It is even more important to prevent stroke during the dog days of summer

Cerebral stroke, also known as "stroke", is an acute cerebrovascular disease. It is a group of diseases in which blood cannot flow into the brain due to blood vessel obstruction or sudden rupture of blood vessels in the brain, causing damage to brain tissue, including lack of Hemorrhagic stroke (cerebral infarction) and hemorrhagic stroke (brain hemorrhage).

Stroke is caused by lifestyle, environment, genetics and other factors. It is a major disease affecting the health of the people in our country. It can lead to limb paralysis, speech impairment, dysphagia, cognitive impairment, mental depression, etc. It is characterized by high morbidity, recurrence, disability and mortality rates, and heavy economic burden. In recent years, the incidence of stroke in our country has shown an upward trend. About three-quarters of patients have lost their labor force to varying degrees or cannot take care of themselves, causing a huge burden to families and society.

During the dog days of summer, the weather is hot, the air humidity is high, and the oxygen content is reduced. At this time, the human body's metabolism speeds up, and the demand for oxygen and nutrients increases greatly. In addition, the human body will cause blood to gather on the body surface in order to dissipate heat. This This leads to reduced blood supply to the brain, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, leading to dizziness. Secondly, it is easy to sweat a lot. When the intake of water and salt is insufficient, the body will be in a state of dehydration. For people with poor blood vessel conditions, such as patients with blood vessel stenosis, when the amount of blood flowing in the blood vessels decreases and the viscosity When it increases, blood vessels are more likely to be blocked and cause cerebral infarction. Unstable blood pressure control, emotional agitation, or missed antihypertensive medications can cause blood pressure to rise sharply, leading to cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the prevention of stroke during the dog days of summer. Not only middle-aged and elderly people, but also young people should actively prevent and reduce the risk of stroke.

The occurrence of stroke is closely related to high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease, obesity, and bad living and eating habits, such as high-salt and high-fat diet, smoking, drinking, lack of physical exercise, staying up late, etc. It is a risk factor for stroke, and stroke is more likely to occur after the age of 55. The increase in stroke incidence and mortality is closely related to the increase in blood pressure. The higher the blood pressure, the higher the risk of stroke. There is a clear correlation between dyslipidemia and the incidence of ischemic stroke. Lowering blood pressure, controlling blood lipids, and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of stroke. Atrial fibrillation is an important cause of ischemic stroke. It is recommended that patients with atrial fibrillation take anticoagulation treatment as directed by their doctor.

Stroke can be prevented and cured. Prevention mainly involves establishing a healthy lifestyle, that is, "reasonable diet, moderate exercise, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, and psychological balance." 1. Pay attention to a reasonable and scientific diet. The popular ones can be summarized as the matching principles of "ten tennis balls" and "four ones", that is: one tennis ball-sized portion of lean meat, two tennis-ball-sized portions of staple food, three tennis-ball-sized portions of fruit, and four tennis-ball-sized portions of vegetables every day . One egg, one pound of milk, a handful of nuts, and a piece of tofu the size of a playing card every day. Avoid high-fat and high-sugar diets. Daily salt intake should not exceed 5g, cooking oil should not exceed 25g, and sugar should not exceed 50g. Drink enough water every day. It is recommended that adults drink 7-8 cups (1500-1700 ml) of boiled water or tea every day. Lose weight, quit smoking and limit alcohol, get enough sleep at night, take short lunch breaks during the day, control snoring, and stay optimistic. Don't be greedy for cold, blow the air conditioner or eat cold food, which is not conducive to the circulation of Qi and blood in the body and may increase the risk of illness. 2. Do moderate exercise and do not sit down. It is recommended that you should engage in moderate-intensity activities at least 5 days a week for a total of more than 150 minutes; adhere to daily physical activities, with an average of 6,000 steps of active physical activity every day; try to reduce sedentary time as much as possible, and get up and move every hour. It is beneficial. When the elderly are active, their movements should not be too violent or too large. 4. Elderly people should avoid changing positions too quickly to avoid constipation. 5. Monitor blood pressure regularly to keep blood pressure stable. 6. Carry out regular health check-ups and diagnose and treat problems as soon as possible. 7. Keep your mouth clean, develop good living and cleaning habits, brush your teeth in the morning and evening, rinse your mouth after meals, and actively treat periodontal disease. 8. For those with high risk factors for stroke such as myocardial infarction, hyperhomocysteinemia, and obesity, active and timely measures should be taken to intervene and deal with them.

Early recognition of stroke is also the key to early diagnosis and early treatment.

The "Stroke 120" method can be used to effectively evaluate and judge: "1" refers to a face, whether there is a crooked mouth or squinting eyes; "2" refers to two arms, that is, we can stretch forward With both arms, see if one of the arms on one side is drooping or weak; "0" refers to listening, which refers to language, to see if the speech is unclear and expression is difficult.

When people around you experience changes such as crooked mouth, squinting eyes, or slurred speech, you should not take it lightly and go to the hospital for treatment; if serious conditions such as hemiplegia, headache, vomiting, convulsions, and coma occur, first maintain Calm down, then call 120. Don't move around, move less, and lie on your side. If the patient is conscious and able to communicate, the situation can be explained to him, comforted, and guided to maintain emotional stability.

Time is life, and time is the brain! In the first 90 minutes of the onset of illness, for every minute of delay in treatment, 1.9 million more brain cells will die. For every 20 minutes of delay, the chance of a good prognosis is reduced by 20 . Once a patient with acute cerebral infarction is found, be sure to call "120" immediately and be sent to the green channel of the stroke center or a hospital with emergency thrombolysis conditions. Thrombolysis should be performed as soon as possible within 4.5 hours (preferably 3 hours) of the onset of illness!

Contributed by: Henan Provincial Health Commission, Henan Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention