Sprint carbon neutrality, scientific and technological innovation, take the lead in the top ten actions, and make precise efforts.

Sprint for carbon neutrality and be at the forefront of scientific and technological innovation. 1On August 8th, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other nine departments jointly issued the Implementation Plan of Carbon Neutralization by Science and Technology to Support the Peak of Carbon Dioxide Emission (2022-2030) (hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Plan), and put forward the scientific and technological innovation actions and safeguard measures to support the peak of carbon dioxide emission by 2030, so as to make a good reserve for technology research and development to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. It is noteworthy that the "Implementation Plan" clearly puts forward that we should give full play to the supporting role of scientific and technological innovation and make overall plans to promote carbon emission reduction in industrialization and urbanization, energy, industry, urban and rural construction and transportation. Insiders pointed out that the main challenge of promoting high-tech and low-carbon technologies comes from high cost, and a series of supporting measures are needed to ensure that all industrial entities actively adopt high-cost technologies.

Aim at key areas

What are the key areas in the process of achieving carbon neutrality? The nine departments have drawn the key points. The "Implementation Plan" pointed out that China has entered a new development stage of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Giving full play to the supporting role of scientific and technological innovation and promoting industrial urbanization and carbon emission reduction in energy, industry, urban and rural construction, transportation and other fields are of great significance to ensuring high-quality economic and social development and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality when carbon dioxide emissions peak.

According to the statistics of the International Energy Agency (IEA), in 2020, global carbon emissions will mainly come from three fields, namely energy production and heating, transportation, manufacturing and construction, accounting for 43%, 26% and 17% respectively, and it is the "big household" of carbon emissions.

At the same time, these big carbon emitters are more capable of adopting high-tech and low-carbon technologies. "Most enterprises in these industries are large-scale, with the ability, capital, experience and resources to adopt high-cost high-tech and low-carbon technologies for energy conservation and emission reduction." Wang Peng, a researcher at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences and the Research Center for Smart Social Governance of China Renmin University, said.

"We should give priority to solving major contradictions and solving the problem of carbon emissions." Lin Qiangbo, dean of China Energy Policy Research Institute of Xiamen University, told the beijing business today reporter today that just as the electricity consumption of residents can be fully met after the industries with the largest electricity consumption use in an orderly manner, reducing the carbon emissions of key industries with high energy consumption and large carbon emissions can also provide strong support for the sprint of carbon neutrality.

How to fundamentally solve the problem of carbon emissions? "In view of the carbon emission base of key industries in China and the forecast of emission reduction demand before 2060, the innovation direction of supporting carbon neutrality by science and technology is systematically put forward, and measures such as low-carbon science and technology demonstration and base construction, personnel training, low-carbon science and technology enterprise cultivation, international cooperation and so on are coordinated to promote the output and demonstration application of scientific and technological achievements and provide scientific and technological support for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality by peaking carbon dioxide emissions." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Science and Technology explained the purpose and significance of the promulgation of the Implementation Plan.

Ten movements are precise.

In order to promote emission reduction in the above-mentioned key areas of high-carbon emission through scientific and technological innovation, the Implementation Plan proposes to strengthen scientific and technological support for carbon neutrality at the peak of carbon dioxide emission, involving basic research, technology research and development, application demonstration, achievement promotion, personnel training, international cooperation and other aspects, and at the same time proposes 10 specific actions.

In the field of energy, the "Implementation Plan" puts forward scientific and technological support actions for energy green and low-carbon transformation. Focus on the strategic task of national energy development, based on the resource endowment dominated by coal, do a good job in clean and efficient utilization of coal, increase the capacity of new energy consumption, promote the optimal combination of coal and new energy, ensure national energy security and reduce carbon emissions. Specific to technology, it includes the realization of industrial clean and efficient utilization of coal and clean transformation of coal, as well as the technology of making clean fuels and chemicals with near zero emissions of coal; Research and development of low-energy million-ton carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage process complete sets and key technologies; Research and development of high efficiency silicon-based photovoltaic cells.

In the industrial field, the "Implementation Plan" proposes a breakthrough in low-carbon and zero-carbon industrial process reengineering technology. Facing the green and low-carbon development needs of key industries such as steel, cement, chemical industry and nonferrous metals, with the core of raw material fuel substitution, short-process manufacturing and low-carbon technology integration and coupling optimization, we will deeply integrate emerging technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence and fifth-generation mobile communication to lead the zero-carbon and low-carbon reconstruction and digital transformation of high-carbon industrial processes. By 2030, a number of scientific and technological achievements will be formed to support carbon dioxide emission reduction in crude steel, cement, chemical industry and non-ferrous metal industries, and large-scale industrial application of low-carbon process reengineering technology will be realized.

In the fields of urbanization and transportation, the "Implementation Plan" puts forward the key actions of low-carbon and zero-carbon technologies for urban and rural construction and transportation. Focusing on the goal of green and low-carbon transformation of urban and rural construction and transportation, we will vigorously promote the research, development and demonstration application of low-carbon and zero-carbon technologies focusing on decarbonization, emission reduction, energy conservation and efficiency improvement. Specifically, the technology includes the research of building photovoltaic integration technology system, the research and development of transportation energy self-consistency and multi-energy transformation, the research of high efficiency and high flexibility of transportation self-consistency energy system, rail transit, civil aviation, water transportation, road transportation system greening, digitalization, intelligent technology research, and the construction of green intelligent transportation system.

"By promoting low-carbon technologies in key areas, carbon emission reduction targets can be effectively achieved." In this regard, Lin believes that the specific action of 10 can make scientific and technological innovation provide support for carbon neutrality and precision.

"The Ministry of Science and Technology will ensure the implementation of the Implementation Plan by strengthening the mechanism guarantee, strengthening the tracking and monitoring of carbon neutral technology, and strengthening the protection of property rights of technological achievements." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Science and Technology said.

Landing promotion is a discipline.

"The main difficulty in promoting high-tech and low-carbon technologies is the high cost." Wang Peng bluntly said that for large carbon emitters in key areas, the adoption of new technologies needs to update the original production technology, equipment and personnel, and the input cost is generally not a decimal.

In this regard, the "Implementation Plan" proposes a financial support plan, aiming at establishing a financial support mechanism for carbon-neutral scientific and technological innovation at the peak of carbon dioxide emissions, guiding local, enterprise and social capital to jointly invest, and supporting key core technology research and development projects and major demonstration projects. The National Natural Science Foundation of China will also implement the special project "Major Basic Scientific Problems and Countermeasures of National Carbon Neutralization".

Wang Peng gave different suggestions to large and small enterprises in related fields. "For enterprises above designated size, they can be promoted through diversified methods, including setting assessment indicators, providing technical support, credit support, and cooperating with scientific research teams; For small and medium-sized enterprises that are relatively scattered and emit relatively little carbon, but are in key industries, it is even more necessary to promote training and fiscal and taxation combination. At the same time, government agencies will lead the joint park and scientific research institutions to build infrastructure for everyone to use. " Wang Peng said.

In addition, industry experts also jumped out of science and technology promotion and gave suggestions on emission reduction in key areas. "Let enterprises make profits to maintain the long-term operation of new technologies, and encourage some enterprises to transform through market-oriented means such as building a unified power market." Lin proposed that "energy conservation and emission reduction in key areas can also be combined with green and low-carbon consumption."

Beijing business today reporter noted today that Beijing has made vivid practice in combining energy conservation and emission reduction with green and low-carbon consumption. At present, the "2022 Beijing Green Life Season" sponsored by Beijing Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Center has started, which combines green consumption with carbon efficiency. Consumers can set up a personal carbon account book through the "green life season" applet, punch in the low-carbon life to redeem points, and redeem discount coupons for enterprises participating in the green life season. At the same time, participating in the energy-saving renovation and operation of enterprise stores will reduce and offset the carbon emissions of enterprises.

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