Why is Daqing called oil city?

Daqing Oilfield is a household name in China, but Anda County, which is only 30 kilometers away from it, has attracted little attention. However, in this ordinary county, there is a water management unit supporting Daqing petroleum and petrochemical production-Heilongjiang Yinnen Project Management Office.

The water diversion project of Bei Nenjiang River diverted water from Nenjiang River to Hongqipao Reservoir and Daqing Reservoir without dams. The total length of the diversion canal is 28 1km, which is mainly responsible for supplying water for Daqing petroleum and petrochemical industry and urban production and life, and also for agricultural water supply in eight cities and counties along the project. Daqing oilfield has supported the national economic construction with high and stable production for more than 30 years. Behind the glory of Daqing Oilfield, there is the silent dedication of Yinnen Engineering Management Office.

If the oil produced in Daqing is blood, then the power to maintain the hematopoietic function of Daqing is the clear water drawn from Nenjiang River.

Water is called "flowing gold" in Daqing, and the north bidding water diversion project transports "liquid gold" to the oil city.

There are roughly two forms of oil exploitation in the world. One is to calculate how much crude oil can be ejected by the pressure of the formation itself. When the reservoir shrinks and the pressure drops to a certain extent, oil production is over, which is a backward production mode. The other is that more oil can be produced by injecting water and increasing formation pressure. In the early stage of development, Daqing Oilfield adopted advanced early water injection method, which kept the oilfield pressure, realized the balance between production and injection, and created conditions for high and stable production. However, it is not easy to ensure the balance between production and injection. To maintain the stability of crude oil production, it is necessary to increase water injection. With the in-depth development of Daqing Oilfield, the daily water injection is as high as millions of tons. At the same time, without water, any set of production devices can't operate normally. Petroleum products are born in the gestation of water.

Daqing area belongs to the arid zone in the west of Heilongjiang Province, and it is a closed flow area without rivers. Rare precipitation, extremely high evaporation, strong wind and low temperature constitute the special natural conditions here, so water is becoming more and more precious here. Without water, there will be no Daqing oilfield with sustained high production; Without water, there would be no glory of Daqing petroleum and petrochemical industry. To ensure water supply in Daqing, the responsibility is more important than Mount Tai.

According to the urgent need for water in Daqing Oilfield and the actual situation of drought in western Heilongjiang Province, the North-to-North Water Transfer Project was approved by the former Ministry of Water and Electricity on 197 1 and started construction on 1972. There are nearly 100 construction units and100000 construction teams in the whole province. After four spring and autumn periods, a 500-mile-long "artificial canal" was dug in the hinterland of Songnen Plain, and the abundant Nenjiang River water was introduced into two large reservoirs with a storage capacity of more than 654.38 billion cubic meters from 245 kilometers away. One is Daqing Reservoir, with storage capacity1.300 million cubic meters, which has become the basic water source for industrial water, domestic water and oil production in Sarthou and other three major oil fields. One is Hongqipao Reservoir, with a storage capacity of 1. 1 100 million cubic meters (after expansion, 1.998 reaches1.1.600 million cubic meters), which has become the basic water source for industrial water and domestic water in Daqing oil refining, ethylene production and fertilizer production.

As the largest dam-free water diversion project in Heilongjiang Province, the North-to-North Water Transfer Project is known as "Dujiangyan in the North". The project has been running for 25 years, and the cumulative water transfer is11500 million cubic meters, of which the industrial and urban domestic water consumption of Daqing, an oil-supplying city, is 3.88 billion cubic meters. At present, the annual water supply of Daqing Oilfield and petrochemical industry reaches 65.438+0.8 billion cubic meters, and the daily water supply capacity reaches 500,000 cubic meters.

The vast Daqing Oilfield continuously transports 6.5438+0.5 million tons of crude oil to inland, Qinhuangdao and other seaports every day. According to the rough statistics of previous years, the annual transfer of water from the north can indirectly create an output value of more than 3 billion yuan for Daqing, which has played a huge role in the national economic construction of Daqing area. Therefore, the water diversion project of Bei Nenjiang River is praised by Daqing people as "happiness project with money flowing".

Responsibility is more important than Mount Tai. For decades, the "Northern Introduction" has contributed silently, supporting the glory of the anniversary.

The project has been completed, but it is not easy to ensure the benign operation of the project and supply water all the time. The heavy responsibility falls on the shoulders of Nenjiang Water Diversion Project Management Office.

For a water supply unit, the water conservancy project of water intake is the lifeline. The North Bidding Diversion Project, which was built during the Cultural Revolution, is an earthwork open channel with low design standard, serious freezing damage, rapid aging of the project, insufficient investment during operation, serious siltation of channels and reservoirs, and decreased water delivery capacity.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the management office has established the goal of "three guarantees and four modernizations", that is, ensuring water supply, improving quality safely, standardizing project construction, making water supply dispatching scientific, maintaining regularly and institutionalizing project management.

During 1998, the Songnen River Basin was flooded once in a hundred years. The once calm and beautiful "Yinnen River" is beyond recognition, and the floods in the canal and outside the dam converge into an undulating river. During the five-month battle, more than 1000 employees were attracted to resist the once-in-a-century flood with the project that can resist the flood once every 30 years and once every 50 years, and the emergency repair was realized in that year. The success of Hongqipao Reservoir and Daqing Reservoir, which are full of water, ensures the winter water use of Daqing petroleum and petrochemical industry without delaying water supply for one day. In 2000, the spring drought in Heilongjiang Province was severe, and Daqing Reservoir was in urgent need of water. The management office decisively takes emergency measures such as two-day rotation irrigation for industrial and agricultural water supply to ensure water supply in various agricultural irrigation areas.

During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Management Office seized the historic opportunity of adjusting the water fee from 65,438 to 0,997 and increasing the water fee income, increased the project investment and transformation, and actively strived for national investment and local joint ventures to carry out large-scale project reinforcement. From 1997 to 2000, the annual investment in the project was as high as 38 million yuan, four times the total investment in the previous 10 year. According to preliminary calculation, the investment in engineering renovation in recent five years has reached 654.38+0.37 billion yuan. The project transformation has made the water diversion channel more stable and smooth, the water conveyance channel safer and more beautiful, the water storage of Hongqipao Reservoir more solid and wide, and the flow of Nenjiang River in the first canal more abundant and smooth. In 2000, the annual water supply and water fee income of the management office exceeded 70 million yuan, a record high.

The North-to-North Water Transfer Project is located in the north of Xinjiang, and the normal water transfer time is only 180 days. Therefore, Hongqipao Reservoir and Daqing Reservoir belong to large anti-regulation reservoirs. Affected by the season, the diversion time of the project is short and the task is heavy. With the development of society, the demand for industrial, agricultural and urban water is increasing. Faced with this situation, Nenjiang Water Diversion Project Management Office is based on ensuring the water supply in the oil city and strives to do a good job in service. Over the years, Yinnen Engineering Management Office has won high praise from the leaders of Daqing Petroleum and Petrochemical Company for striving for first-class service. At the same time, farmers along the canal praised the Nenjiang River in the north as a golden canal and a happy canal.

While optimizing service to ensure water supply, Nenjiang Water Diversion Project Management Office truly regards water as a commodity, and constantly reforms the charging system for industrial and agricultural water supply to increase economic benefits. The industrial water supply and diversion project management office adopts advanced instruments to measure, and according to the actual water consumption in Daqing, the proportion of industrial and urban domestic water consumption in Daqing has been adjusted, which has increased the industrial and urban water charges in Daqing by several million yuan. Agricultural water supply, the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Management Office increased the propaganda of water-saving irrigation, gradually implemented the system of fixed water supply and metering and charging, and held an agricultural water supply dispatching meeting in due course, gradually implemented the reform of agricultural water supply system, and achieved remarkable results. Some irrigation areas also proposed to reduce the water supply for the first time.

While optimizing the allocation of water resources, meeting water demand and increasing benefits, the management office also reformed the management mode internally, implemented quantitative management, reduced management costs and saved annual maintenance investment. After more than two years of exploration, the management stations have completed 75,000 cubic meters of earth and stone, saving 864,000 yuan in annual restoration investment.

A clear canal turned all directions into showers. The water diversion project of Bei Nenjiang River fell like a silver dragon from the sky and landed on the vast Yuan Ye, bringing the clear and abundant Nenjiang River water into arid fields, water-deficient villages, boundless grassland Tang Wei, rich Daqing oil field and petrochemical industrial base. It not only brings people the joy of high-yield oil and abundant crops, but also places more and more hopes and expectations on people.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the Nenjiang North Water Diversion Project Management Office has set a new development goal, striving to build the Nenjiang North Water Diversion Project into a model of ecological water conservancy, a tourist and leisure resort and a model of modern water conservancy, and will continue to strengthen its own strength and, as always, support the glory of the second venture of the oil city of anniversary.