In this regard, there is insufficient collaboration between the water conservancy, navigation, and maritime departments. There is no overall plan for long-term effective, law-based, orderly, virtuous cycle, and sustainable mining. As a result, the current management of sand mining in rivers and sand mining by sand mining households are short-term, random and blind. It must be solved through the continuous improvement of management mechanisms and laws and regulations.

Fourth, the law enforcement capacity building and system construction of the law enforcement team cannot fully adapt to the requirements of the river sand mining management situation. The supervision mechanism is not yet perfect, the legal consciousness and law enforcement quality of law enforcement personnel cannot meet the needs of fair and just law enforcement in accordance with the law, and the ability to resist corruption and prevent degeneration needs to be further strengthened. The work of publicity, education, popularizing the law, guiding the masses to know and abide by the law, and creating a good social environment for sand mining management needs to be done solidly and effectively.

3. Suggestions and Measures

According to the current situation and existing problems of sand mining in the Ganjiang River in our city, in order to ensure the flood control levees and social stability of our city, ensure that both levees are To ensure that river sand mining management is legalized, institutionalized, scientific, orderly, coordinated and sustainable, the following suggestions and measures are put forward:

(1) Governments at all levels Leaders should attach great importance to the management of river sand mining, and fully integrate the forces of all parties to establish an efficient and effective comprehensive law enforcement management system and mechanism that integrates responsibilities, rights, and interests in response to new situations and new problems that arise in river sand mining management. At present, administrative measures must be taken as soon as possible to solve the difficulties caused by imperfect laws and regulations to the management of river sand mining through continuous improvement of systems and mechanisms. First of all, we must give full play to the leading role of governments at all levels in the management of river sand mining, place the management of river sand mining in an equally important position as flood control and stability maintenance, and include the management of river sand mining in the important agenda of governments at all levels , implement the responsibility system of local administrative heads, and establish a top-down management and operation mechanism that focuses on blocks and combines strips to change the current situation of strip-based management to achieve the goal of "controlling land and water, comprehensive management" ; Secondly, under the leadership of the Municipal Sand Mining Leading Group, the specific operations of the Municipal Sand Mining Office adopt a combination of blocking and dredging. The city has established and continuously improved a game of chess using market operations to implement sunshine operation in the issuance of river sand mining licenses, truly Be "open, fair and impartial". Overall solution to the serious shortage of funds for law enforcement management. At the same time, the allocation system of law enforcement funds is tilted towards on-site law enforcement management; thirdly, the current self-financing situation of the water supervision and law enforcement team must be changed, making it a public institution with full financial funding. In this way, even if a comprehensive mining ban is implemented in the waters under the jurisdiction, the normal operation of the mining ban law enforcement management can be guaranteed and be conducive to fair law enforcement. If during the mining period, the price raised through market operation methods is subject to overall financial management, a certain proportion of it will be set aside as a river sand mining management fund to be used as management funds during the mining ban period. In this way, in general, the law enforcement of river sand mining will not necessarily bring too much burden to the finance, and it is possible to achieve a virtuous cycle.

(2) Strengthen the research on policies and regulations, speed up the legislative work on the existing law enforcement management of river sand mining, and issue the "Nanchang City River Sand Mining Management Regulations" as soon as possible to solve the problem of research and formulation of policies and regulations It is lagging and not very operable, which brings difficulties and embarrassing situations to law enforcement. From the level of laws and regulations, it is clearly stipulated that river sand mining shall implement the administrative head responsibility system of all levels of government; the main body and competent authority for the management of river sand mining shall be clarified; the legality of using market mechanisms to organize the issuance of sand mining licenses and the collection of auction prices shall be clarified; and standardization shall be carried out. Admission system for sand mining vessels; clarify the management of sand mining vessels that have not obtained a sand mining license; resolutely ban "pumpers"; clarify that illegal sand mining within the protection scope of the polder is harmful to the public *** Safety behaviors can be sanctioned by the public security department in accordance with behaviors that endanger public safety; it is clear that illegal sand mining within the management and protection scope of the polder embankment will be fined and ordered to pay facility compensation fees, that is, to restore the damaged river channel. and the fees required for the original condition of the dike, etc. Only in this way can the management of sand mining in rivers always maintain a high-pressure and strict attitude, and the maintenance of long-term and orderly management of sand mining in rivers will have stronger legal protection.

(3) For river sections with suitable mining conditions, we must support legal, scientific and orderly mining. It is recommended to implement the "four determinations, one shot, three unifications, and hierarchical management" model to carry out river sand mining Work.

1. The "four determinations" include determining the mining area, the number of ships, the ship type, and the mining period.

Determined mining area: Based on the county (district) administrative area, conduct a comprehensive exploration of the river sections under its jurisdiction, find out the distribution of sand sources, concentrate the sand sources with a certain amount of reserves, and consider shipping, flood control, etc. Riverbanks that have the conditions for continuous mining after comprehensive factors have been scientifically demonstrated and determined as exploitable areas. They must be reported to the superior water administrative department for approval according to procedures. The total amount of mineable sand sources in the exploitable areas must be calculated as accurately as possible and leave room for sufficient Consider ensuring the longer-term interests of legal sand mining households, making sand mining households relatively centralized and stable, preventing predatory and destructive mining dominated by short-term behavior, facilitating long-term management and maintaining sustainable mining of the river section in the jurisdiction, and providing mining opportunities Create a period of self-cultivation and rejuvenation. It is recommended that the annual mining area and mining volume be determined based on one-third of the total mining volume in all recoverable areas. Currently, according to the "Emergency Plan for Sand Mining in the Ganjiang River in Jiangxi Province", the Nanchang section of the Ganjiang River can be divided into four mining areas, namely the Dongxin mining area within the jurisdiction of Nanchang County, the Sanzhoutou mining area within the jurisdiction of Xinjian County, and the Qingshan Lake area Yangzizhou Mining Area No. 1 and Mining Area No. 2. According to the actual operation conditions, the division of these mining areas is not comprehensive and scientific enough. After two years of mining, the situation has changed, requiring further comprehensive exploration and scientific adjustment.

Determining the ship type: The ship type determines the sand mining method and sand mining capacity. Based on the distribution of sand sources in the Nanchang section of the Ganjiang River and the scale of each recoverable area, this section can only allow the operation of "780 sand suction kings", that is, sand dredgers with a sand suction capacity of less than 500m3 per hour.

Determine the number of ships: The number of sand mining ships is scientifically determined based on the annual amount of sand that can be mined in the determined mining area, the determined ship type, and the mining period. The sand mining ships operate with a sand mining license.

Determined mining period: Generally, the effective mining period of Ganjiang River is about eight months. The water level is relatively high from June to September, and mining is often prohibited. In order to ensure shipping safety and prevent nighttime noise from disturbing residents and cross-border illegal mining, nighttime operations sometimes have to be restricted.

2. "One shot".

That is to organize a public auction. According to the current situation, the county (district) government should be authorized to organize a public auction. The county (district) shall, in accordance with the approved sand mining plan, entrust the river sand mining rights in the mineable area to a qualified intermediary agency for auction in accordance with the national auction law. The proceeds from the auction shall be based on taking into account the province, city, county (district), and key points. The principle of ensuring front-line law enforcement management funds is allocated on a 1:1:8 basis. Provincial and municipal-level income can make up for the lack of supervision and law enforcement management funds of relevant departments; counties (districts) can be used to make up for the lack of front-line water law enforcement funds, public security and other departments to cooperate with the law enforcement funding gap, and townships (towns) are responsible for coordinating and processing river mining projects. The funds required for social stability and comprehensive management of issues caused by sand. This will provide the funds necessary to maintain high pressure and strike hard, control land and water, and comprehensively control the situation.

3. "Three Unifications"

It is necessary to further strengthen the organization, coordination, supervision and management functions of the Municipal Sand Extraction Office. Strengthen the centralized management of the "three unifications" of unified certificate processing, unified charging, and unified law enforcement. It is recommended that the Municipal Sand Extraction Office, on the premise of further strengthening the "three unifications" management, strengthen macro management and organize the municipal water administration inspection team to carry out key law enforcement, as well as supervise the county (district) water administration inspection team.

Macro management: including planning and determining the mining area, determining the type of sand mining ship, approving the number of sand mining ships, determining the mining ban period, and uniformly deploying the ban and mining work within the city. Coordinate the interests of various departments at the municipal level, establish a flexible mechanism, provide adequate county (district) policies, and standardize the order of sand mining in rivers. In line with the principles of ensuring the safety of the embankment and waterway, maintaining social stability, fully developing and utilizing resources, and promoting local economic development, river sand mining has entered the normal track of a virtuous cycle. Mobilize all positive factors and guide counties (districts) to actively and steadily use market mechanisms to carry out pilot and promotion work on auctioning or bidding for sand mining rights in rivers in exploitable areas according to their own characteristics, so as to achieve a unified game for the whole city.

Focus on law enforcement: hand over daily law enforcement to counties (districts), and counties (districts) manage according to the scope of their respective jurisdictions. Carry out coordination and communication on rivers involved in inter-county (district) disputes.

Actively solve problems based on the principle of "respecting history, facing reality, basing ourselves on the present, taking a long-term perspective, taking into account the interests of all parties, properly resolving conflicts, and seeking common development." We can learn from the practice of Jiangxi and Hubei provinces reaching an agreement on the joint mining of river sand at the border to solve the problem of river sand mining at the county (district) border. That is, the respective sand mining volumes are allocated according to a relatively reasonable proportion to determine the number of sand mining ships to achieve a win-win situation. For river channels where it is difficult to reach an agreement at the moment, unified command and joint law enforcement will be carried out. We will provide strong support and focus on crackdowns on river sections where counties (districts) have limited power and where illegal sand mining is rampant and has been repeatedly prohibited. The Municipal Water Supervision Brigade must be equipped with sophisticated law enforcement equipment and complete law enforcement methods. It must be able to implement ship arrest methods and have designated ship arrest docks. This requires capital investment, and the government must be willing to spend money.

4. "Grade management"

According to the relevant provisions of the "Jiangxi Province River Management Regulations", it is further clarified that the administrative head responsibility system shall be implemented for river sand mining management. The Ganjiang River is a provincial river. Currently, the Provincial Department of Water Resources has entrusted the management of the Nanchang section to the Nanchang Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau. The Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau should actively strive for the Provincial Department of Water Resources’ policy to implement provincial, municipal, and county (district) hierarchical management of sand mining management in the Ganjiang River. Responsibilities and powers, and manage river sand mining according to the responsibilities of all levels, so that river sand mining management has a solid foundation.

We believe that by taking active and effective measures and increasing the intensity of comprehensive management, we can ensure the safety of waterways and flood control as well as social stability, and turn existing resource advantages into economic advantages to achieve Kill two birds with one stone. The problem is that we must adopt a management model in which government departments at all levels and the masses are motivated and capable of taking action. We believe that the model of “four determinations, one shot, three unifications, and hierarchical management” is feasible.

In addition, governments at all levels must also attach great importance to river sections that are not suitable for mining and make overall plans to ensure the implementation of prohibited mining management funds so that no dead ends are left in river sand mining management.

(4) It is necessary to increase the publicity of river sand mining and create a good atmosphere of public opinion. Make full use of news media such as television, newspapers, and the Internet to carry out multi-level, multi-channel, and fact-based publicity and reporting on the work, achievements, and existing difficulties and problems of sand mining management in the Ganjiang River section, so as to form a good atmosphere of public opinion and give full play to The supervisory function of the news media. Let the society fully and timely understand the current sand mining management work in the Ganjiang River, which is conducive to social supervision. Guide the masses to know and abide by the law and create a good social environment for sand mining management.

(5) It is necessary to strengthen the law enforcement capacity building and system construction of law enforcement departments, strengthen the law enforcement team, and ensure the entrance of law enforcement team members.

Pay close attention to research and formulate relevant policies and rules and regulations, use the system to effectively constrain and standardize the behavior of law enforcement personnel, enhance the legal awareness of law enforcement personnel, improve law enforcement quality and law enforcement capabilities; strengthen the construction of clean government and prevent corruption. occurrence; at the same time, in order to solve the problem of insufficient law enforcement personnel, it is recommended that the personnel department increase the number of law enforcement personnel, control the entrance of law enforcement team members, and try to recruit young, higher-quality college graduates in the face of the characteristics of law enforcement and the whole society, especially As an undergraduate majoring in law, I do my best to build the water law enforcement team into a high-quality law enforcement team with a strong style, good image, and strong combat effectiveness.