What is empty pen calligraphy?

A: Calligraphy refers to the art of writing Chinese characters. Including pens, structures, shelves, bank payments and so on.

2. Why do you want to learn calligraphy?

Answer: The minimum purpose of learning calligraphy is to write correctly, and the framework is stable, smooth and beautiful, which can improve the effect and quality in study, work and social life; Further, calligraphy is used to reflect thoughts, express feelings, become works of art, and let people enjoy art.

3. What are the basic rules for learning calligraphy?

Answer: To learn calligraphy, you must master the basic laws of writing, carrying, using and structure.

4. Where do I start to learn calligraphy?

A: Copy first and then present.

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5. Why should we pay attention to writing?

A: If you can't write well, you can't write well.

6. What is the correct spelling?

A: The correct way to write it is simply "the palm is empty".

7. How to write a pen to know your palm?

Answer: The index finger (the second finger) and the middle finger (the third finger) are close together and hooked with the fingertips in front of the pen tube; Put your thumb on the left side of the pen tube and your fingertips on the right (leaf); The middle part of the ring finger (fourth finger) nail extends into the pen tube near the middle finger, and the little finger is near the ring finger. In this way, the five fingers (cuān) surround the pen tube, the phalanges of the thumb protrude, and the palms are empty enough to put an egg in. This is called "the palm is empty."

What needs special attention here is that the thumb, index finger and middle finger must be together, the ring finger and little finger must be close to the middle finger, and the knuckles of the thumb must be prominent. (Figure 1)

8. The ancients wrote "Longan" and "Phoenix Eye". How to enforce the law?

A: The so-called "longan" and "phoenix eye" are just mysterious statements, which are actually the most disgusting. "Longan" law enforcement means that the forefinger and middle finger only hold the front end of the pen tube in an arc shape with their fingertips, the first joint of the ring finger pushes the top in the pen tube, and the right finger of the thumb pushes the meat on the left side of the pen tube, making the tiger's mouth form a circle. It is laborious and impractical to enforce the law in this way with a twist of the wrist.

As for the "phoenix eye" law enforcement, it is even more important. The index finger is high, the thumb is in the middle, the middle finger is below, and the three fingers are distributed in the upper, middle and lower sections, so that the ring finger and the little finger are naturally pinched in the palm, and the tiger's mouth is long and narrow, like the eye of a phoenix. The palm of your hand is pinched and the pen tip is inflexible, so the writer must pay attention to correcting it. In addition, some books also have the words "pinch the tube" and "lift the tube", which is also not practical.

9. Do you want to hold the pen tightly or loosely?

A: Don't write too loosely or too tightly. If it is too loose, the pen tube will fall off easily. If it is too tight, the pen tube will shake and your hands will get tired easily.

Take cycling as an example. Beginners tend to hold the handlebars tightly for fear of losing jiaozi, and as a result, they are more likely to fall down. Writing with a pen is the same as holding a handlebar, either loose or tight, just right.

According to legend, Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, saw that his younger son was dedicated to practicing calligraphy, but he actually pulled out his pen from behind, but did not pull it out. Because of this story, later generations mistakenly thought that the pen should be held tightly. In fact, writing according to the above method does not require a lot of finger force to hold the pen tube, and the pen tube is naturally as stable as Mount Tai. It's not easy to pull it out.

10. Do you want to hold the pen high or low?

A: The level of writing depends on the size of the words. The general principle is that the smaller the word, the lower the pen; The bigger the word, the higher the pen is raised. Generally speaking, when writing a lower case pen, the thumb is about four to five centimeters away from the nib; Write the middle letter (also called inch letter) slightly higher, and the thumb is about six to seven centimeters away from the pen tip; Write higher in capital letters, with your thumb about 7-8 cm from the tip of the pen. However, this is not a hard and fast rule. In addition to the size of words, there are also factors such as the length of the pen tube and the posture of writing (the difference between sitting and standing), which also affect the level of writing. Therefore, it is up to the author to experience and master a suitable scale.

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1 1. What is a writing brush?

A: The movement of the pen refers to the movement of the pen. Learning to use a pen is to learn how to use a pen to drop ink on paper and form a satisfactory stippling.

12, how to start writing?

Answer: The movement of the pen can be divided into vertical movement (vertical direction between the pen and the paper) and horizontal movement (front, back, left and right in the parallel direction between the pen and the paper).

Longitudinal movement mainly includes the following types:

Pen pause: Press the pen to call pen pause.

Pen lifting: lifting the pen to the top is called pen lifting.

Lateral movement mainly includes the following types:

Stroke: A stroke from one end to the other is called a stroke.

Writing: after stopping writing, lift the pen slightly and apply force in the opposite direction to make the nib perpendicular to the paper.

Stroke: A stroke from one end to the other is called a stroke.

Writing: after stopping writing, lift the pen slightly and apply force in the opposite direction to make the nib perpendicular to the paper.

Folding pen: when writing some pictures, you want to go down first, then up, then left and then right, change direction flatly and lightly, and deliberately expose the edges and corners. This kind of pen is called folding pen. For example, to write horizontally, first put the pen on the upper left, and then fold it to the lower right to write a square edge. This is a folding pen.

Turn the pen: the pen tip rotation is called turning the pen, which means writing stippling without edges and corners, such as "vertical bending"

Pen return: the direction of pen return after stopping is called pen return.

Stroke: A stroke is called a stroke when it is reversed. Unlike reverse strokes, reverse strokes are reverse strokes.

13, why can't I hold a pen with my finger?

Answer: If you move the pen tube with your fingers, the pen tube can't stay upright, and the range of motion of the pen tube is very small. I can barely cope with writing small words, but I can't write middle letters, big letters or even bigger words. Moreover, the fingers of the pen are not practical, and the words written are vain.

14. What posture should the wrist take?

Answer: The wrist must leave the desktop to make it hang. The suspended wrist must be flat and parallel to the desktop.

15, why should the wrist be flat?

Answer: You can keep the pen tube vertical by covering your wrist flat.

16. Should the pen tube always be vertical?

Answer: the pen tube can't be vertical forever, and it can and should be tilted if necessary.

For example, when writing a long straight painting, the pen tube will tilt forward from top to bottom with the pen gesture. If the straight drawing is too long, the pen tube will lean forward, and the horizontal brush gesture will turn from left to right, so the pen tube will tilt to the left. Other strokes, such as skimming and pressing, are also analogized (Figure 2). However, it should be noted that the pen tube can be tilted forward or left, but not backward or right. If it's backward or right, it's not a wrist.

17, how high should the wrist be hung?

A: The height of the wrist depends on the size of the handwriting, just like the height of a pen. Generally speaking, the wrist for writing Chinese characters is about four centimeters away from the desktop. Write big characters, hang your wrist high, away from the desktop, write small characters, hang your wrist low, away from the desktop. There are no hard and fast rules (Figure 3).

18, why do you want to hang your wrist?

Answer: If you write by hanging your wrist, you can make your hand rotate flexibly. If you don't write by hanging your wrist, you can't do it manually, and the pen tube will definitely not work normally.

19, novices hang their wrists and their hands will tremble. What should I do?

You must study hard, practice hard and persevere. There are two ways: one is to hold the pen tube upside down in your spare time, or take a chopstick, hold it according to the correct writing method, hang your wrist and circle around the table. After a period of practice, your wrist will gradually stabilize. The other is to put your left hand flat on the table and your right wrist on the back of your left hand to write. This practice is called "pillow wrist" (Figure 4). After a long time, the left hand can be removed and the right hand can be stabilized. These two methods can be used at the same time, and you can get the effect after practicing for a period of time.

20. Do you want to hang your wrist when writing a small note?

Answer: You should also hang your wrist when writing lowercase letters. It's difficult to start practicing fine print with your wrists dangling. You can use the above method to "pillow your wrist". You can also "lift your wrist", also called "virtual wrist".

That is to say, the elbow bone leans against the table, and the wrist clings to the table but not tightly, so it can move freely, that is, the wrist is the lowest.

How to write 2 1, banners and other big characters?

Answer: When writing slogans, banners and other big characters, you should not only hang your wrist, but also hang your elbow. This is "hanging the elbow" (Figure 5). Hanging elbows can be practiced at the same time as hanging wrists. Once the foundation is laid, you can run freely.

22. What should be the body posture when writing?

Answer: Write horizontally and vertically. When writing, you must stand or sit, and your body must be straight. Keep your head straight and lean forward slightly. The distance between the eyes and the paper is about one foot. If you draw a line between your eyes, it should be parallel to the table. You can write while sitting for less than three inches (Figure 6), and you can write while standing for more than three inches.

23. What is a pen?

A: Using a pen refers to the process of writing some pictures on paper with a pen tip.

24. How to use a pen?

A: The key to using a pen is only the words "don't droop, don't shrink, don't go, don't accept", which means that no matter what strokes, such as pointing, drawing, skimming and pressing, you must go and come, and you can't just go back. In other words, you should use "folding front" when starting a pen and "returning front" when closing a pen.

25. What is the "front"?

A: After the nib is twisted flat, it is looked after in the sun. There is a transparent part near the nib, which is the "front end". The elasticity of the pen is determined by the "front". The longer the front, the stronger the elasticity. When writing, the pen tip will fall off when pressed on the paper, and it will be straight when lifted. This is the role played by the "front line" (Figure 7).

26. What is a "folding front"?

A: "Folding front" is also called "reverse front", that is, when you start writing, the front end of the pen moves backwards. For example, draw horizontally from left to right. When writing, first turn the pen to the left, and then press it down gently to draw to the right. Draw directly from top to bottom. When writing, walk up against the pen, reach the top of the pen, gently press it to the lower right, and then draw down (Figure 8).

27. What is "before and after"?

A: "Back before" refers to the last stroke recovered. For example, draw horizontally to the pen collection place, slightly upward to the right, then gently downward to the right and move back to the middle; Draw all the way to the pen, gently lift it to the left, and then return to the middle (Figure 9). Any other strokes, such as clicking, picking, skimming and pressing, are also written in this way.

28. How to write a dot?

A: Take the most commonly used writing styles of Ou (), Yan (Yan Zhenqing) and Liu (Liu Gongquan) as examples to illustrate the writing styles of basic strokes with charts.

How to write the dot: (Figure I O);

29. How to write horizontally?

Answer: Write horizontally as follows (as shown in figure11);

30. How to write vertically?

Answer: Write vertically as follows (Figure12);

3 1, how to write the hook?

Answer: The hook is written like this.

32. How to write it?

Answer: The way to pick goods is as follows (Figure 14):

33. How to write it?

A: Skimming is written as follows (Figure 15):

34. How to write it?

A: Si is written as follows (Figure 16):

35. How do you write the discount?

Answer; The folded writing is as follows (Figure 17):

36. How did Ge write it?

A: Ge wrote it like this (Figure 18):

37. Do I have to write like this for every pen?

A: Every pen should write like this.

38. Why do you have to write like this?

Answer; This writing can become a pen. Take horizontal painting as an example: when writing horizontal painting, use the reverse pen to make the nib fall to the right like L, and then turn it to the left to make it look like J. At this time, the nib is flat on the paper, in the middle of the painting, and can't get up or down. The nib is still straight until it is collected, which is called "middle" or "front" in calligraphy terminology.

39. Isn't it slow and laborious to write like this?

Answer: This writing is certainly slower than not using the center, because it takes more rotation time to start and close the pen. But the middle section is still fast, so it's not too slow. After writing a habit, you will naturally reverse the pen at the beginning, and you will not feel tired when you go back to the front.

40. What's wrong with not writing like this?

Answer: If all pens and signature pens don't use "reverse pen" and "reverse pen", but follow the stroke, casually point to draw, or mop the floor like a mop (this is called "eccentric stroke", and the stroke is tilted to one side, as shown in figure 19), then the stroke just floats on the paper, which will not be very calm, and a long stroke will be written in the middle, and the ink stored in the pen will also be used.

4 1, line, grass, official script should be written like this?

A: The official script must be written like this. Its turning point is the same as regular script, but it is more exaggerated. For example (Figure 2 1) and so on. Running script and cursive script don't have to be exactly the same.

42. How to write running script and cursive script?

A: Regular script is written one by one, so each stroke can be reversed. The cursive script is not like this. Running script sometimes writes two strokes, sometimes three strokes, and cursive script writes a lot, so it is unnecessary and impossible to reverse every stroke like regular script. Generally speaking, there is no need to put pen to paper backwards (including connecting upper and lower characters); If you start alone, you have to go back to the front. However, because cursive script is more agile than regular script, we often can't see the traces of reverse strokes in the French posts, which is the so-called "meaning is not enough."

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43. What is structure?

A: Structure is the organization of stippling.

44. What is a shelf?

A: Rack refers to the arrangement of glyphs.

45. Why should writing pay attention to structure and shelf?

A: If the structure is good, stippling will have momentum;

46. What are the structural requirements?

A: The structural requirements are simply ten words, namely: fairness, symmetry, coherence, flexibility and change.

47. What is leveling?

Answer: "Fairness" is what we often call "horizontal and vertical", which is a basic principle of stippling structure. However, it should be noted that the "flat" of "horizontal and vertical" is not a general flat, but a flat with oblique potential. Because people's eyes are visually unbalanced, the horizontal painting is really flat, because the illusion of the eyes looks like it has fallen to the right (Figure 22). Therefore, the horizontal painting must be slightly inclined, but not too inclined. The approximate plot slope should be about 5-7 (Figure 23). Beyond this angle, it is too oblique (Figure 24); Less than this angle, even if it is peaceful (Figure 25), it will not look good. The so-called vertical means that every straight painting, whether in the middle, left and right, up and down, should be drawn straight, and it is not allowed to draw sideways (except for the left straight painting of the door, the straight painting of "Yi" and "Yi").

48. What is symmetry?

Answer: "Symmetry" refers to the proper arrangement of each word and stroke according to the font, not "uniformity". Because glyphs are different in length and size, the number and inclination of strokes are also different. For example, every word is written in the same size as a square, and every stroke is written in the same length and uniformity, but it looks unpleasant. Generally speaking, if there are many strokes, you should write more carefully; Write a little fatter if you have fewer strokes; In each word, the arrangement of stippling should be appropriate. Try to draw more words and give an example vertically (Figure 26):

49. What is coherence?

A: "Coherence" means that the direction is related to the painting, echoing each other, and there is an organic connection between the strokes, instead of every stroke being put aside and irrelevant. Paying attention to the coherent echo between strokes can make the whole word look magnificent and vivid. Take "point" as an example (Figure 27).

50. What is alienation?

Answer; "Side shift" means that the stippling of each part of a word gives way to each other and echoes each other, so that words with more strokes do not appear dense and words with fewer strokes do not appear sparse. For example, the word "Yan" in the "mountain" is short, making way for the "Yan" on both sides; The word "force" in the word "do" is written lower, giving way to the shoulders of the word "faith" on both sides; For example, the words next to "horse", "pen" and "bird" should be written straight on the left to make room for the half word on the right; Other words with left and right radicals are also analogized (Figure 28).

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