Talking about the Engineering Corps Building Roads on the Mountain and Bridging Bridges in the Water.

Talking about the Engineering Corps Building Roads on the Mountain and Bridging Bridges in the Water.

When encountering water, engineers have to open roads and bridges on every mountain. Engineers are specialized arms that undertake engineering support tasks, and their core functions and missions are: first, to protect their own mobility, second, to resist the enemy's mobility, and third, to protect their own viability. There are three characteristics:

There are many tasks, so it is difficult and dangerous to go there.

A little more means that there is work to be done everywhere, and a little wider means that there is work to be done at home and abroad in peacetime; Where are the difficulties and dangers? There are engineers fighting in all kinds of urgent and dangerous situations. For example, when troops encounter obstacles in their maneuvers, they will urgently build roads and bridges.

Minesweeping and breaking obstacles when opening channels in battle, and preventing the enemy from maneuvering, laying mines and setting obstacles when attacking; Conduct engineering reconnaissance when the enemy's situation is unknown, and find out the enemy's engineering facilities and the strength, equipment, combat capability and actions of the engineering corps; In order to improve viability, build and maintain command posts and fortifications, strengthen camouflage protection, find water sources, drill wells and build water supply stations.

In peacetime, it is also necessary to undertake the construction, maintenance and emergency repair tasks of military facilities such as military ports, airports and missile bases, undertake local emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks, and complete tasks such as camp construction, road repair, facility construction, defensive position construction and weapons and ammunition destruction in international peacekeeping missions.

It is precisely because engineers have several jobs that their composition is not only more, but also very different from each other. There are engineers in all countries' armed forces and services, which are usually composed of engineers (including road, bridge, city and mine blasting), pontoon bridge, construction, engineering maintenance, camouflage, water supply engineering and other professional units (detachments), and have the ability to quickly carry out various engineering operations and perform certain combat tasks.

But the country is different. For example, the American Corps of Engineers also includes geographic information engineering (called surveying and mapping 20 years ago) to enhance the awareness of the battlefield environment.

There are many kinds of equipment, exquisite skills and unique skills.

Engineers rely on convenient tools to engage in complex technical work. Engineering equipment includes about 2000 kinds of engineering technical equipment, engineering ammunition and engineering equipment, which can be divided into four categories: first, equipment that needs to overcome obstacles in rivers, lakes and ditches: light portal bridges, heavy pontoons, special pontoons, light mechanized bridges, heavy mechanized bridges, heavy truss bridges, tank trucks and so on.

Second, it is necessary for the accompanying troops to perform engineering support and national defense construction tasks under field conditions: trencher, digger, bulldozer, loader, excavator, grader, drilling rig, etc.

Third, mine-laying, mine-clearing and destruction operations need to be carried out: rocket mine-laying vehicles, mechanical mine-laying vehicles, timed mine-laying devices, tripping mine-laying devices, tracked (wheeled) automatic mine-laying vehicles, rocket mine-clearing vehicles, rocket blasters, mine-sweeping plows, etc.

Fourth, the implementation of battlefield camouflage needs: camouflage net, camouflage clothing, camouflage paint, camouflage smoke screen, corner reflector, camouflage work car, fake target and so on. The number of engineers' equipment is also surprisingly high, with an average of 35-90 pieces per soldier, while other services and arms have an average of 6-8 pieces per soldier, which is difficult to reach.

Engineers are equipped with high technology, and everyone has their own unique skills, which is hard to replace. For example, the Russian MTU-2020 bridge tank can build a bridge in about 5 minutes to help all kinds of vehicles cross ditches, rivers or other obstacles within 27 meters wide.

The American M58A3 rocket towed in-line charging minesweeper (MICLIC) is installed on the trailer, which can be towed by M 1 13 armored vehicles, M2/M3 bradley chariots, M9 armored combat bulldozers, etc. , firing a series of in-line charges with a length of about107m, including 793.8kgC4 explosive, evenly distributed around nylon rope and detonating cord.

It can be towed on undulating terrain and is suitable for all kinds of weather conditions. The launcher and trailer can be reused, and it only takes 30 minutes to reload the new rocket and in-line charge. Russian ground inflatable decoy is mainly used to simulate tanks, fighter planes and other targets parked on the ground, which can be "deployed" within ten minutes to confuse the enemy's visible light satellite reconnaissance.

The role continues to be prominent, and the future has a long way to go.

Modern warfare shows that with the continuous expansion of the functions and tasks of engineers, their status and role are constantly improving. This requires engineers to be not only of high quality, but also of large scale. In the Iraq war, American engineers were all over the battlefield, and their performance was amazing everywhere. * * * The number of people participating in the war is 24,000, accounting for 20% of the total force on the ground.

This is also a summary of the experience and lessons of the Iraq war. While adjusting the army's establishment and reducing 13 brigade-level combat teams, the US military expanded the engineering company of brigade-level combat teams into engineering barracks, and increased the number of independent engineering brigades from 16 to 10034, and the total number of posts increased from 83,434 to 1 10034.

The heavy engineering company did not have armored assault vehicles at first. Later, it not only added armored assault vehicles and armored bridge vehicles, but also added explosive-disposal robots and remote mine-clearing systems, thus greatly enhancing the engineering strength. In recent years, the use intensity and frequency of Russian engineering troops have greatly increased, and their work has been fruitful.

For example, in Syria and Laos, more than 6,500 hectares of land and 65,438+10,000 dangerous explosives in17,000 buildings were cleared. However, it is not enough to train Russian military engineers only by relying on the existing two colleges. Therefore, it was decided to set up a military engineering college. The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine highlights the value of engineers. Recently, in order to help Ukrainian farmers plow their fields in spring, Russian military engineers cleared 654.38+200,000 mines laid by the Ukrainian army in the fields. According to experts' estimation, it will take at least 10- 15 years to complete all demining work after the end of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

In the future, efficient and versatile engineers and highly intelligent engineers and equipment will dominate the battlefield. For example, the functions of the new engineering barracks of the US military are more diverse, and their abilities of opening roads and bridges, clearing mines and breaking obstacles, crossing ravines and building fortifications are significantly enhanced. Another example is the "Leopard" remote control position operation vehicle, which can not only set up obstacles and remove obstacles, but also build and improve traffic trenches. The car is also equipped with 12 auxiliary operation devices, which can complete nearly 20 operations such as concrete mixing, pile pulling and mine sweeping. Another example is the POM-3 "Medal" smart mine used by the Russian army in this Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The biggest highlight is the use of "intelligent" control unit, which can distinguish whether nearby personnel are soldiers or civilians through ground vibration, and automatically detonate after being judged as enemy soldiers; Can distinguish animals from tanks, armored vehicles, etc. , in order to avoid accidental injury; It has the function of prevention and elimination, and can kill engineers who perform mine action; It can also be controlled remotely, and engineers can reset or close the minefield or even self-destruct as needed, which saves the danger and trouble of clearing the remaining mines.