Knowledge questions about health and wellness

1. What is health?

Health refers to physical health, mental health and good social adaptability.

2. What is health for all?

Health for everyone means that everyone has the right to enjoy health, and everyone has the obligation to maintain the health of themselves and others.

3. What are the global strategic goals proposed by the World Health Organization?

"Health care for everyone"

4. What aspects does health care include?

Health care includes four aspects: (1) health promotion; (2) prevention; (3) treatment; (4) rehabilitation

5. What is primary health care?

Primary health care is the most basic health care. It requires that every individual and family can receive the following nine health services: (1) health education and understand the basic knowledge of maintaining health; (2) obtain Proper nutrition; (3) Enjoy safe and clean drinking water; (4) Access to maternal and child health care and family planning; (5) Vaccination; (6) Prevention and control of endemic diseases; (7) Access to treatment for common diseases and injuries; (8) Access to essential medicines; (9) Prevention of non-communicable diseases and promotion of mental health.

6. What is the meaning of health education?

Health education is to enable people to voluntarily adopt behaviors that are conducive to health, eliminate or reduce risk factors, and reduce morbidity, disability and mortality through planned, organized and systematic educational activities. . Improve the quality of life and evaluate the effectiveness of education.

7. What is the goal of health education?

The goal of health education - "knowledge, belief and action". “Knowledge” means popularizing health knowledge; “faith” means believing and accepting health knowledge; “action” means turning health knowledge into practical actions.

8. What is the meaning of health promotion?

Health promotion refers to using education, organization, law, policy and economic means to intervene in lifestyles, behaviors and environments that are harmful to health in order to promote health.

9. What challenges is health facing?

(1) Changes in medical models; (2) Changes in lifestyle; (3) Aging of the population; (4) Environmental pollution.

10. What is the way to create a healthy world?

(1) Enhance self-care ability; (2) The whole society participates in health care; (3) Everyone learns health knowledge.

11. What is the significance of creating a sanitary city?

(1) Create a good working, studying and living environment for the people, realize primary health care, and improve people’s health level; (2) Cultivate new trends in social civilization and health, improve the quality of citizens, and build a socialist spirit Civilization; (3) Improve urban functions, improve the investment environment, expand opening to the outside world, promote economic development, and accelerate the pace of urban modernization.

12. What are the contents of the inspection and assessment of a sanitary city?

(1) Management of patriotic health organizations; (2) Health education; (3) City appearance and environmental sanitation; (4) Environmental protection; (5) Public places and drinking water sanitation; (6) Food hygiene; (7) Prevention and control of infectious diseases; (8) Elimination of "four pests" in urban areas; (9) Hygiene of window units; (10) Hygiene of units and residential areas; (11) Public opinion polls.

13. What are the categories of sanitary city naming?

Now it is mainly divided into two categories: provincial health cities and national health cities.

14. When is the National Patriotic Health Month?

April every year.

15. When is World Health Day?

April 7.

16. When is the National Childhood Immunization Day?

April 25.

17. When is World No Tobacco Day?

May 31st.

18. When is National Teeth Day?

September 20.

19. When is International AIDS Day?

December 1st.

20. What are the ten standards for measuring human health proposed by the World Health Organization?

(1) Have abundant energy and be able to take on daily life and heavy work calmly without feeling nervous or fatigued.

(2) Be optimistic, have a positive attitude, and be willing to take responsibility.

(3) Be good at resting and sleeping well.

(4) Strong adaptability and ability to adapt to various changes in the external environment.

(5) Able to resist common colds and infectious diseases.

(6) Appropriate weight, well-proportioned body, and coordinated head, shoulder, and arm positions when standing.

(7) Bright eyes, quick response, no eye disease.

(8) Teeth are clean, no cavities, no pain, normal color of gums, no bleeding.

(9) Hair is shiny and free of dandruff.

(10) The muscles are plump and the skin is elastic.

21. How to achieve mental health?

To be mentally healthy, you must: (1) evaluate yourself correctly and have clear life goals; (2) be tolerant and tolerant of others and establish good interpersonal relationships; (3) character Cheerful, cheerful, and optimistic; (4) Positive and motivated, not afraid of setbacks, and dare to accept challenges in adversity.

22. What are the key points of heart health care?

To protect the heart and improve heart health, we must: (1) prevent and control high blood pressure; (2) not smoke and avoid passive smoking; (3) reduce salt and control weight; (4) adhere to physical exercise exercise.

23. What are the four principles of a healthy lifestyle?

The four principles of World Health Organization to promote healthy lifestyles to the world are: (1) no smoking; (2) drinking less alcohol; (3) balanced diet; (4) exercise.

24. What is population aging?

Elderly people over 60 years old account for 10% of the total population and those under 65 years old account for 70% of the total population.

25. What are the health tips for elderly friends?

For the sake of health, elderly friends please remember the following tips: (1) Physical activity is essential, read more and use your brain; (2) Pay attention to the prevention and treatment of geriatric diseases, regular physical examinations are very important; (3) Pay attention to nutrition and eat more vegetarian food, eat light and 70% full; (4) Don’t smoke and drink less, and maintain a good lifestyle; (5) Old and young live in harmony with the whole family, be cheerful and energetic; (6) Participate in more social activities and make more contributions and be happy .

26. How do parents educate their children?

Treat your only child correctly and don’t turn love into harm. Parents must firstly have strict requirements for their children and guide them correctly; secondly, they must cultivate their children's ability to take care of themselves and not do everything for themselves; thirdly, they must learn to care for and respect others and not let them think of themselves as "little emperors"; fourthly, they must educate their children Develop good hygiene habits and cultivate a new generation of physical and mental health.

27. What requirements should household hygiene meet?

Requirements for household hygiene: (1) The room is clean and well ventilated; (2) Bedding is clean and washed and dried frequently; (3) Stoves and tableware are clean, and raw and cooked food utensils are separated; (4) There is no " "Four Pests"; (5) Family members have good hygiene habits; (6) Pay attention to food hygiene.

28. What does personal hygiene mean?

Personal hygiene refers to our daily behavioral hygiene.

29. What are the “four diligences” for healthy behavior?

Bath frequently, get haircuts frequently, cut nails frequently, wash and dry clothes and quilts frequently.

30. What are the “four don’ts” that should be observed in healthy behaviors?

Don’t spit anywhere; don’t throw peel and confetti anywhere; don’t litter or splash sewage; don’t defecate anywhere.

31. What are the “six essentials” for healthy behavior?

Brush your teeth twice a day, morning and evening, with a toothbrush only; wash your face every day, with separate towels; drink boiled water, not boiled water; consciously quit smoking and not drink too much; eat reasonably and not overeat; Exercise regularly and get enough sleep.

32. What is the basis of public health ethics?

Every citizen must consciously abide by it.

33. What does prohibiting "six chaos" mean?

It is prohibited to spit, throw debris, posters, pile objects, build or stall indiscriminately.

34. What are the "three guarantees in front of the door"?

Our city's "three guarantees in front of the door" refer to environmental sanitation, greening and beautification, and traffic management order.

35. What are the benefits of greening?

Greening not only beautifies the environment, but also purifies the air. It can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, which is beneficial to physical and mental health.

36. Why is smoking prohibited in public places?

In order to control the harm of smoking, protect the health of citizens and protect the environment, smoking is prohibited in public places.

37 , What are the harmful ingredients in cigarettes?

The harmful ingredients in cigarettes are mainly carbon monoxide, tar, nicotine, etc.

38. What diseases can be caused by smoking?

Long-term smoking can cause chronic bronchitis, coronary heart disease, lung cancer and other diseases.

39. What do the "four pests" refer to?

The "four pests" refer to rats and flies. , mosquitoes and cockroaches.

40. What diseases can rats spread?

Rice mainly spread epidemic hemorrhagic fever, plague, leptospirosis, etc.

41. What diseases can flies spread?

Flies can spread intestinal infectious diseases, such as typhoid, cholera, dysentery, viral hepatitis, etc.

42. What diseases can mosquitoes spread?

Mosquitoes can spread Japanese encephalitis, malaria, filariasis, etc.

43. What diseases can cockroaches spread?

The dangers and risks of cockroaches? Similar to flies, they transmit pathogens and spread various diseases, such as dysentery, cholera, typhoid, tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, polio and roundworms.

44. To prevent rats?

To prevent rats, the first step is to do a good job in preventing rats, eliminate dead corners, fill rat holes, cut off rat food, and build rat-proof walls and doors; the second is to use chronic rodenticides for poisoning Every household should kill mosquitoes on a regular basis.

45. How to eliminate mosquitoes? larvae to prevent the reproduction of mosquitoes; use mosquito coils, mosquito killer tablets and aerosols to kill adult mosquitoes.

46. How to prevent flies?

The key to killing flies is to strengthen domestic waste. and management of feces, and kill fly maggots in time; the second is to kill adult flies; the third is to install screen doors, screen windows, and screen covers to prevent flies.

47. How to get rid of cockroaches?

To eliminate cockroaches, we should improve environmental sanitation, eliminate dead corners, clean out debris in drawers and cupboards, scald insecticide oothecae with boiling water, and spray pesticides to kill cockroaches.

48. New "new methods of environmental pollution". What do "four hazards" and "three wastes" refer to?

The new "four hazards" refer to waste water, waste residue, waste gas, and noise. Industrial "three wastes" refer to waste gas, waste water, and waste produced in the industrial production process. Waste residue, etc.

49. What is the relationship between "three wastes" and human health?

The "three wastes" pollute the environment in many ways, and ultimately cause harm to human health through polluted air, water, food, etc. Chronic poisoning is common, and acute poisoning accidents sometimes occur.

50. What are the basic principles of "three wastes" governance?

Comprehensive planning, rational layout, comprehensive utilization, and reducing harm to benefits; relying on the masses, everyone taking action, protecting the environment, and benefiting the people.

51. What impact does noise have on the human body?

Noise can damage hearing, harm the nervous system and cardiovascular system, and cause deafness, neurasthenia, irregular heartbeat, coronary heart disease, etc.

52. What are the measures to prevent noise harm?

(1) Eliminate or reduce noise sources; (2) Control the spread of noise; (3) Personal protection; (4) Health examination.

53. What are occupational diseases?

In the process of production and labor, diseases caused by harmful factors of production can be called occupational diseases.

54. What are the main harmful factors in production labor?

There are four types: (1) Chemical harmful factors, which refer to toxic substances and dust; (2) Physical harmful factors, which refer to high temperature, noise, etc.; (3) Biological harmful factors; (4) Other harmful factors.

55. How to pay attention to personal hygiene when working?

(1) Do not eat, smoke, or place utensils, tea sets and food in hazardous workplaces; (2) Do not feed babies in workplaces and wear work clothes; (3) Wash before eating Clean your hands and shower before getting off work; (4) Do not take work clothes home, do not mix work clothes with your daily clothes, and work clothes should be washed frequently.

56. What is fatigue?

Fatigue refers to a phenomenon of reduced working ability caused by overwork of physical or mental workers during the working process.

57. How to adopt the correct way of resting?

The correct way to rest is to ensure adequate sleep and appropriately arrange some literary, artistic and sports activities, that is to say, adopt the rest principle of combining work and rest, and combining movement and stillness.

58. How many hours of sleep do adults need every day on average?

The daily sleep requirement for adults is 7-8 hours. It seems that everyone has his own sleep requirement. As long as this amount is reached, he will no longer feel sleepy. If he sleeps for too long, he will feel tired.

59. Why do employees working in high temperatures drink cool drinks?

Employers who work in high-temperature environments sweat 4-8 liters per day. Excessive sweating will not only cause people to lose water, but also lose salt, and refreshing drinks can supplement it. The role of water and salt in the human body to achieve a balance of water and salt metabolism in the body.

60. What are the symptoms of “premonitory heatstroke”?

Symptoms such as dizziness, chest tightness, palpitations, general fatigue, thirst and profuse sweating during work in high-temperature workplaces are "premonitory heatstroke".

61. How to deal with heat stroke?

In the event of threatened heatstroke, you should immediately leave the high-temperature place and rest in a ventilated, cool and quiet place, and drink refreshing drinks. Mild cases can gradually recover, and severe cases should be promptly escorted to the hospital for rescue.

62. What are the technical measures to protect against harmful factors in the working environment?

(1) Use low-toxic or non-toxic substances to replace toxic substances; (2) Improve the process; (3) Mechanize, automate, and seal the production process of harmful operations; (4) Ventilation measures; ( 5) Isolation and shielding.

63. Briefly describe the Bazi experience in preventing dust hazards?

"Re" means technological innovation, "water" means wet operation, "sealing" means sealing dust sources, "wind" means ventilation and dust removal, "protection" means personal protection, and "management" means strengthening management. , "teach" means health education, and "check" means supervision and inspection.

64. What are the on-site first aid principles for acute occupational poisoning?

1) Move the patient away from the scene quickly; (2) Loosen collars and buttons to keep breathing smooth; (3) Keep the patient quiet; (4) Remove contamination as soon as possible; (5) Close Pay attention to the condition; (6) Transfer to the hospital immediately.

65. How to rescue acute carbon monoxide poisoning (gas poisoning)?

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning can be divided into mild, moderate and severe; mild cases may have headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, while severe cases may cause coma, convulsions. If carbon monoxide poisoning is found, the patient should be moved to the air immediately. In a fresh place, oxygen and symptomatic treatment will be given to severe cases. When there is a gas leak, you should open the doors and windows first. It is strictly forbidden to use open flames and switch on and off various electrical appliances to prevent gas explosions and fires.

66. How to provide on-site rescue after industrial trauma?

First responders must first stay calm and prevent panic. They must race against time to perform artificial respiration and external chest heart massage on the seriously injured, and promptly and reasonably stop bleeding, immobilize, bandage and transport the seriously injured.

67. How to rescue an electrocuted person?

It is strictly forbidden to use your hands to rescue an electric shock victim. You should immediately cut off the power supply or use a dry wooden stick to open the wires, and then quickly check the breathing and heart conditions. If the heart stops, rescue must be carried out on the spot and manual labor must be performed. Respiratory and cardiac massage, do not use cardiotonic drugs, call an ambulance at the same time, ask a doctor to come to rescue.

68. What should I do if I am deeply injured by iron nails or wooden thorns?

Small and deep wounds caused by iron nails or wooden thorns should not be bandaged carelessly. They should be debrided immediately and injected with tetanus antivenom.

69. How to stop bleeding when injured?

If the wound is small, you can use your fingers to directly press the bleeding crack; if the wound is large, you can find a clean towel or handkerchief to press the wound; if the bleeding is large, you can tie a tape above the bleeding opening and loosen it once every half an hour. And go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.

70. What should you do when a fish bone bites your throat?

Don’t swallow hard when a fish bone bites your throat. You can drink some vinegar to soften the fish bone. If no effect is seen, go to the hospital. Do not remove the fish bone yourself.

71What should I do if my eyes are injured?

Do not rub your eyes after an eye injury. If irritating liquid enters your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water immediately. Any eye injury should be treated in the hospital as soon as possible.

72. What should I do if a foreign object is choked into the child’s trachea?

Immediately pick up the child upside down, head down, and pat the shoulders and back to pour out the foreign object. If it doesn't work, hold the child sideways facing the adult, with his head on the adult's left arm, and send him to the hospital for emergency treatment.

73. How to rescue a drowning person? Place the drowning victim prone, elevate the abdomen and apply pressure on the back. If breathing or heartbeat stops, perform artificial respiration and chest heart compression immediately, and rescue operations must not be interrupted on the way to the hospital.

74. How to perform artificial respiration?

Unbutton the patient's collar, pinch the patient's nostrils, take a deep breath, blow into the patient's lungs mouth-to-mouth, then release the nostrils and press the patient's abdomen to expel the air; repeat the above actions every minute 12-16 times, repeated many times until the patient resumes spontaneous breathing.

75. How to perform external chest heart massage?

For extrathoracic heart massage, place the victim supine on a hard board or floor. The first aid provider stands on the right side of the victim, with the heel of the palm of his left hand placed on the lower end of the sternum, and his right hand pressing on the elbow joint on the back of his left hand. Straighten and press down hard to make the sternum sink 3-4 centimeters, then relax with your hands and let the chest bounce up on its own 80 times per minute.

76. What is the best age for childbearing?

The best age for childbearing is between 25 and 30 years old. According to people's physical development characteristics and family planning requirements, the appropriate age for marriage is 25 years old for men and 23 years old for women.

77. What is the significance of premarital examination?

The significance of premarital examination: (1) It is beneficial to the health of both parties and the next generation; (2) It is beneficial to promote eugenics of the population and improve the quality of the nation; (3) It is beneficial to proactively and effectively grasp the timing of conception and contraception .

78. Why can’t we marry close relatives?

Because the offspring of consanguineous marriages may develop hereditary diseases and malformations, such as idiots (idiots), anencephaly, and some hemorrhage and anemia diseases.

79. What are the basic requirements for family planning?

Late marriage, late childbearing, low birthrate, eugenics, and good education.

80. What are the "five phases of health care" for women's health care? Which issue is the most important?

Women's health care is divided into: menstrual health care, pregnancy health care, perinatal health care, lactation health care, menopausal health care, etc., which is called "women's five-phase health care". Health care during pregnancy is the most important.