What is the so-called educated youth going to the countryside?

1, broadly speaking, refers to the young people who have been sent to the countryside and mastered certain knowledge, and generally refers to the young people who have received higher education.

2. From the 1950 s to the end of the Cultural Revolution, young people who were voluntarily or forcibly sent from cities to rural areas to become farmers. In fact, most of these people have only received junior high school or high school education.

In 1955, Mao Zedong put forward that "the countryside is a vast world, where you can make great achievements." It became the slogan of educated youth going to the countryside later. From 1950s to the end of 1970s, the total number of educated youth going to the countryside was estimated to be between 1200 and180,000.

During the Cultural Revolution, the earliest Red Guards who asked to go to the countryside was Lijian Cai.

Young intellectuals began to go to the countryside in the mid-1950s. At that time, in order to solve the employment of urban young students and strengthen agricultural production, the party and the state called on and encouraged urban youth to "go to the countryside."

1September, 955, Mao Zedong's highest instruction of "a vast world and great achievements" marked the beginning of educated youth going to the countryside. 1956 in that year, nearly 200,000 urban youths in China volunteered or were mobilized to join the reclamation team.

Throughout the 1950 s, the central government did not have a special agency to conduct overall management. At that time, urban educated youth went to the countryside, which was basically organized by the local authorities. 1962, the Ministry of Land Reclamation set up a resettlement office, and then began to mobilize urban educated youth to go to the countryside in an organized and planned way throughout the country.

According to the data, before the Cultural Revolution, there were 1.969 million urban educated youth and social idle laborers in China. Among them, the number of educated youth reached 6.5438+0.2928 million, accounting for 65.6% of all rural people.

Xing Yanzi, Hou Juan, Hebei and Dong Jiageng, Jiangsu were the most influential young intellectuals who returned to the countryside in the middle and late 1950s and early 1960s. On February 26th, Dong Jiageng and Xing Yanzi were invited to attend a small birthday party hosted by Mao Zedong in the Great Hall of the People. Their seats are near Mao's left and right.

During the dinner, Mao Zedong inquired about their education level, and repeatedly provided them with food to persuade them to eat. Hou Juan's growth has also attracted the attention of Zhou Enlai. They are the lucky ones among the educated youth who went to the countryside.

1966 Lijian Cai, 18 years old, a senior two student in Beijing Changxindian Railway Middle School. When the Red Guards were in series, she went to Yan 'an with a long March team of the school, passing through Dujiashan, a poor mountain village in Yuci County, Shanxi Province. Lijian Cai sees many mountainous areas, most of which are undeveloped, and farmers lead a hard life.

She thinks this is a good place to play the intellectual youth, and she doesn't know if she should stay here and jump the queue. Until the Long March team had left Dujiashan for more than 280 miles, she resolutely bid farewell to her classmates and returned to Dujiashan alone, indicating to the villagers that she would take root in Dujiashan and build a mountainous area with them. After going through a series of formalities,1March 1968, she officially became a new member here.

1967 10 Graduates from Beijing No.25 Middle School, No.22 Middle School, No.8 Girls' Middle School and No.11 Middle School cut in line at Baiyinbaolige Commune in Chyi Chin, Xiwu, Inner Mongolia. On the morning of their departure, they gathered in front of Tiananmen Square and read the oath in front of the huge portrait of Chairman Mao. This is the first batch of Red Guards in the capital who went to Inner Mongolia prairie.

On February 8th, 1968, 55 Red Guards from the Red Generation Society of Dongcheng Middle School in Beijing took off their armbands and took an oath of farewell in front of the statue of Chairman Mao in Tiananmen Square, becoming the first red guards in the capital to participate in the construction of Xishuangbanna.

The Red Guards in the capital took the lead in going to the countryside, which set off a wave of urban educated youth and workers and peasants. This is an endless torrent. Among them, there are not only millions of college students, middle school students, high school students, junior high school students, junior high school students and social youths, but also thousands of urban residents, a large number of medical, cultural and educational workers, state cadres and some "dictatorship objects" affected by the movement.

From the Yuan Ye in the endless northern wilderness to the triumphant Xishuangbanna, from the Gobi Oasis in the north and south of Tianshan Mountains to the rubber forest farms in the southern Xinjiang islands, from hulun buir grassland to Tibet on the roof of the world, there are footprints and figures of educated youth everywhere.

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