Detailed data collection of Li Yong (calligrapher of Tang Dynasty)

Li Yong (678-747) was a native of Taihe, Jiangxia, Ezhou (now Jiangxia District, Wuchang City, Hubei Province). Tang Dynasty minister, calligrapher, son of Li Shan, bachelor of arts.

When a young man is knowledgeable and versatile, he will become famous. He started as a proofreader, moved to the left to pick up the remains, transferred to the accounting department as a doctor, transferred to the temple as a consultant, transferred to the state secretariat, and transferred to Beihai Prefecture, which was called "Li Beihai" and "Li Kuo Prefecture". Li, the prime minister, was framed by Li, the minister of the DPRK, and died under the stick at the age of 70. Tang Daizong acceded to the throne, posthumously awarded the secretary of the prison.

As a great calligrapher, Li Houzhu praised "Li Yong was angry with the right general and lost his body". "Xuanhe Pu Shu" "Li Yong is good at calligraphy, and his cursive name remains. It is wonderful for beginners to learn Wang Youjun's method, but after getting rid of the old habits, the brushwork is new. Monuments handed down from ancient times include Lushan Temple Monument and Li Sixun Monument.

Basic introduction: Li Yong's real name: Li Beihai, also known as Li Kuo's country name: Zitaihe's time: Tang nationality: birthplace of Han nationality: Yangzhou, Jiangsu, date of birth: 678, date of death: 747 years' life story, main achievements, writing inscriptions, mastering calligraphy, being like an elephant in the North Sea, being like a book, having great influence, personal works, Li Sixun Monument, Lushan Temple Monument, and character evaluation. In the fourth year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty (AD 745), Du Fu and Li Bai, two superstars in China's poetry circles, both traveled to Qilu in Guqi House (now Jinan City), leaving behind countless well-known poems. The news of Du Fu's arrival spread like wildfire and soon spread to Beihai, which is Yidu in Shandong today. Li Yong, then the satrap of Beihai, couldn't sit still and rushed to qi zhou to meet Du Fu for several days. This is a great event. When Li Yong was 68 years old, he was already famous all over the world. Du Fu was only a 33-year-old epigenetic at this time, and his reputation was far from reaching the level of a poet. But Li Yong has a good eye for pearls, and he has foreseen the light of this new star. Unfortunately, he didn't see it. The banquet of the meeting is arranged in the newly-built Lixia Pavilion. Li Yong, Du Fu and Li Zhifang all attended, and there may be many celebrities from qi zhou coming out to accompany them. It should be especially mentioned that Li Bai was also in qi zhou at this time. In the third year of Tianbao, he met Du Fu in Luoyang and traveled eastward together. He believed in Taoism and was recorded in the Purple Pole Palace. I don't know if this is because of Taoist regulations, or maybe there are other reasons. The poet, who is good at drinking, didn't come to drink this cup of wine, otherwise Li Bai's poems would have stayed at the Lixia Pavilion. Li Yong had a long talk with Du Fu about the history of poetry, and also talked about Du Fu's grandfather Du Shenyan, which made Du Fu very grateful. At this banquet, Du Fu left a beautiful sentence: "There are many celebrities in Jinan, and the sea is here." . Li Yong is famous for his willingness to make friends with celebrities. The history book says: "People who have a bad reputation and are often criticized are all educated." Li Yong's gold can be used to pay for his huge expenses of making friends, but it is not common for Li Yong to have money. At this time, he was suspected of embezzling public funds. When Du Fu and Li Bai met Li Yong in Tianbao four years ago, he had just had a narrow escape. In the 13th year of Kaiyuan, in 725 AD, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty returned to Chang 'an and drove through Bianzhou. Li Yong came to see him from Zhou Chen, and presented several poems in succession, which won the appreciation of Xuanzong. So Li Yong got a little carried away, boasting that he "got into the right business" by virtue of his talent. At that time, Li Yong was only the secretariat of Chen Zhou, which was a bit harsh. It happened that Zhang Shuo, the head of the Secretariat, heard it. Soon after, Li Yong embezzled public funds in Chen Zhou Post, and Zhang Shuo took out old scores. These two accounts are counted together, and the sentence of imprisonment is: crime is death. Fortunately, a Xuzhou man named Kong Zhang wrote a letter to Tang Xuanzong to save Li Yong. This letter was so well written that it moved Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, relieved Li Yong of the death penalty and was demoted to Zunhua County Commandant of Qinzhou. Kong Zhang died in Lingxi (present-day Guangdong). These two people who have experienced life and death have never met. Kong Zhang's recitation basically summed up the merits and demerits of Li Yong's life. This sincere and sincere writing adds to the legend of Li Yong, especially for Li Bai, who is frustrated in his official career and despises powerful people. Li Bai was also very helpful and spent all his money generously. When he came to Qilu, he naturally went to visit the legendary middleman. In the fourth year of Tianbao, they met Li Yong, the capital of Yidu. Li Bai was 44 years old. In Yidu, Li Bai heard another legendary story about Li Yong's self-sacrifice and helping others. This is a woman whose husband was murdered. The woman retaliated with a knife, assassinated the real murderer and went to prison. The crime was sentenced to death. At this time, Li Yong spared no effort to spare the court and saved the woman. From this, Li Bai wrote the narrative Yuefu "Woman in the East China Sea": "The more you learn the sword, the higher you soar. Give your life for your husband, regardless of your life. The white blade is shining with snowflakes, and the sky feels sincere ... Obviously, the couple are angry and just. The king of Beihai filed a complaint with the court. The court ruled that the police were exempted from the habit. In the name of martyrs, bamboo silk has been honored. " Two years after sending Du Fu and Li Bai away, Li Yong was politically persecuted by the traitor Li. The thing is, the arrogant Li Yong refused to listen to Kong Zhang's advice of "doing good" and once again asked the public for money and "doing bad things", but this was not enough to ruin his life. The real reason is that Cao Liuji, Zuo Xiaowei of Chang 'an, is at odds with Du, his father-in-law, slandering Du for taking the East Palace exam and suing the emperor. This is nonsense, but it was caught by Li. He ordered the trial and found that Liu Ji was the culprit, but somehow Liu Ji and his father-in-law Du died. During the trial, it was found out that Li Yong had given Liu Ji a horse, so he was implicated as a "legacy", and because Li Yong had a personal relationship with Pei Dunfu, the satrap of Zichuan, Pei Dunfu had recommended Li Yong to Beihai. Pei Dunfu was also implicated. The cruel Li immediately ordered his two minions to go to Shandong and "kill Li Yong and Pei Dunfu" in Shandong County. Li Yong is seventy years old. This has been Tianbao for six years. When Li Tang Dynasty was turned into white terror by Li. Li Yong is not afraid of death, so he remonstrated many times. When Wu Zetian went to court, he worshipped Zuo to clean up the mess. In front of Emperor Zetian, he dared to accuse Zhang Changzong brothers, the confidant of Emperor Zetian, of abusing their power to seek personal gain together with Beijing. Wu Zetian wanted to get angry, but she didn't have an attack. She hesitated for a long time and accepted the criticism of Song Jing and Li Yong. This is what Kong Zhang said, "When Zhang Yizhi uses his power, people are afraid of his mouth, but it will only break his horn". It can be seen that Li Fulin is more cruel than Wu Zetian in eliminating dissidents and killing people of insight such as Li Yong. Du Fu was deeply saddened by the death of Li Yong. He cried and said, "Potuo has blood in Qingzhou, and Qiang has no disease in Wenyang." Li Bai was very angry and sighed. He shouted, "If there were no Beihai in Li See, where would the heroic spirit of Britain be today?" ? You don't see Pei Shangshu, but there are three feet of Artemisia spines in the grave. "In the past, we told the story of 1200 years ago in Qilu, and it is still a song and three sighs! The main achievements are writing inscriptions and other works, especially praising monuments. The book of good deeds changed Wang Xizhi's method and brushwork. After Li Shimin's "Jinci Inscription", he wrote "Jinci Inscription" in running script, which was famous for a while. His book style is magnificent, with dense structure and vigorous brushwork. Handed down works include Duanzhou Stone Chamber, Lushan Temple Monument, Huokeji Monument, Yunhui General Li Sixun Monument and Yunhui General Li Xiu Monument. In Notes on Shu Fu, Dou Meng of Tang Dynasty said: "On poetry, Wang Wei and Cui Hao are both called;" On Pen Power, Wang Jin and Li Yong; Zu Yong and Zhang said they could not predict. " In the book, Li is called the immortal hand. It is a text, longer than a monument and more important than a book. The Tang Dynasty said that Li Yong wrote 800 pieces before and after. Du Fu's poem says: "The door is full of dry words, and the monument is taken for four generations. The coral hook of the abundant house, Kirin weaves into the cave. Purple Sui followed the sword several times, and the righteousness was not empty. "Proficient in Calligraphy" Li Yong's calligraphy starts with "two kings", which can be used inside and outside. Li Houzhu said, "Li Yong was furious with General Right. "Just say what Li Yong is good at learning." "Xuan He Shu Pu" said: "Yong is good at calligraphy, and the cursive name stays. It is wonderful to learn the correct general method for the first time, but you should get rid of the old habits and have a new pen power. "Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, inscriptions and stone carvings have been written in official books. After entering the Tang Dynasty, Li Yong changed to write inscriptions with lines. The personality of calligraphy is very obvious, the font is high on the left and low on the right, and the brushwork is vigorous and powerful, giving people a feeling of danger and lightness. He advocated innovation, inheritance and development of ancient calligraphy. He once said, "Those who are like me should be vulgar, and those who learn from me will die. "Su Dongpo and Mi Yuanzhang both absorbed some of his characteristics, and Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty also tried his best to pursue his brushwork, from which he learned the calligraphy realm of" elegant demeanor ". He had a great influence on later generations. In July, 2008, Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education took Li Yong's calligraphy font as the writing teaching material for compulsory education in Zhejiang Province. I believe that the word Li will be as rich as the word Wang in the near future. Beihai, like Li Yong, is good at poetry and calligraphy, especially regular script. At that time, clothes and many temples in China and North Korea often rewarded them with gold, silver and wealth, and asked him to write articles and memorials. He wrote 800 articles for people in his life, and earned tens of thousands of yuan for polishing. However, he remains loyal and cherishes talents, and often uses these family assets to save loneliness and help others. Li Yong's inscriptions are often engraved by Fu Lingzhi, Huang Xianhe and Sheng Yuan Jishuo. According to the textual research of Yang Shen's "Dan Yin Lu" in Ming Dynasty, these three people are probably also aliases of Li Yong. His handed down works include Ye Youdao Monument, Duanzhou Stone Chamber Monument, Lushan Temple Monument, Tolin Temple Monument, Hawke Ji Monument, Yunhui General Li Sixun Monument, Yunhui General Li Xiu Monument and so on. Li Sixun Monument and Yuelu Mountain Temple Monument are the most important handed down books. Li Yong's "Sunny Hot Post" Li Yong was the magistrate of Beihai, so he was called "Li Beihai". Li Yong's calligraphy art was highly respected at that time and later generations, and his personality and talent were even more respected by the world. His father, Shan Li, is an upright and knowledgeable man. After being demoted, he concentrated on his studies. His 60-volume Selected Works of Xiao Tong is considered as one of the most important annotations. Li Yong is talented and inherited his family's studies from an early age. When he was a teenager, he was famous for being good at writing poems. However, in his official career, he was demoted many times because he was not afraid of powerful people. In his later years, he was assassinated in Beihai, was convicted and imprisoned by Prime Minister Li, and was beaten to death by cruel officials. Books are like people, and Li Yong's calligraphy can be said to be a portrayal of his personality to some extent. His calligraphy was first learned in the Right Army, and he also participated in the regular script and running script of schools such as Beibei Monument in the early Tang Dynasty, which changed his calligraphy style and formed his own distinctive style. " "Xuanhe Shupu" says: Li Yong, a beginner, changed the practice of the right army, which was ups and downs, that is, he got rid of the old habits and changed his brushwork. Li called it a "fairy hand in a book", and Pei Xiu saw its tablet cloud: "Look at the book of Beihai and want to see its elegance. "A woman's talents are unequal: Wang Xizhi covers her writing with books, while Li Feng Chun reflects her learning with skills. Writing is more important than time, but it is only a gain. At that time, people who asked for books with gold and silk suffered losses of more than 10 thousand yuan before and after, and they have never been so prosperous since ancient times The piping ink actually comes from Xi. The discussants regard it as the pillar of the people, and if there is power, the name of Sri Lanka will not float in reality. Du Fu wrote a beautiful song and said, "Voice is a healthy pen, which is rich and clear. "Admiration of the world, the rate is the same. The epitaph of Zang Huailiang in Li Yong's calligraphy in Tang Dynasty had a great influence, which can be said to reflect the innovative style of Li Yong's calligraphy and its great influence at that time. Li Yong's calligraphy is mainly based on steles, and Sun's Wei Lue contains more than 800 steles. In addition, almost all the tablets he wrote were written by himself, and there is even a saying that he personally carved them (see He's Four Friends Zhai Shu Lun). Du Fu's "Eight Sorrow Poems: A Gift to Jiangxia Secretary Li Gongyong" recalls Li Gongcun's past, and his lyrics are profound. Sound is a healthy pen. It is rich and clear. Wind scattered stones, mountain tips. Love the poor nature, and learn to be consistent with others. When you enter the door, four generations will live under one roof. This name is full of deep hope and has a new example. Du Fu and Li Yong are contemporaries, and their poems are by no means flattering. Li Yong's personal works consist of 800 calligraphy tablets, but there are few kinds of tablets handed down so far, the most influential ones are Li Sixun tablet and Lushan temple tablet. Li Sixun Monument and Li Sixun Monument are called the Monument of General Yunhui in Tang Dynasty. General You Wuwei presented the Preface to Li Fujun Tombstone to Governor Peng Guogong of Qin Zhou, also known as the Monument of General Yunhui. In the eighth year of Tang Kaiyuan (AD 720), Li Yongshu's Li Sixun Monument was established in pucheng county, Shaanxi. This monument is thin and strong, with Fiona Fang and. The font is slightly oblique, but solemn, which is more calm in the adventure. This heroic spirit has not been shown in the running script since the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Lushan Temple Monument, also known as Yuelu Mountain Temple Monument, has the words "Lushan Temple Monument" in Yang Wen seal script, and the original stone is in Yuelu Academy in Changsha. The rubbings of the Song Dynasty have been handed down from generation to generation, and this tablet is the masterpiece that best reflects Li Yong's mature running script style. The ancients said that "the right army is like a dragon, and the North Sea is like an elephant" (in Dong Qichang's Three Postscripts of Li Beimei's Jinyun in the Ming Dynasty). This is the only calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty who let future generations stand side by side with the book sage Wang Xizhi. The so-called "North Sea Elephant" probably refers to the style characteristics of his running script such as Lushan Temple Monument. If Li Sixun Monument is bold and energetic, it still reveals a romantic and unique atmosphere; Then, the Lushan Temple Monument can be said to be old and stable. The formation of this calligraphy style benefited from his research and understanding of the calligraphy art in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and more importantly, his bold and innovative spirit. He skillfully combined the exquisite running script of the two kings with the founder of the North Monument, absorbing the agility of the South Monument, rather than taking its weak side; Apart from Wei Bei's plainness, he kept his heavy side. While widely accepting the achievements of his predecessors, he unconsciously turned his temperament and personal design into pen and ink. Dong Qichang compared the strength of Li Yong's calligraphy to "the North Sea is like an elephant", which is also vivid. Li Yong's regular script "Lushan Temple Monument" Li Yong's running script had a great influence on the development of running script in later generations, and several great calligraphers in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, such as Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and Zhao Mengfu, were all influenced by it. People in the Tang Dynasty commented on Dou Meng: Shi Yiyun: "On poetry, Wang Wei and Cui Hao are both called; "On the pen, Wang Jin and Li Yong; Zu Yong and Zhang said they could not predict. " Ouyang Xiu in Song Dynasty: Yu Shi got Li Yong's book, which is not very good. However, it will be interesting to suspect that the book is named after itself. And read for a long time, so people with few books get the latest, especially the best. For example, it is difficult to make friends at first, but it takes a long time to get together. Although I am impressed by the brushwork of calligraphy, I think the characters are not similar, so how can I forget the evil shape because of its meaning? Because of the name of the book, the pursuit of loyalty, since the king's calligraphy, can be passed, but the book may not be the only one. Anyone who studies books can get one, and the rest can pass. I get ears from books. Miffy: Li Yong took off his son's body and lacked fiber. ("Hai Yue Ming") "Old Tang Book": Be famous early, especially praise the monument. Although demoted, China and North Korea wear clothes and temples all over the world, and they often ask for their articles with gold and silk. There are hundreds of songs before and after production, and they are also welcomed by millions of people. ..... His Zhang Hangong Staring at the Stars, Monument to the Holy Pool in Hongzhou and Criticism of Wei Juyuan were highly praised by the scholars. (Li) Jiao is an internal history, and Zhang Tingxuan, the supervisor of the country, recommended Yong Wenzheng as an admonition officer, and left the skeleton. ..... The eternal text is praised in the tablet, and people invite it with gold and silk, and there are millions of people before and after. Although Yong didn't make progress, he was famous all over the world and was called "Li Beihai". Lu Zang often said: "Fuck the general, Mo Xie is difficult to enemy, but it is afraid of hurting the ear." After death, as you said. Ye Mengde: There are many tired sentences in Li Yong's and Su Yuanming's poems. It's best to take only half of them. (Shi Lin Shi Hua) Cai Mengbi: Stone Lu Yue: Poems on Gong Liu in Tang Dynasty written by Li Yong and Hu Lvling. Yu Chu read Du Fu's poem "Eight Sorrow": "Lang Yong's" Friends of Six "was blinded by worry." I hate not seeing his poems. It is too late to get the stone book, and its words have existed since ancient times. It is actually a masterpiece of a generation. Six people, one chapter every five times, and one chapter for Prime Minister Di. (Poems of Du Gongbu Caotang) Liu Youding in Yuan Dynasty: Since Wei and Jin Dynasties, the first cursive script was written only in simplified Chinese characters, and it must be authentic when engraved. Therefore, Zhong You's official book is called a stone tablet, which should be well guarded and not lost. It was only at the beginning of Yong that the right army changed its way of doing things, being clumsy and fluctuating, boasting about its ability. The inscription on the stone learned to do things, but later generations did more. ("Yan Zhu Ji") Xiang Mu in the Ming Dynasty: Li Yongchu was a teacher for few people, so he got rid of old habits and updated his brushwork, and eventually lost his embarrassment. The law is great and the interest rate is extremely high. This trip really changed from the beginning. A little escape will lead to the past and the present. Li Yong was both proud and embarrassed. ("Calligraphy Elegant Words") Feng Ban in Qing Dynasty: Dong Zongbo said that Wang Youjun is like a dragon and Li Beihai is like an elephant; Wang Youjun is like a phoenix, while Li Beihai is like a handsome eagle. Wu Dexuan: Learning from Zhao can't be original, and there is no way to start. Even if there is an original copy, it should be rooted first. People who used to study Zhao didn't want Xi Zhehe to be loyal. The former is rooted in Henan and Beihai, while the former is rooted in Ouyang Bohai Sea. Zhu Luzhen: Li Beihai's official books have beautiful strokes, wide and uneven fonts; His running script is uneven, and Skye ingram micro is super wonderful and eclectic. Qian Yong: In ancient times, calligraphers used official script in the Han and Wei Dynasties, and real script in the Jin, Song and Six Dynasties. Calligraphers used running script to write inscriptions, which began with Emperor Taizong's Ming of Jinci, followed by Li Beihai. (Calligraphy) Ruan Yuan: Li Yong and others are also Northern School, so they are similar to Wei and Liu Zhubei. Bao (on the North-South Calligraphy School): When I arrived in Tangxian County, I knew that my talent was not as good as that of the ancients, so the calligraphy tablet was OK. In the study of Jiugong, Xu Huiji, Li Beihai and Zhang Langzhong have a particularly close relationship. All the books have been handed down, and the potential essence has been verified, and it is considered to be true. Beihai is as fat and agile as a bear. Liu Xizai: The atmosphere of Li Beihai's books is very different. The difficulty is that every painting falls like a brick, which makes people afraid to draw empty meanings. Li Beihai's book wins in ups and downs, but it doesn't involve action. People who don't understand are deliberately low, and go all the way. The so-called "like my custom, those who learn from me will die" in the North Sea. Li Beihai and Xu Jihai have many different books, but they both rely on their own writing skills. Dongpo's book says "it is better to be lame than beautiful", and Yu also says "it is better to be lame than beautiful". Niu Su, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, revealed a secret story related to Japan's mission to the Tang Dynasty in Moon Hee Notes: Li Yongye, the Japanese ambassador to Haizhou, took 500 people to meet Guo Xin in Jiangxia. There are ten ships with millions of treasures. See it and leave it in the museum. Give you what you need, and forbid it to go in and out. At night, take what you have and sink your ship. Ming satirized librarian Baiyun, saying, "The tide was high last night, and the Japanese ship disappeared. I don't know where it is." So I use it to play. He ordered the construction of ten ships and sent 500 people who are good at water to Japan. There are boats and hydraulic systems. The water conservancy engineer resigned before the messenger arrived. Yong said, "Japan is far away and there are waves on the sea. Can you come back safely?" The road ahead is very cheap. "Happy birthday to someone. Count for a few days, know that you are unprepared, kill it at night, and then return. His hospitality kept hundreds of desperate people alive. He attacked and robbed them and killed them when it came out. After that, I can't die. I sit on it. At the age of seventy, Prime Minister Li was killed by jealousy. Moon Hee got the money, and Li Yong entered the capital from the secretariat. Su Yong's reputation is negative, and he is often criticized. They are all talented and literate, such as Jia Sheng and Xin Ling. Deacons avoid victory and peel off. There are always opinions in the world, but the backward people are ignorant. Looking at the buildings in Luo Jing, I think the ancients might have different appearances, dressed appropriately and looked for doors and alleys. Besides, the ambassador raised questions and asked for his new articles. He was in the shadow again, but he couldn't change them. Tianbao was appointed as the magistrate of Beihai in Jixian County. Sex is a luxury, not limited to fine lines, chasing and escaping. After Liu Ji went to prison, Moon Hee's performance was criticized. When Qi Shunzhi and Luo left, the county decided to kill them. Yong is famous for his talent, especially for his long poems. Before and after, there are hundreds of songs; After collecting the feed, it will cost millions. Since ancient times, there has been no such thing as wealth. (Translated by Tan) Li Yong went to Beijing from the Secretariat to take the exam for promotion. Yong has always been famous for his talent, but he has also been criticized many times. Everyone thinks that he can not only write beautiful articles, but also make friends widely. He was Jia Yi in the Han Dynasty and Xin Lingjun in the Warring States Period. Therefore, the powerful people in the DPRK were jealous of Li Yong, so that he was removed from his official position and lived outside the capital. He has always enjoyed a high reputation, but the mediocre and ignorant people in North Korea do not appreciate him. Every time Li Yong walks on the road after Beijing, he will be surrounded by many people, thinking that he is an ancient power or looks extraordinary. Some scholars settle down in a hurry, make phone calls at home, or ask people to inquire about Li Yong's new article, and secretly test papers for science exams, but they can't change it. In the early days of Tianbao, Li Yong was promoted to Governor of Beiyang. He is bohemian, informal, likes riding and hunting, and enjoys himself. Later, Liu Ji was convicted and imprisoned. Moon Hee, the prime minister, asked Liu Ji to frame Li Yong, and the merits and demerits of Li Yong were very controversial. Moon Hee bribed Liu Ji with a lot of money, which made him accuse Li Yong constantly, and finally made the emperor execute Li Yong by imperial edict. Luo Xiqiao rushed to Beihai County with the imperial edict and executed Li Yong on the spot. Li Yong became famous very early, and he was especially good at engraving on stone tablets. During his life, he wrote hundreds of inscriptions on stone tablets and received thousands of feedbacks. Since ancient times, no one has made a fortune by selling literature like Li Yong.