How to write the water-saving research report?

Saving water, price adjustment is inevitable.

If there is anything that can make the whole people care about saving water, it is water price.

For a long time, China has been implementing welfare water price, and the low water price is very unfavorable to water saving. On the one hand, people cherish water only in words, not in action; On the other hand, low water price causes insufficient investment in urban water supply and pollution control, which not only limits the development of water supply, but also limits the recycling of sewage. Therefore, it is imperative to adjust the water price, establish a set of water price formation mechanism and management mechanism that meet the requirements of market economy development, gradually increase the price of urban water supply, and promote water conservation in the whole society.

Water is not "inexhaustible", it is a resource and commodity with low renewable capacity and high value. Using the principle of economic leverage to promote people's water saving not only conforms to the principle of commodity economy, but also protects and saves water resources, which is a multi-purpose thing. The knowledge that water is a commodity did not exist in people's minds in the past. Because of this, there have been low water prices in management and widespread waste of water resources.

The water price reform involves a wide range, which is directly related to the vital interests and affordability of the people, and is not a simple price increase issue. Therefore, how to reform has become the focus of close attention.

The Tenth Five-Year Plan outlines the establishment of a reasonable water resources management system and a water price formation mechanism, which sets the goal for water price reform. The direction of urban water price reform is to gradually implement the two-part water price system combining capacity and measurement and step-by-step water price measurement, and establish a sound and reasonable water price formation mechanism. While gradually adjusting the water price within the quota, the price difference between the water used outside the quota and the water used within the quota will be widened, and the excess progressive price increase system will be implemented, so that the excess water will pay a higher economic price. The implementation of this policy has two advantages. First, water charges will not become too much burden for low-income residents. The second is to use price leverage to promote water saving. The practice in other provinces and cities and abroad proves that this method is completely feasible, and the key is to work hard on "rationality". Too low water price is a loss-making business and the most unreasonable.

Saving water and applying water-saving appliances are the key.

Saving water is an arduous and complicated project, but we must start from small things and start from little by little, which is exactly the saying, "If you don't accumulate small streams, you can't become a river." Therefore, the development, popularization and application of water-saving appliances involving thousands of households are bound to become the key to urban water conservation. In the process of urban water supply and use, leakage is very serious. According to the survey data, 20% of the average water consumption of residential buildings is caused by loss, and 10- 15% is caused by the fact that the excess water can not be reused (for example, the excess water from washing clothes can be used to mop the floor and flush toilets, and the excess water from washing vegetables can be used to water flowers, etc.). If the reuse of water-saving appliances and surplus water can reduce these losses by half, the whole country can save dozens of them every year. Experiments show that the faucet drips water at the speed of one drop per second, and 240 ml of clean water can be lost in 35 minutes, so 36 tons of clean water will be dripped in a year. In fact, there are indeed many such faucets in thousands of households, and even some faucets in public places have been dripping for many years, but no one cares.

In order to popularize new water-saving appliances and technologies, people have done a lot of work to make these appliances and technologies play a role in water saving. The state and our province publish a number of designated water-saving products every year, clearly stipulating that water-saving appliances must be used in new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects. In 2000, Beijing introduced 26 water-saving measures, including: compulsory elimination of spiral lifting cast iron faucets and distribution of 2 million water-saving faucets to residents at a cost of more than 40 million yuan; Forced to use automatic circulating water facilities in the car wash. After washing the car with circulating water, some car washes only charge 90 yuan a month. It is reported that Shanghai, Nanjing, Jinan and other cities have also banned 9-liter toilets, promoted the use of 6-liter toilets and forced the use of water-saving faucets.

Although all parties began to actively promote the use of new water-saving appliances and new water-saving technologies, the popularity of these appliances and technologies and their obvious role in water-saving have not yet appeared, thus forming an embarrassing situation of "applauding without being a seat". Old-fashioned toilets and faucets are still widely used, and traditional car washing methods are still everywhere. The reasons for this phenomenon are summarized as follows:

0? 2- Water-saving consciousness is not strong, and there is a lack of sufficient understanding and enthusiasm for using water-saving appliances and technologies.

0? 2- Low water price leads to the lack of market for new water-saving appliances and new water-saving technologies.

0? 2- The relevant policies are not strong enough, and the rewards and punishments are not clear.

0? 2- Old electrical appliances and old technologies are widely used, so it is difficult to eliminate them, and the implementation of "three simultaneities" is not in place.

0? 2? 0? 2- The high price of water-saving appliances affects people's purchase and use.

In view of these problems, the relevant state departments are actively formulating countermeasures to further develop urban water-saving work. "Strengthening urban water-saving work, forcibly eliminating water-wasting appliances and equipment, popularizing water-saving appliances and equipment, and strengthening the research and development of water-saving technologies and equipment and the construction of water-saving facilities" are the goals and requirements put forward in the outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan. Water-saving appliances are water-saving hardware, which can effectively curb the waste of water resources, so it is in the fundamental interests of the country and people to popularize and use them as soon as possible. This is the key to urban water-saving work.

Saving water calls for the perfection of laws and regulations.

Since the early 1990s, the State Council has approved and promulgated the Regulations on Urban Water Conservation and the Regulations on Urban Water Supply. The Ministry of Construction, the State Economic and Trade Commission and the State Planning Commission jointly formulated and promulgated policies and regulations such as "Guide to Water-saving Cities", and our province successively promulgated local regulations such as "Regulations on Water Resources Management in Shaanxi Province", "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Water Permit System in Shaanxi Province" and "Regulations on Municipal Public Facilities Management in Shaanxi Province". These laws and policies have played a positive role in promoting the development of urban water conservation. However, most of these policies, regulations and standards are principled and instructive, and they are not strong enough for urban water-saving work with strong technology. Water-saving practice calls for the improvement and refinement of laws and regulations as soon as possible, making water-saving a legal system that all walks of life and every city resident must follow.

It is reported that the relevant state departments and our province have been working hard to formulate and improve policies, regulations and standards in the following three aspects: First, formulate and implement mandatory standards for water-saving appliances. The standard will clearly stipulate that all newly built, rebuilt and expanded houses in the city must use water-saving appliances. Whether the construction unit or the architectural design unit continues to use sanitary ware and accessories that have been explicitly eliminated by the state in violation of regulations, it will be severely punished in accordance with relevant regulations. It also stipulates that the replacement and transformation of water appliances that do not meet the water-saving requirements in existing public buildings and residential buildings of various units should be completed within a time limit, and active measures should be taken to encourage and guide residents to replace water appliances that do not meet the water-saving requirements in existing houses as soon as possible. The second is to formulate the leakage rate control standard and detection specification of urban water supply network. The standard requires further deepening the management system reform of urban water supply enterprises, strengthening cost constraints, promoting water supply enterprises to strengthen the daily inspection and maintenance of tap water pipe network, and reducing the leakage rate of pipe network below the control standard as soon as possible; If the leakage rate is above 15%, it should be rectified within a time limit. At the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, all water supply networks in large and medium-sized cities that have been in operation for more than 50 years must be completely transformed. The third is to study and formulate water quota standards for urban residents. The purpose of this standard is not to limit the normal water demand of residents, but to promote people to change the extensive water use habits and concepts formed under the condition of low water price for many years, enhance the awareness of water saving of the whole people and establish a correct water use concept through quota management.

Save water, start with me.

Whether people have water-saving consciousness is very important for the smooth development of water-saving work.

What is people's awareness of water conservation at present? Needless to say, people's awareness of water conservation is still quite weak, and the waste of water resources is still everywhere. A considerable number of people's understanding of water still stays at the level of "tap water", that is, they think that water is inexhaustible and there is no need to make a fuss about wasting a little water. They even think that water is not as expensive as oil, but as light as water. Although others realize the value of water, they don't know enough about the urgency of water shortage, and saving water has not yet become their conscious action.

Why is it that people's awareness of water saving is still so weak and the waste of water resources is still so serious after 20 years of water saving work? This is because, first of all, people living in cities rarely feel short of water. For consumers, they seldom think about the long term, neither worry about the near future nor worry about the long term. For them, using water is really a breeze, and their experience has always stayed in the simple action of turning on and off the tap. As for the difficulty of opening up water sources, the complicated process of making water and purifying water, and the huge project of investing huge sums of money to solve urban water use, they either turn a blind eye or know little about it. Then, it is not surprising that their awareness of water conservation is weak. Secondly, in the past, our water-saving propaganda only relied on small articles in the media, without "household name" propaganda and effective compulsory measures, which could not play a direct role in cultivating good water-saving habits. Thirdly, we should also see that good habits and consciousness are gradually formed, as is the formation and improvement of water-saving consciousness. This is a process that takes some time.

So, how to strengthen people's awareness of water conservation? We can't artificially make everyone feel the fear of water shortage, nor can we wait endlessly for people to improve themselves. Therefore, we can only strive to strengthen the awareness of water conservation. Besides the important and necessary economic measures such as raising water price, collecting sewage treatment fee, checking domestic water quota, and increasing the price progressively beyond the quota, we should also attach great importance to publicity, education and supervision. It is every citizen's duty to strengthen education and publicity on the serious shortage of water resources in various touching and effective forms, so that all citizens can grasp the truth, master the scientific knowledge of water use, establish a correct concept of water, enhance the awareness of water crisis in the whole society, and know how to protect water resources and water environment. Change the backward concept and habit of water use, turn water saving into everyone's conscious behavior and responsibility, and pay attention to cultivating children's original consciousness of knowing how to save water and I want to save water from an early age.

As long as everyone "starts from me", the prospect of saving water and love the water will be bright.

Saving water must start from everyone. Lonely waiting