Ask foreign countries for information on India's 62-year self-defense counterattack.

1962165438+1October 265438+1October 24, the Chinese border guards on the Sino-Indian border received the order signed by Mao Zedong. The general staff sent an urgent telegram to all units. The messages are as follows: Qian Zhi, Military Region, Zhi Ding, Kangzhi, Xinjiang Military Region and Chengdu, Lanzhou and Beijing Military Regions: In order to further strive for political initiative, the central government decided to issue a statement, announcing that in order to promote the peaceful settlement of the Sino-Indian border issue, our army decided to take the initiative to cease fire from 00: 00 on June 22+654438 on February. 1962165438+10: 00 on October 22nd. The Indian army ceased fire on the Sino-Indian border in accordance with Mao Zedong's orders. 1 962 65438+February1,China troops voluntarily withdrew. By March 1962 and 1, they all retreated within 20km of the actual control line on September 7th 1959. This is the desire of the China government to maintain the friendly relations between China and India, and it also shows once again China's sincerity in advocating that the Sino-Indian border issue be resolved through peaceful negotiations rather than by force. China's border guards were ordered to wipe and repair a large number of weapons and vehicles seized in the counterattack, and in June+mid-February, 5438, other captured military materials were packed and sent back to India. No prisoner will be killed, beaten, cursed, insulted or confiscated. Give preferential treatment in life and treat the injured. The Sino-Indian border self-defense counterattack took place under specific historical conditions, which is different from the domestic national liberation war and the people's liberation war, and also different from the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. Five basic characteristics of the Sino-Indian war: First, this war was caused by India's attempt to solve the border dispute by force, and it was a political and military war. The China government has always advocated equal consultation, mutual understanding and mutual accommodation, and peaceful negotiation to resolve border disputes, while the Indian Nehru government insists on expansionism and territorial claims by force. This determines that this war is highly politicized. Military, political and diplomatic struggles are integrated and intertwined. Military struggle must be subordinate to and serve political and diplomatic struggles. This feature not only restricts the form, process and outcome of this war, but also affects the strategic guidance of both sides. The Government of China has always advocated the settlement of border disputes through negotiations and opposed resorting to force. Even though the Indian army deliberately provoked and killed officers and men of China's border guards, it maintained restraint and patience and took the initiative in political, diplomatic and moral struggles. Only when the Indian army completely refused to settle the border dispute peacefully and launched a large-scale attack did the Chinese border guards fight back after the attack. However, after the success of the first world war, the Indian government issued a statement affirming its great significance and still insisting on a peaceful settlement of the Sino-Indian border issue. The Indian government openly refused peace talks and launched another attack. China's border guards were forced to fight back again, winning a decisive victory, winning the initiative for further political and diplomatic struggle, and winning wide sympathy and support from people all over the world. This local border war determines that military struggle must be subordinate to political and diplomatic struggle, and the three should be closely combined. The need of political and diplomatic struggle determines the fight, stop, advance and retreat of military operations; Military victory has also created favorable conditions for political and diplomatic struggle, and then strive to promote talks through war, promote peace through war, and be relatively peaceful and stable. Second, in this war, although China and China have their own advantages and disadvantages, on the whole, China's comprehensive national strength and national defense strength are greater than India's, and the overall quality of's army, especially its political quality, is higher than India's. This is different from the situation that the enemy is strong and we are weak in the New Democratic Revolutionary War and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. The Indian army, originally a British colonial army, fought side by side with the fascist troops of Germany, Italy and Japan in World War II, claiming to be "a powerful force that fought all over Europe and Asia". The main force of his troops participating in the war was printed in Selected Works of Mao Zedong, Volume 1, People's Publishing House, 2nd edition, June 65438. The Fourth Division of the Army is the "Ace Force". The Indian army has a good technical level, short rear transport lines, fast reserve corps and convenient replenishment. But the Indian army is also a bourgeois mercenary, with a strong feudal and colonial color. Following the basic system of the British army, it carried out an unjust war of aggression, with low morale and many internal contradictions. And tactical thinking is conservative, afraid of melee and night fighting. China's border guards, a time-tested people's army led by China's Production Party and armed with Mao Zedong Thought, have high political consciousness, strict organizational discipline, heroic and tenacious fighting style, revolutionary spirit of hard struggle, flexible strategy and tactics and good command ability. Most of the troops have combat experience in the plateau area, and they are teachers of justice, and they get a lot of help. This characteristic laid an objective foundation for China's victory. Third, the war was carried out in the special environment of Karakorum and Himalayas. This area is a part of the "roof of the world", with steep terrain, bad climate, inconvenient transportation, sparse population and backward economy. The eastern war zone is characterized by high mountains and narrow valleys, dense roads and dense forests, and changeable climate. The average altitude of the western combat zone is 4500 meters, and the main peak is more than 6000 meters. The surface is bare, with snow all year round, severe hypoxia and cold climate. These harsh natural conditions and geographical environment have seriously affected military operations. It is difficult for troops to assemble, maneuver, command and coordinate, the battlefield capacity is small, non-combat attrition is easy to occur, the normal performance of weapons is difficult to play, and logistics supply is difficult. Overcoming the harsh natural environment has become the key to winning the battle. Fourth, the war was fought in the western frontier of the motherland, which is mainly inhabited by ethnic minorities. Mass work and ethnic and religious policies have great influence on the war. Only by attaching great importance to ethnic and religious work and winning the support of people of all ethnic groups and patriotic monks in border areas can we win this war. It is on the basis of strict implementation of the party's ethnic and religious policies, long-term arduous and fruitful ethnic work and close unity with border ethnic minorities that the border guards in Tibet and Xinjiang have won the war. Fifth, in this war, the logistics supply of China border guards basically came from the mainland, with long routes, few roads and backward means of transportation, which was very difficult. This greatly limits the scale and duration of the movement. The Indian army logistics supply base is close to the battlefield, with convenient transportation, which is conducive to lasting operations. These characteristics determine the complexity of the war and affect the scale, process and outcome of the war. These characteristics are the objective basis for the two sides to guide the war, and we must actively strive for the victory of the war within the limits of objective conditions. In this regard, the CPC Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and President Mao Zedong were far-sighted, sized up the situation, grasped the law of its development and change, made a series of decisions in line with the actual situation of the war, and implemented correct strategic guidance; Commanders in war zones insist on seeking truth from facts, proceed from the reality of the battlefield, give full play to subjective initiative, carry forward military democracy, make correct arrangements and conduct careful command; Participating troops give full play to their advantages, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, rely on political advantages, work hard, be brave in fighting, concentrate superior forces, and annihilate the enemy one by one. Thus, on the stage of the Sino-Indian border war, scenes were staged, writing a new glorious chapter in the history of China's revolutionary war.