How to write the content of the epidemic prevention handwritten report

Publicity materials on the prevention of respiratory infectious diseases in spring

Winter and spring are the seasons when respiratory infectious diseases occur most frequently. Schools, where people are relatively dense and concentrated, are more likely to spread once they occur, which will have a greater impact on the work and study of teachers and students. Therefore, it is necessary for us to learn about common infectious diseases in spring and their preventive measures. Have some understanding. Common infectious diseases include: common cold, influenza, measles, rubella, chickenpox, herpes simplex, mumps, meningococcal meningitis, scarlet fever, SARS and human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza Two new types of diseases. Most of these infectious diseases are respiratory infectious diseases and can be spread through the air, short-distance droplets or contact with respiratory secretions

Winter and spring are cold, and students are less active outside and more concentrated in the classroom. It also increases the chance of infection. In order to keep out the cold, we are used to closing the doors and windows very tightly. It is difficult to exchange indoor and outdoor air. In a room where the air is relatively still, droplets containing germs and viruses float in the air. Students stay in the classroom for a long time and the air is not fresh. Infection with respiratory infectious diseases. In addition, cold air will constrict the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa and reduce the resistance of the respiratory tract, which is also a reason why you are prone to getting sick.

1. Prevention of meningococcal meningitis

Meningococcal meningitis is a type of purulent meningitis spread through the respiratory tract caused by Neisseria meningitidis infection. It is mostly popular in spring.

The general symptoms of the disease are: sudden high fever, severe headache, frequent vomiting, lack of energy, stiff neck, and in severe cases, coma and convulsions. Meningococcal meningitis is divided into common type and fulminant type according to the severity of the disease. The onset of fulminant disease is sudden, and severe shock and respiratory failure often occur within 24 hours, which is life-threatening. Therefore, during the period of high incidence of meningococcal meningitis, if you have symptoms similar to upper respiratory tract infection, or a sudden high fever, bleeding spots on the body, headache, projectile vomiting, drowsiness, irritability and other symptoms, you should go to a regular hospital for emergency treatment immediately to avoid delays. illness.

Meningococcal meningitis has the following complications: inflammation or adhesion of the brain and surrounding tissues can cause damage to the cranial nerves II, III, VII and VIII, limb movement disorders, aphasia, cerebral insufficiency, epilepsy, etc. . Interventricular foramen or subarachnoid space adhesions can cause hydrocephalus, which can lead to mental retardation, epilepsy, etc. Subdural hydrops can form after thrombophlebitis occurs through the intermeningeal bridging veins, which is more common in children aged 1-2 years. When the results of timely and appropriate treatment are not satisfactory, and convulsions and projectile vomiting occur during the recovery period, especially accompanied by localization signs, continued increase in intracranial pressure, and fever, the possibility of subdural hydrops should be considered. Purulent persistent lesions include conjunctivitis, panphthalmia, otitis media, arthritis, pneumonia, empyema, endocarditis, pericarditis, orchitis, etc.

Although meningococcal meningitis is fierce, its onset is It is severe, but it can be prevented as long as we understand the pattern of onset and take comprehensive measures. In life, we should pay attention to the following points.

1. Always dry clothes, bedding, and sunbathing. Neisseria meningitidis is afraid of heat, cold, and anaerobic weaknesses, so it is necessary to frequently dry clothes, bedding, and bask in the sun. The indoor temperature should be 18℃-20℃, and the humidity should be 50-60℃. Open the window 3-4 times a day for about 15 minutes each time. Wipe the table and floor with a wet cloth every day to keep the indoor air fresh and moist. Allow children to increase their outdoor activities, preferably from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., to improve their adaptability to hot and cold changes in the surrounding environment and their resistance to diseases. At the same time, during the season when meningitis occurs frequently, vinegar, mugwort leaves, etc. can also be used indoors for fumigation and disinfection to kill germs.

2. Protect susceptible groups and improve immunity. Note that during the epidemic period, all persons in close contact with meningococcal meningitis cases should be vaccinated. The A and C bivalent polysaccharide vaccines currently available on the market in my country can effectively induce antibodies and immunize people over the age of two. No booster is required the following year, but booster vaccination is required after 3-5 years.

3. Detect patients promptly, isolate and treat them early. During the meningitis epidemic season, once patients with unexplained fever, fatigue, sore throat and other symptoms are found, they should be more vigilant.

If the patient develops persistent high fever, severe headache, projectile vomiting, etc., he should be sent to the hospital for examination immediately. Those diagnosed should be isolated and treated. The environment and supplies contaminated by the patient must be strictly disinfected to prevent the spread.

4. Cultivate a good lifestyle. You should work and rest on time, ensure sleep, and regularly participate in some physical exercises within your ability to strengthen your physique and improve your body's disease resistance.

5. Go less often or not to public places. In early spring, try to avoid going to crowded public places with poor air circulation. Pay attention to changing clothes at any time according to weather changes to avoid catching a cold.