What should be paid attention to in the management and protection of edible fungi in high temperature weather?

At present, it has entered the hottest "dog days" high temperature mode in a year, which will bring severe challenges to the safety of mushroom sticks and the production of auricularia auricula sticks in our province! Before the high temperature passed, the rainstorm came again. Experts suggest the cultivation and management of edible fungi, and mastering these four methods can safely spend the summer.

I. Precautions for Safe Use

When buying and transporting strains during high temperatures, you should do so sooner or later. It is suggested to transport strains by refrigerated trucks. It is necessary to prevent the strain from being exposed to the truck. The purchased strains should be stored in a cool and clean place for early use. Strains should be purchased from qualified strain farms, and tickets and cultivation materials should be obtained. The introduction of new varieties should be tested and demonstrated first, and should not be blindly introduced and popularized on a large scale.

Second, the cultivation and management measures during the high temperature period

Mushroom mycelium is very sensitive to external temperature. When the temperature is higher than 35℃, the mycelium may die, commonly known as "burning bacteria", leading to rotten sticks. Don't turn the rod at high temperature, so as to avoid the rod heating up due to the respiratory vibration of mycelium. Special attention should be paid to the summer management of "135" varieties with weak stress resistance in low altitude areas and mushroom sticks cultivated in double bags.

During high temperature, it is forbidden to take measures such as bag cutting, puncture and ventilation. Prevent air from entering the inside of the fungus stick, enhance the respiration of mycelium and raise the temperature of the fungus pile. Perforation ventilation should be carried out before high temperature or after the weather turns cold. The punching amount can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the dry and wet conditions of materials, and the punching amount of bacteria sticks with high water content should be increased in batches in the same room. Ventilation and heat dissipation should be strengthened within 2-3 days after perforation to prevent hyphae from dying due to high temperature.

Third, postpone the inoculation period appropriately, and bag and rest after inoculation.

The inoculation period of Auricularia auricula can be arranged after beginning of autumn, and inoculated in the morning and evening. After strict disinfection, it can be inoculated in an inoculation box or a clean inoculation room. The roof height of auricularia auricula cultivation shed should be above 3.5 meters, and the cooling effect of black and white film is better. Bagging can be used for rest, and the stacking height should be less than 5 layers to reduce the self-heating of the fungus sticks. During high temperature, spray cooling measures can be taken at the roof of the shed to enhance the air circulation in the shed.

Fourth, strengthen ventilation and cooling, and strictly prevent stuffy piles from burning bacteria.

Advocate outdoor sunshade to produce bacteria. Outdoor shade shed has good ventilation and rapid cooling, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of "stuffy pile" and "mushroom burning". Mushroom farms can plant fast-growing trees such as poplar for shade, and vines such as pumpkin and loofah can be planted around the mushroom shed. The sunshade net or reflective film is used to shield the roof and its surrounding environment, and should be set higher and thicker to improve the sunshade effect. In the case of continuous high temperature, sprinklers can be installed on the roof of the shed before 10: 00 and after 4: 00 pm to cool down, and communication ditches can be dug around the shed and on both sides of the sidewalk in the shed to introduce "horse racing water" to cool down. For those who don't need ditch irrigation to cool down, try to drain to a lower shelf.

Indoor ventilation management should be strengthened in summer. If it is indoor in summer, bacteria should be produced in the well-ventilated ground floor room which is cool in summer. In addition to evacuation and stacking density, attention should also be paid to adding sunshade facilities around the training room, such as setting up a arbor and hanging a sunshade net. Close the doors and windows near noon and ventilate at night. In hot days, you can put several water basins indoors and use fans to ventilate and dissipate heat. The relative humidity of the air can be controlled at about 70%. If conditions permit, you can also spray water on the floor tiles to cool down and avoid the room temperature being higher than 33℃ for a long time.

Five, do a good job in the treatment of contaminated bacteria sticks

The early local rotten fungus sticks can form healthy hyphae by digging out the rotten fungus blocks, and then wrap them with slightly higher concentration of quicklime solution or bactericide to control the further spread of germs. For the mushroom sticks that have been completely "burnt", the bag can be broken and dried as soon as possible for reuse. Before the end of September, mushroom sticks can be made in plain areas, but varieties with short fungus age, such as L868, should be selected.

6. Actively respond to possible typhoons and rainstorms.

July and August are typhoon seasons in our province. Typhoon transit areas should publicize and mobilize edible fungi parks and production bases, evacuate residents living in mushroom sheds, repair and strengthen edible fungi greenhouses and covering materials to prevent mushroom sticks from being flooded by rain. The main body of edible fungi and the mushroom stick field in the factory that is still organizing production should be arranged with special personnel on duty, focusing on ensuring the safety of electricity consumption.