A summary of the must-memorize knowledge points about junior high school politics

In the three years of junior high school, there are a lot of political knowledge points to remember. Students need to sort out these knowledge points in order to better cope with future exams. The following are the knowledge points that must be memorized in junior high school politics for reference.

National unity

1. What kind of ethnic relations have been formed in our country: a new type of ethnic relations in which all ethnic groups are equal, united, mutually helpful and harmonious.

2. Our country has formulated principles for handling ethnic relations: ethnic equality, unity and common prosperity.

3. What are the main reasons for the economic and social development of ethnic minority areas?

① Upholding the correct leadership of the Communist Party of China;

② The Party and the country has formulated ethnic policies that are in line with my country's national conditions;

③It is the result of the hard work of people of all ethnic groups in minority areas;

④With the great efforts of the central government and the people of the whole country support.

4. What should our country do to strengthen ethnic unity and achieve national prosperity?

① Adhere to the system of regional ethnic autonomy.

②Respect the religious beliefs, customs and languages ??of all ethnic groups.

③ Increase financial and talent support for minority areas.

④Crack down on criminal elements who undermine national unity and create national division in accordance with the law.

5. Why should we maintain the unity of all ethnic groups?

① It is conducive to the common development and common prosperity of all ethnic groups;

② It is conducive to safeguarding the country's sovereignty and territorial integrity;

③ It is conducive to enhancing the cohesion and centripetal force of the Chinese nation;

④ It is conducive to building a harmonious socialist society.

6. How should young people fulfill their obligations to maintain national unity:

① Respect the religious beliefs, customs and languages ??of all ethnic groups;

② Be consistent with all ethnic groups Students live in harmony;

③Actively promote my country's ethnic policies;

④Resolutely fight against behaviors that undermine national unity and split the nation.

7. Please draft slogans for national unity education:

① Strengthen national unity and maintain social stability;

② Maintain national unity and promote economic development ;

③Maintaining ethnic unity is the responsibility of every citizen;

④The 56 ethnic groups are one family, and we are connected by heart.

8. The significance of the system of regional ethnic autonomy: The system of regional ethnic autonomy is a basic political system in our country and an important part of the development of socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics.

9. The fundamental way to achieve the common prosperity of all ethnic groups and solve China’s ethnic issues is to adhere to economic construction as the center and accelerate the economic and social development of ethnic minority areas. Legal supervision

1. Legal supervision

①The main contents of legal supervision include: legislative supervision, law enforcement supervision, and judicial supervision.

②The importance of legal supervision: Legal supervision is an important link in the construction of the entire socialist legal system and an important means to achieve governance according to law.

2. Contents included

① Legislative supervision: Legislative supervision is mainly the supervision of national, local and administrative legislative activities to prevent unconstitutional legislation, thereby ensuring the dignity of the constitution and socialism Unification of the legal system.

② Law enforcement supervision: Law enforcement supervision is to ensure the implementation of various laws and regulations and to promote law enforcement agencies and law enforcement personnel to exercise their law enforcement powers in accordance with the law.

③Judicial supervision: Judicial supervision is the supervision of the legality of judicial activities. The subjects of judicial supervision include: state power agencies, the Communist Party of China and various democratic parties, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, various social groups and individual citizens, as well as the supervision of judicial agencies over their own systems. The significance (role) of judicial supervision: The state achieves judicial justice through judicial supervision.

3. In our country, every citizen has the right to supervise in accordance with the law:

① Ways for citizens to exercise their right to criticize and make suggestions: ① Report to the National People’s Congress deputies; ② Through television, radio, newspapers and other news media for supervision; ③Report to state agencies through letters, phone calls, visits, etc.

②The importance of citizens exercising their right to criticize and make suggestions in accordance with the law: Citizens' exercise of their right to criticize and make suggestions in accordance with the law is conducive to strengthening the construction of clean government in state agencies, supervising state agency staff to strictly act in accordance with the law, and preventing violations of law and discipline; It is conducive to promoting the improvement of decision-making level and efficiency of state agencies.

③Young people must learn to exercise their right to criticize and make suggestions in accordance with the law. Basic rights and obligations of citizens

1. Basic rights of citizens:

(1) Personal rights: personality rights and identity rights.

Personal rights are divided into: ①right to life and health; ②right to personal freedom;

③right to personal dignity: right to portrait, right to reputation, right to honor, right to name, right to privacy

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(2) Political rights: the right to vote and be elected, the right to supervise, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech.

(3) Economic rights: property ownership, inheritance rights, intellectual achievement rights, and legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

(4) Cultural rights: the right to education.

2. Basic obligations of citizens:

(1) The obligation to safeguard national unity and ethnic unity. (2) The obligation to safeguard national security, honor and interests.

(3) The obligation to protect public property, abide by public order, and respect social ethics.

(4) Obligation to keep state secrets. (5) Obligations to perform military service and join militia organizations in accordance with the law.

(6) Adult children have the obligation to support and support their parents. (7) The obligation to pay taxes in accordance with the law;

3. The relationship between rights and obligations:

(1) Rights and obligations are consistent. Rights and obligations are relative. While everyone enjoys rights, he must also bear corresponding obligations. "There are no rights without obligations, and there are no obligations without rights."

(2) Citizens' enjoyment of rights must be conditioned on the performance of obligations and restricted by obligations; after fulfilling obligations, they will enjoy corresponding rights.

(3) The relationship between rights and obligations is specifically reflected in:

①Unity: Rights are obligations, and obligations are rights. Such as: getting an education.

②Reciprocity: The rights enjoyed by citizens are determined by the obligations performed.

③Restrictiveness: The rights enjoyed by citizens must be conditioned on the fulfillment of obligations and restricted by obligations.

4. The consistency of rights and obligations requires citizens:

(1) The consistency of rights and obligations requires citizens to enhance their concepts of rights and obligations, exercise their rights in accordance with the law, and consciously Fulfill obligations.

(2) Exercising rights in accordance with the law and consciously performing obligations are a concentrated expression of citizens’ legal consciousness. Everyone must learn the law, know the law, abide by the law, use the law, and protect the law.

(3) The view and behavior of only enjoying rights and not performing obligations or performing less obligations is wrong;

5. How to exercise and enjoy rights in accordance with the law:

(1) When exercising their rights, citizens shall not exceed the scope permitted by law, shall not damage the interests of the state, society and the collective, shall not damage the legitimate rights and interests of other citizens, and shall not pursue illegal activities in addition to their legitimate rights and interests. Benefit.

(2) Citizens should use the law to protect their rights, crack down on various infringements in accordance with the law, so that their rights are not infringed, and they must not accept the situation and swallow their anger.

6. To perform obligations, you must: ① Actively do what is encouraged by the law.

② You must do what the law requires. ③Resolutely not do anything prohibited by law. Innovation drives development

1. How to correctly understand innovation?

(1) Innovation is everywhere in life. Every bit of innovation in life not only dazzles our eyes, but also changes our usual view of life.

(2) Innovation is a way of life.

(3) Innovation brings surprises to us and gives us a sense of accomplishment.

(4) Innovation is needed in all areas of life and can be innovated.

(5) Innovation makes life better.

2. Why should we persist in innovative development?

(1) Innovation is an important force that promotes the forward development of human society.

(2) Currently, innovation has become the focus of the development strategies of major countries in the world. In the fierce international competition, only innovators advance, only innovators are strong, and only innovators win.

(3) Innovative development is the national destiny of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Implementing an innovation-driven development strategy, promoting comprehensive innovation with scientific and technological innovation as the core, and making innovation the first axis of development is the key to adapting to and the practical needs to lead the new normal of my country’s economic development.

(4) my country’s reform and opening up has entered a critical period of overcoming difficulties, which calls for the spirit of reform and innovation. Reform and innovation drive China toward prosperity and strength.

(5) The state uses the hand of reform to activate the innovation engine, release more innovation vitality, and allow the broad masses of the people to better share the results of reform and development through innovation.

3. What is the current status of science and technology development in my country?

(1) Achievements: It has laid a solid foundation in the mastery and innovation of cutting-edge technologies and is leading the way in some important fields. At the forefront of the world.

(2) Shortcomings: On the whole, we still face problems such as weak scientific and technological innovation capabilities, low overall level of scientific and technological development, and lower science and technology contribution to economic growth than the level of developed countries. China has a long and long way to go in terms of scientific and technological innovation, and it needs to accelerate the construction of an innovative country.

4. How to build an innovative country?

(1) We must implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, place science and technology and education in an important position in economic and social development, and shift the focus of economic construction to Relying on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers to accelerate the country's prosperity.

(2) It is necessary to enhance the ability of independent innovation, adhere to the policy of independent innovation, leapfrogging key points, supporting development and leading the future, and unswervingly follow the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics.

(3) It is necessary to accelerate the formation of a governance structure and collaborative mechanism conducive to innovation, build an activity platform and financing platform conducive to innovation, and create a public opinion atmosphere and legal environment conducive to innovation.

5. Why does our country vigorously develop education?

(1) The improvement of a nation's innovative ability is inseparable from the cultivation of innovative talents. A century-old plan based on education.

(2) Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation and social progress. It is the fundamental way to improve the quality of the people, cultivate innovative talents, and promote the all-round development of people.

(3) Education entrusts the expectations of hundreds of millions of families for a better life.

6. Why should our country encourage innovation?

(1) Everyone is an innovator and yearns to realize self-worth in innovation; everyone is an entrepreneur and You can contribute to the country and people through hard work.

(2) Enterprises are an important force in social innovation.

(3) The times require the promotion of the spirit of innovation.

(4) The purpose of innovation is to enhance human welfare and make life better. Innovation allows us to gain more respect and recognition, allowing us to live a decent and dignified life.