Politics Review Outline for the Complete Third Grade of Junior High School Edition

Lesson 1: Responsibility and role coexist

1. The meaning of responsibility

Contains two meanings: Responsibility is what a person should do; Certain things shouldn't be done.

2. Source of responsibility: Responsibility arises from mutual commitment in social relationships.

Exhibited in all aspects of life: commitments to others, assigned tasks, appointments from superiors, professional requirements, legal regulations, traditional customs, citizenship, moral principles, etc.

3. People have different responsibilities due to different social identities. Children, students, friends, strangers, ordinary citizens, members of society. . . . .

Everyone has multiple roles, and each role often means a responsibility, and each of us should fulfill our own responsibilities.

4. Be responsible for yourself

The performance of being responsible for yourself: punctuality, trustworthiness, honesty, self-esteem and self-confidence, self-reliance and self-reliance; use reasonable and legal methods to correct your own mistakes in a timely manner Negligence is also an expression of responsibility.

The meaning of being responsible for oneself: "Only those who are responsible for themselves can enjoy true self-esteem and be qualified, confident, and capable to assume responsibility for others and society";

5. The consequences of not being responsible for oneself

The society we live in is a whole. I am responsible for others, and others are also responsible for me; I am responsible for myself, and at the same time I am responsible for myself. Responsible for others and responsible for society.

6. Correctly treat the rewards and costs of taking responsibility

Being responsible comes with the right to receive rewards, and it is also the fulfillment of one's own obligations.

Rewards: More importantly, intangible wealth, such as a good sense of self, praise from others, acquisition of new knowledge or skills, accumulation of valuable life experience, etc.

Cost: When we take responsibility, we will feel the heavy weight of the responsibility, which means spending time, energy and money, which means that we may be blamed or even punished for not doing well. Sometimes they are criticized and their grades even drop for adhering to principles.

For human growth, taking responsibility is a concrete manifestation of self-esteem and self-confidence, an inevitable choice for self-reliance and self-improvement, and an important sign of maturity. We must have the courage to take responsibility.

7. How to understand "I take responsibility, I have no regrets"?

Some things we should do are not our voluntary choices, but we still have to take responsibility for them. If we adopt negative attitudes such as complaining and slacking off, it is also a sign of lack of responsibility. As long as we take them on our shoulders as an unshirkable responsibility and devote ourselves wholeheartedly, we can also do things well.

Review of Lesson 2

1. The relationship between the collective and the individual

① The existence of the collective cannot be separated from the individual

②The individual only has Only by relying closely on the collective can we have infinite power

2. The relationship between collective interests and individual interests

Collective interests and individual interests are interdependent. Only by safeguarding collective interests can individual interests be protected. Protecting individual interests is the responsibility of the collective, and collective interests are the result of the efforts of each member of the group. Therefore, the collective should fully respect and protect individual interests, and individuals should actively care for and safeguard collective interests.

3. Everyone is responsible for caring for the collective

4. How to care for the collective?

Performances of caring for the collective:

① Consciously safeguard the honor and interests of the collective, obey the collective arrangements, and actively contribute to collective construction.

② Carry forward the good style of the collective and solve the difficulties encountered by the collective through one's own efforts. .

⑶ Able to seek common ground while reserving minor differences in a group, and be good at uniting others so that the group can exert greater strength.

Be responsible for society

1. Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the country

As a citizen, while doing your job well, you should also assume the responsibility of caring for the society.

(1) Maintaining the dignity of the country is the responsibility of every citizen.

(2) The country is in difficult times, which can best test citizens’ sense of responsibility.

(3) Our country’s youth shoulder the important task of forging national glory and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

2. Actively participate in social welfare activities

3. Be a responsible citizen

1. (1) Make promises carefully and fulfill them resolutely.

(2) Admit mistakes and bear the consequences of them

2. Consciously take responsibility

Consciously taking responsibility means that I have to take responsibility and I am willing To take responsibility, I take the initiative to take responsibility, instead of asking me to take responsibility and being forced to take responsibility passively. To take responsibility consciously, you must learn to reflect on your own responsibilities

Review of Unit 2

Lesson 3 Recognize the basic national conditions

1. Currently, China is on the world stage What's your status in the world?

1) In today’s world, China is one of the fastest growing and most changing countries;

2) China’s international status is increasing day by day and it plays an increasingly important role on the international stage. The image of a peaceful, cooperative and responsible China has been recognized by the international community.

2. Why is our country still in the primary stage of socialism?

1). Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the superiority of the socialist system has been initially demonstrated. Our country's socialist modernization cause has achieved great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. (my country’s comprehensive national strength has been greatly improved)

2) my country’s socialism is still in its primary stage (basic national conditions)

①Cause or manifestation: my country’s social productivity at this stage The level is still relatively low

②The scientific and technological level and national cultural quality are not high enough.

③The specific system of socialism is not yet perfect

3. The meaning and starting time of the primary stage

① Meaning: The primary stage is the underdeveloped stage. It refers to underdevelopment in all aspects of economic, political, and cultural life.

②The starting time of the primary stage:

From the mid-1950s to the middle of this century (it takes about a hundred years)

4 , The main contradiction in our society

The contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production. (There is only one principal contradiction, which runs through the entire process of the primary stage of socialism in our country and all aspects of social life)

5. The fundamental tasks of the country

Along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics , concentrate efforts on socialist modernization.

6. Guiding ideology that must be adhered to for a long time

(1) Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, and the important thinking of "Three Represents" are important ideas that our party and country must adhere to for a long time. guiding ideology.

The process of combining the basic principles of Marxism with the specific practice of the Chinese revolution produced three major theoretical achievements: Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, and the important thought of "Three Represents")

①The meaning of the three representatives:

A. Always represents the development requirements of China’s advanced productive forces. (Three Gorges Project, Western Development...)

B. Always represents the direction of China's advanced culture. (The development of culture and art, world cultural exchange...)

C. Always represent the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people. (Sending warmth activities, legislating for wages for migrant workers,...)

②The important thought of "Three Represents"

A. It is the concrete embodiment of the advanced nature of the Chinese Communist Party Performance.

B. It is the foundation of our party's founding, the foundation of its governance, and the source of its strength.

C. It is the basic experience and inevitable requirement for us to uphold and develop socialism.

7. The content of the party’s basic line (page 37 of the textbook) has one center and two basic points

(1) The basis and starting point for the party’s formulation of the basic line:

Basis: the basic national conditions and historical tasks in the primary stage

Starting point: the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups in the country

(2) Adhere to the Four Basic Principles

Content: Adhere to the socialist road, adhere to the people's democratic dictatorship, adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and adhere to Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought.

Significance: It is the foundation of our country, a summary of the historical experience of the Chinese revolution, and a truth proven by the practice of our country’s revolution. Adherence to the Four Cardinal Principles is the fundamental interest of the people across the country, the political foundation for the united struggle of the people across the country, and the political guarantee for the success of the socialist modernization drive.

(3) Adhere to reform:

. Reason: At present, our country has economic, political and other systems that are not compatible with the development of productivity.

Purpose: to liberate and develop productive forces and build socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Nature: Self-improvement and development of the socialist system

Content: Economic system reform, political system reform, and cultural system reform.

(4) Adhere to opening up to the outside world:

1) Opening up to the outside world is a basic national policy of our country.

2) The objective requirements of world economic development;

3) China has joined the WTO, we must seize the opportunity;

4) The essence of socialism requirements.

5) Practice has proved that opening up to the outside world is the road to strengthening the country and the driving force for the development of the socialist cause.

(5) Why should we adhere to the party’s basic line unwaveringly?

1. Unswervingly adhering to the Party’s basic line is a summary of my country’s great practical experience in reform, opening up, and modernization;

2. Unwaveringly adhering to the Party’s basic line is the realization of socialism The most reliable guarantee for your career

(6), the relationship of "one center, two basic points"

1. They are interdependent and indispensable organic whole;

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2. Economic construction must adhere to the four basic principles and persist in reform and opening up;

2. Adherence to the four basic principles and persistence in reform and opening up are mutually reinforcing;

3. The two basic points are to better liberate and develop productive forces and promote economic construction.

(7) The relationship between reform, development and stability

1) Reform, development and stability are mutually reinforcing and closely linked.

2) Among them, development is the goal and the last word; reform is the driving force, and stability is the guarantee and prerequisite.

3) In the modernization drive, we must correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability. Only in a stable political environment can we focus on reform, opening up, and modernization.

A unified multi-ethnic country

1. my country is a unified multi-ethnic country

2. Nationalities other than the Han nationality are called ethnic minorities.

3. The system of regional ethnic autonomy is one of my country’s basic political systems. The system of regional ethnic autonomy is one of my country’s three basic political systems (the other two are the People’s Congress system and the Communist Party of China system. multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China)

4. Our country’s principles for handling ethnic relations: ethnic equality, unity and mutual prosperity.

5. Our country’s constitution gives people of all ethnic groups equal political rights and personal freedoms

6. Why is it said that maintaining national unity is not only a matter of the country, but also our responsibility? and obligations?

(1) Our country is a unified multi-ethnic country. Our country implements a system of regional ethnic autonomy in places where ethnic minorities live together, and the ethnic minorities themselves manage their own internal affairs. Our country's constitution gives people of all ethnic groups equal political rights and personal freedoms.

Ethnic equality, unity and common prosperity are the principles for handling ethnic relations in our country.

(2) Maintaining national unity is also our responsibility and obligation. We must consciously respect the religious beliefs of all ethnic groups, respect the customs and habits of all ethnic groups, and respect the spoken and written languages ??of all ethnic groups. Live in harmony with ethnic minority students. Take the initiative to help minority students.

7. The basic policy of one country, two systems

(1) One country: China’s sovereignty and territory must be intact and cannot be divided. China is a unified country;

(2) Two systems: Under the premise of one China, the main body of the country adheres to the socialist system, while Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan maintain their original capitalist system and lifestyle unchanged for a long time.

(3) The stability, prosperity and development of Hong Kong and Macao after their return to the motherland prove that one country, two systems is correct and has strong vitality.

8. Cross-Strait Relations

(1) There is only one China in the world; peaceful reunification, the basic policy of one country, two systems;

(2) The one-China principle is development Cross-Strait relations and the basis for achieving peaceful reunification;

(3) One country, two systems is the best way for cross-Strait reunification.

Lesson 4: Understand basic national policies and development strategies

1. Why should we open up to the outside world?

Today’s world is an open world, and the world is becoming more open day by day. Being closed to the outside world can only lead to backwardness. If China wants to develop, progress, and become strong, it must absorb and learn from all advanced things and insist on introducing them. Combining going and coming out. In short, China's development cannot be separated from the world. Opening up to the outside world is in line with the characteristics of the current era and the laws of world economic and technological development. It is an inevitable choice to speed up my country's modernization drive.

2. Basic national policy of opening up to the outside world

1. Comprehensive opening up to the outside world

2. Correct understanding of the relationship between opening up and independence

1) Opening up to the outside world is conducive to modernization, and the principle of independence must be adhered to in opening up to the outside world. Independence and self-reliance are the footholds of my country's modernization drive;

2) We must correctly understand the meaning of opening up to the outside world and independence. Opening up to the outside world does not mean relying on foreign aid or even relying on foreign countries to achieve modernization; independence and independence are by no means closed to the outside world. , blindly xenophobic;

3) Opening up to the outside world can enhance our country’s ability to be independent.

3. How to correctly treat foreign things in opening up to the outside world

1) We must unswervingly adhere to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world;

2) Open the door At the same time, we must maintain our own safety: we must not only learn from and absorb all advanced things, but also resist all decadent things.

Basic national policies of family planning and environmental protection

1. my country’s population problem;

my country is the most populous country in the world - the primary level of socialism in our country One of the important national conditions in this stage

Population characteristics:

1. Large population base, large new population, and low population quality - characteristics of my country's current population situation

2. The aging of the population is accelerating, the distribution of the population is unbalanced, the gender ratio of men and women is imbalanced, etc.

Population issues are development issues

2. Family planning is a basic national policy of our country

1. The purpose of implementing family planning: to control the population and improve the quality of the population

2. Specific requirements: promote late marriage, late childbearing, fewer children, and eugenics

3. Significance: It is conducive to developing socialist productive forces, conducive to enhancing the country’s comprehensive national strength, and conducive to improving people’s living standards

Implementing the development strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education

1. Science Technology is the primary productive force: Science and technology profoundly affect various factors of productivity and play a leading role in economic growth. 2. Three elements of productivity: production tools, workers, and labor objects

3 Science and technology are the primary productive force

(1) The role of technology in the progress of human history: The development of science and technology promotes economic change and social progress

(2) Science and technology have become the most active factor in productivity. The primary productive force

(3) China’s development is inseparable from scientific and technological progress

4. What is the fundamental difference between “Made in China” and “Created in China”? (Independent innovation)

How to improve the ability of "Created in China"? (Implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education; encourage scientific research and technological innovation; cultivate innovative talents.)

5. Why should our country attach importance to scientific and technological progress and innovation?

Science and technology are the primary productive forces and the ladder of progress of human civilization;

Scientific and technological innovation capabilities have increasingly become a decisive factor in the competition of comprehensive national strength: innovation is the source of strength. The foundation for development;

In the face of fierce international competition, if our independent capabilities cannot be improved and we rely solely on the introduction of technology, it will be difficult to get rid of technological backwardness.

6. What should we do?

1) Earnestly fulfill the obligation to receive education and strive to learn scientific and technological knowledge;

2) Actively promote science and technology and improve innovation awareness in life and study.

3) Actively participate in extracurricular practical activities and cultivate your own innovation ability;

(2) Education-based Centenary Plan

(1) The important position of education and role

A The economic competition and scientific and technological competition between countries are ultimately the competition of education and talent

B Education determines the future of a country and a nation and is the key to a nation. The most fundamental cause

C Receiving a good education has gradually become people's first need for survival and development and a lifelong wealth, and even determines their life's destiny.

(2) Adhere to the priority development strategy of education: my country implements the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education

Implements the strategy of sustainable development

1. The current situation of my country’s resources

① The total amount of natural resources is large and there are many types, but the per capita resource possession is small and it is difficult to develop. (my country’s national resource conditions) ② The development and utilization of my country’s resources is not rational and scientific, resulting in serious waste and losses.

2. The meaning and requirements of sustainable development: It is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Requirements: Human beings live in harmony with nature and recognize their responsibilities to nature, society and future generations. Implementing the sustainable development strategy

It is necessary to control population growth in a planned manner to coordinate population growth with economic development; to conserve resources, protect the environment, and coordinate economic development with resources and the environment.

Promote sustainable economic development in the mutual coordination of population, resources, environment, economy, and society 3. Establish a scientific concept of development

The Third Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China "On Improving the Socialist Market Economy of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China" "Decision on Several Issues in the System" clearly stated:

"Adhere to people-oriented, establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable scientific development concept, and promote the all-round development of the economy, society and people." 4. Circular economy model

Lesson 5 Chinese Culture and National Spirit

1. The Splendid Chinese Culture

1. How to understand Chinese culture? (1) All Chinese nationalities have jointly created a profound, splendid and splendid Chinese culture; (2) Why does Chinese civilization have such a long history?

An important reason is that the power of culture is deeply embedded in the vitality, creativity and cohesion of the Chinese nation.

(3). The composition of Chinese culture: cultural classics, science and technology, literature and art, moral ethics

(4). The profound influence of Chinese culture

① It has a profound impact on today’s Chinese people’s values, lifestyles and China’s development path.

② Play a significant role in promoting the development of world culture.

2. We must carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation

3. The national spirit is the essence of national culture.

What is the great national spirit of the Chinese nation? (Unity and unity with patriotism as the core, peace-loving, hard work and courage, and self-improvement.)

The enrichment and development of the Chinese national spirit

New democratic revolutionary period: Jinggangshan Spirit, Long March spirit, Yan'an spirit, etc.;

New era: Daqing spirit, "two bombs and one satellite" spirit, flood fighting spirit, manned spaceflight spirit, etc.

4. How to inherit the greatness of the Chinese nation National spirit?

Under the new historical conditions, the most important thing to cultivate the national spirit is to constantly add vital content to it in conjunction with the requirements of the times and social development.

Lesson 6: Participating in Political Life

1. A country ruled by law in which the people are the masters of the country

Our country’s Constitution stipulates: The People’s Republic of China has all the rights of the People’s Republic of China Belongs to the people.

1. How do people exercise their power? People - elect representatives - (form) the People's Congress - (generate) other state organs (administrative, judicial, procuratorial and other organs - manage the country and maintain social order (from left to right)

2 , The People’s Congresses at all levels are the organs through which the people exercise their power to be the masters of the country

3. The People’s Congress system is the fundamental political system of our country

4. The National People’s Congress and other Relationships between state organs

①The National People's Congress is the highest organ of state power, with the highest status and the greatest power.

②Other central state organs are generated by it, are responsible to it, and are accountable to it. Accept its supervision.

③The State Council, the Supreme People's Court, and the Supreme People's Procuratorate must report their work to it.

④The National People's Congress can raise inquiries against the State Council and its departments. .

4. The National People’s Congress has the highest status and the greatest power

5. The main powers of the National People’s Congress

Amend the Constitution; supervise the implementation of the Constitution. ; Legislative power; power of appointment and dismissal, election or appointment of the President, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, Premier of the State Council, etc.; power of decision-making and supervision of major matters

Rule the country according to law

1. According to the law. The nature of governing the country: Is it the basic method for the party to lead the people to govern the country?