The full text of Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting

Wang Bo [Tang Dynasty]

Zhang Yu old county, Hongdu new home. The stars are divided into wings, and the ground is connected with Lu Heng. Three rivers and five lakes in Jin, controlling barbarians and attracting Ouyue. Wuhua Tianbao, the dragon lamp shoots the bull fighting market; Outstanding people, Xu Ru got off Chen Fan's couch. Xing Chi Cai Jun Xiongzhou fog column. At the turn of summer, the host and guest are all in the southeast. The commander-in-chief Gong Yanyi is elegant, and the halberd is in the distance; Fan Yi of Yuwen Xinzhou is temporarily stationed. Ten days holiday, win friends like a cloud; Welcome to the wedding. Teng Jiao, a poet of Meng; Purple electric paste is General Wang's armory. Home is slaughter, Tao is name; What does a boy know? Bowing is always the winner. (Zhang Yu Old County: Nanchang Old County; Green frost: clear frost)

When Wei is in September, the sequence belongs to Sanqiu. The water is cold and the pool is clear, and the smoke is purple. Yan Yan likes to walk on the road and watch the scenery to worship Afghanistan. Close to Emperor Cheung Chau, you will see the old pavilion where heaven and man are integrated. Mountains and clouds are heavy; Feige is full of blood, and there is no land under it. Heting ancient bamboo, the haunt of poor islands; Gui Dian Lan Gong is the posture of hills. (Heaven and Man: Immortality; A layer of work: a platform; That is Okada Kazuo: Leoca; Gefei Liu Dan: Gefei Xiangdan)

Embroidered and carved, Yamahara is full of vision, and Kawasawa is bold and unrestrained. Yan Lu, the hometown of Zhong Mingding's delicious food; Gechuan maze, bluebird Huanglong. Clouds selling rain Ji, colorful. Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters and sky are the same color. Fishing boats sing late, the coastal sound is poor, the array is cold, and the sound breaks Hengyang Pu. (shaft connection: fat; Maze 1: Mizin; Ming Yi's masterpiece "Cloud Selling Rain: Rainbow Selling Rain, Float Qu Yun" in the float area.

The distance is smooth and it is easy to fly. Cool breeze blowing gently, singing white clouds. There are bamboos in Suiyuan, which makes Peng Ze angry. Shui Ye Zhu Hua, a pen shining in Linchuan. Four beautiful things, two are difficult to combine. Poor in the sky, leisure is very entertaining. The sky is vast and the universe is infinite; Joy begets sorrow and knowledge is empty. Looking at Chang 'an in the sun, the martial arts will meet in the clouds. The terrain is deep in the South Pole, high in Tianzhu and far from Beichen. It is difficult to climb mountains and mountains, and whoever loses his way is sad; Meet by chance, full of foreign guests. When I miss the emperor, what year was I in the mysterious room? (Jin Yao Fuchang is a work: Yao Yin Fuchang)

Ha ha! Bad luck, bad luck. Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal. Qu Jiayi is in Changsha, not without a master; Is there no time to escape from Hongliang to Haiqu? A gentleman plays it by ear and knows the world. When you are old and strong, would you rather be moved? Poverty is strong, not falling into the sky. I feel that Chanquan is very cool, but I am still very happy after doing it. Although Beihai is on credit, it can be accepted; The cold corner has gone, and the mulberry is not late. Meng has noble taste and is free to serve the country; Ruan Ji is crazy, how can he cry to the end of the road! (see opportunity: a poverty; Satisfied with one's work: satisfied with others.

Bob, who is three feet short, is a scholar. There is no way to ask for it, and the final army will be weak; With a pen and a bosom, Mu Zong is Changfeng. Give up hair for a hundred years, and Wan Li will faint in the morning. It is not a treasure tree in Xie Jia, but a neighbor of Montessori. He is becoming more and more palace, and he is accompanying carp; Today, I hold my hand and hope to hold the Longmen. Yang Yi doesn't pick up, caresses Lingyun and cherishes himself; What's shameful about playing with running water at the clock meeting?

Oh! There are not many resorts, so it is difficult to have a grand feast; Lanting is gone, Zize Xu Qiu. Farewell words, thanks to Wei Wei; Climbing high to make a contribution is to hope the public. Dare to exhaust feelings, be respectful and short-quoted; All the words were given, and all four rhymes were done. Please sprinkle Pan Jiang, and each side will pour their own water into the sea.

Wang Teng Linjiang Zhu and Ming Luan went dancing.

The painted building faces Nanpu Cloud, and the bead curtain rolls up the rain in the western hills at dusk.

The shadow of the idle cloud pool is long, and things change for a few years.

Where is the emperor in the cabinet today? Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows by itself.

translate

This is Zhang Yu County in the Han Dynasty, and now it is the governor's office of Hongzhou. The position in the sky belongs to the dividing line between wings and stars, and the position on the ground connects Hengshan and Lushan. Take Sanjiang as the skirt and Five Lakes as the belt, control Chu land and connect Fujian and Vietnam. The beauty of the products here is like a treasure from heaven, and its glory is a place to fight with cows. The land here is full of beautiful scenery, and Fan Chen built some couches for Xu Ru. Hongzhou buildings are arranged like clouds, and talents are driven away like meteors. The city is located at the junction of the Central Plains and Nanyi, and its guests and hosts include the best people in the southeast. Commander-in-Chief Gong Yanxiang enjoys a high reputation. He came to Hongzhou from afar and worked as a shepherd in Yuwen House. He is a model of virtue and stopped here on his way to his post. On the holidays of 10 and 10, many good friends came to meet guests from afar, and your friends were packed. Articles written by Meng, the originator of literary words, such as Cai Feng, the dragon dance; In General Wang's armory, there are swords such as Zidian and Dengjian. Because my father is going to be a county magistrate, I passed this famous place on my way to visit relatives. Young and ignorant, I was lucky enough to attend this grand banquet in person.

In late autumn and September, the accumulated water disappeared after the rain, the cold pool water was clear, the sky was condensed with faint clouds, and the mountains in the twilight were purple. Driving a carriage on a high mountain road, visiting the scenery in the mountain. Come to the emperor Changzhou and find the palace where the immortals live. The mountains overlap here, and the green peaks soar into the sky. A pavilion in the air, a Hong Ting Road is like flying in the sky, and the ground can't be seen from the pavilion. The waterside flats where cranes and wild ducks live and the small continents in the water make the island zigzag. Gorgeous and magnificent palaces are built on rolling hills.

Pushing open the beautifully carved pavilion door, overlooking the roof decorated with colorful decorations, you can have a panoramic view of the mountains and plains, and the river is surprisingly circuitous. There are alleys and houses everywhere, and many rich people are eating and drinking. Ge boats are full of ferries, full of big boats carved with green finches and yellow dragons. Clouds stop raining, the sun is shining and the sky is clear; At sunset, the rosy clouds are the same color as the lonely bird Qi Fei, and the river in autumn is connected with the vast sky. At night, fishermen sing on fishing boats, and the songs resound through the lake in Peng Li; In late autumn, the geese felt chilly and screamed again and again, and the whine continued to the waterfront of Hengyang.

Looking at the distance, my heart suddenly felt comfortable, and my transcendental interest immediately rose. The flute brings a gentle breeze, and the soft song brings floating white clouds. Today's feast is like the elegant collection of Liangyuan in those days. Everyone drinks more than Tao Yuanming. The bachelor of arts who attended the banquet, like Cao Zhi, wrote such a beautiful poem as Zhu Huayong's Rushing into the Green Pool, and his romantic literary talent reflected Xie Lingyun's poetic style. Music and diet, articles and words are all ready, and the two rare conditions of sage and guest are also compiled. Look at the sky and enjoy the holiday. The sky is vast, which makes people feel that the universe is boundless. When joy passed away and sadness struck, I realized that everything has a fixed fate in its ups and downs. From a distance, Chang 'an sank into the sunset, and from a distance, Wu Jun was hidden in the clouds. The geographical location is extremely remote, the South China Sea is particularly deep, Tianzhu is towering on Kunlun Mountain, and the north pole of the night sky is far away. This mountain is difficult to cross. Who sympathizes with me, a frustrated person? Occasionally meet, all guests from other places. I miss the door of the palace, but I was not called. When can I serve the king in the propaganda room like Jia Yi?

Well, everyone's timing is different, and the fate of life is often not smooth. Feng Tang is prone to aging, and Li Guang has contributed a lot, but he is rarely appointed. Jia Yi was demoted to Changsha not because there was no wise monarch, nor did Hongliang escape to Qilu seaside in an era of political prosperity. Only a gentleman knows the opportunity, and a prudent man knows his own destiny. Although I am old and still strong, how can I change my mood when I am old? I am more determined when I encounter poverty, and I will never give up my ambition under any circumstances. Even if you drink the water from the greedy spring and feel fresh and delicious, it will not breed gluttony; Even if the fish is in the rut that is about to dry up, it is still cheerful and happy. Although the North Sea is far away, strong winds can still reach it. Although the morning light has passed, it is not too late to cherish the evening. Meng tried to be proud, but he held the enthusiasm of serving the country in vain. Ruan Ji is unrestrained. How can we learn from his behavior of crying when he comes to the end of the road?

I am a modest scholar. Although he is the same age as the final army, he has no chance to serve his country. Like Ban Chao, he has the passion to join the army and the ambition to "ride the wind and waves". Now I have abandoned my lifelong fame, and Wan Li is not far away to serve my father day and night. Although he is not a talent like Xie Xuan, he also associates with many virtuous people. In a few days, I will go to my father's side, and I must accept his teaching like Kong Li; Today, I can see Gong Yan being received. I am as happy as I am on the Longmen. If you don't meet the person introduced by Yang Deyi, you will only shoot your own article and feel sorry for yourself. Now that you've met Zhong Ziqi, what's the shame of playing "Running Water"?

Oh! Places of interest can't last forever, and it's hard to meet again. The grand occasion of Lanting's gathering momentum is over, and Shi Chong's Jize is in ruins. Thank you for the gift of this banquet. I made this preface when I left. As for the summit, I can only count on the gentlemen present. I just took the liberty of making a brief introduction with my humble mind. I also wrote a poem with four rhymes. Please show your literary talent like Pan Yue and Lu Ji:

The towering Wang Teng Pavilion overlooks the sandbar in the middle of the river. I think, the luxurious singing and dancing that wears Yu Pei and rings the Luan bell has stopped.

In the early morning, Nanpu light clouds swept over the painting floor of Wang Teng Pavilion; In the evening, the misty rain in the western hills rolled up the bead curtain of Wang Tengting.

The leisurely colorful clouds are reflected on the river, floating leisurely all day; Time flies, personnel changes, I do not know how many spring and autumn.

Wang Teng, which used to enjoy itself in the high pavilion, has disappeared, and only the surging river outside the railing rushes to the distance.

Creation background

During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, Yan Mou, the governor of Hongzhou, rebuilt this pavilion, and hosted a banquet in Wang Tengting on the ninth day of September in 675 AD (the second year of Shangyuan). The author passed by here when he visited his father, and also attended the big meeting, improvising poems and writing this preface.

Brief introduction of the author

Wang Bo (649 or 650 ~ 676 or 675) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Han nationality, Zi Zi An. Jiangzhou Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi) people. Together with Yang Jiong and Lu, they are called "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty", among which they are the first. In August of the 3rd year of Shang Dynasty (676), Tang Gaozong returned from visiting his father and drowned across the sea. He is good at five laws and five unique skills, and his representative works include "Farewell to Vice Governor Du to Shu". The main literary achievement is parallel prose, which is the best in quantity and quality. His masterpiece is Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion.

Make an appreciative comment

This paper focuses on the spectacular scene of Wang Teng Pavilion. Write about the elegant and grand momentum of the banquet and express your feelings. After explaining the historical evolution of "old county" and "new house". It is written by the geographical location and surrounding environment of the exhibition hall. "Three rivers lead to five lakes, and Ouyue", "The flowing water is as clear as the cold pool, and the smoke is as purple as the mountains", "The sunset is lonely with Qi Fei, and the autumn water is the same as the sky". Wang Teng Pavilion is located on this land in the south of the Yangtze River. Then, the author's pen goes from far to near, from the surface to the inside. "Taiqing, the sky is heavy; Flying pavilion drops Dan, there is no land under it. It's called Gui Dian Lan Gong, Embroidered Questions and First Landing. Wang Bo couldn't help feeling excited. He is a boy in a famous area, and he is lucky to have the opportunity to attend the party. However, in the face of high officials and dignitaries, it is inevitable that there will be some sadness and sadness. Instead, he lamented his "injustice", "luck" and "ill-fated". Express your deep depression and grievances, and pour out your feelings of "throwing a pen" and "volunteering" to serve the country and your determination to go forward. Love comes from scenery, and scenery is written for the mutual penetration of lyricism, scenery and emotion. Naturally, like running water, it flows freely and naturally.

Contrast and description, bright colors. The author can describe the scenery of Hongzhou, the grand occasion of Pueraria lobata and express the feelings of the characters. Exhibition and hair growth, very successful use of daubing and dyeing methods. For example, when explaining Hongzhou's "outstanding people". Fourteen sentences were laid out in one breath, from historical figures to realistic figures, from civil servants to military commanders, and they worked tirelessly; Write Wang Tengting's vision, including Shazhou Island, Yuanye, Jiangchuan Ge, palace and fundus.

And this description is carried out in contrast. This makes the article full of twists and turns, jumping up and down, back and forth. "Cool hair and breeze, fine songs and white clouds. There are bamboos in Suiyuan, which makes Peng Ze angry. Lishui Zhu Hua, lighting the pen of Linchuan. " Chords, music, wine, stories, beautiful scenery and pleasing to the eye. "Four Beauty Dilemma" is an unprecedented feast. In contrast, "luck is not good, and life is ruined; Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal. ". How sad it is that the genius is degraded and confused. This is the contrast of the characters' situation. There are also "Chang 'an in the sun" and "Wu Hui in the cloud", all of which are geographical comparisons; "I fly happily" and "I am sad happily" are emotional contrasts. Yang Yi does not pick up, caresses Lingyun and cherishes himself; When the clocks meet, what's the shame of running water? "This is the contrast between talent and bosom friend. This strong color contrast can produce the artistic effect of complementary opposites in revealing the inner worries of the characters and contrasting the main idea of the article.

The antithesis is neat and the allusions are just right. Except for exclamations, auxiliary words and Bo's self-claim, most of them are four-character antitheses and six-character antitheses. There are some simple sentences, such as "Clouds clear away the rain", "Lonely sunset in Qi Fei, autumn water * * * one color in the sky" and so on; Some are complex sentences, such as "the treasure of things, the city where the dragon lights shoot the bulls;" Outstanding people, Xu Ruyuan's "Fan on Chen's couch" "Fishing boats sing late, ringing the shore of poverty; The array was frightened and the sound broke the pu of Hengyang "; There are also some comments on this sentence, such as "Jin Sanjiang brings five lakes, controlling barbarians and attracting Ouyue", "Jin Sanjiang brings five lakes" and "controlling barbarians and attracting Ouyue" are opposite to each other. For example, Qi Feng with Rattan Pepper, Double Clear Purple Dots, Long Guang and Bull Fight. This antithesis sentence is not only neat and symmetrical, but also complex and changeable, fast-paced, neat and harmonious, and powerful.

Allusions that appear many times in the text. And they are all used properly, which not only has no sense of redundancy and obscurity, but also makes the article look rich and elegant, euphemistic and tortuous, sincere and sincere. "Feng Tang is easy to get old, Li Guang is hard to seal", "Qu Jiayi is in Changsha" and "Wandering in the sea", these four allusions are put together to describe the fate of the author, who was rejected for writing for Pei and expelled by the emperor for writing "Chicken of the King". Although there is resentment, it is hidden and not exposed, and there is no suspicion that King Kong is glaring. "Although Beihai is on credit, it is thriving; The cold corner has gone, and the mulberry is not too late. " These two allusions allude to my firm belief that I am fearless and brave. Allusions such as "waiting for the final army to be weak", "throwing a pen in your arms" and "watching the wind and whistling". It is a metaphor for his heroism and determination to make progress by "breaking the waves".

Turn static into dynamic and personify things. It is another feature of Preface to Wang Teng-ting to write an objective static thing into a dynamic feeling by personification. The author is good at choosing words and refining words to activate the state of things, such as "flying pavilion, flowing Dan" and "green terraces" Just because of the words "fly", "flow" and "shrug", the lofty pavilions will take off, the rich painters will murmur, and the emerald green on the terraces will rise high. It's really wonderful that still life has become an animal. The ancient city of Hongzhou, however, has become a cutting giant with "Three Rivers" as its skirt and "Five Lakes" as its belt, which is "pretty" near and "Ouyue" far away. As for "brilliance" like "Xingchi". The "winning friends" like a cloud is even more vivid.

In art, Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion has the following writing characteristics:

(1) The sentence pattern is patchy and rhythmic.

The full text is mainly composed of four or six sentences, with four or six miscellaneous sentences. Seven sentences, six sentences, four sentences, three sentences, two sentences and even one sentence are used alternately according to the needs of ideographic expression, so that the rhythm is clear and the content is integrated. Generally speaking, two words are used to express feelings (there are two places in the article: "Hehe" and "Alas"). Three sentences and four sentences are used at the beginning or turning point of a topic. A combination of six or seven sentences is a plain narrative. Four or six sentences or four or six sentences are used together as the unfolding part of narrative or lyric. There is only one word "Bo", which refers to oneself and expresses Teton. In this way, the writing of the whole article is ups and downs and natural circulation.

(2) Poems are beautifully decorated and full of flowers.

The whole article uses antithetical sentences, which have both literal and phonological meanings. For example, "the sky is vast and the universe is infinite; I am full of sorrow and I know a lot. " "QuGuYi in changsha, not ownerless; Loud in the sea, is it lack of time? " "Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters and sky are the same color" and so on. One sentence is flat and even, and the upper and lower sentences are flat and even. This emphasis on melody does not affect the expression of meaning, and the sentences written are cadence, musical and poetic. This preface, such as Treasure of One Thing, Cai Jun's Insanity, Purple Electric Green Frost, Jade Bird Huanglong, Suiyuan Bamboo, Shui Ye Zhu Hua, etc., is typical of paying attention to diction. In this way, the article is colorful and pleasing to the eye.

(3) using allusions, concise and implicit

This preface uses many allusions to describe lyricism, some are historical stories, some are predecessors' sentences, and the techniques used are different, some are very clear, such as "Feng Tang is easy to get old, Li Guang is difficult to seal"; Some are secretly used, such as "feeling cold when greedy for springs, and being happy when dry"; Some are being used, such as "Meng has noble taste and is free to serve the country"; Some of them are used backwards, such as "Ruan Ji is rampant, how can you cry at the end of the road?" The use of allusions enhances the expressive effect of the article.