20 10 answers to the reading questions of modern Chinese in the national volume of the new curriculum standard.

A required question

First, modern reading (9 points, 3 points for each small question)

Read the following text and complete 1 ~ 3 questions.

"Book" originally refers to writing symbols. The books we are talking about now are not from characters and symbols, nor from the "six books" of philology, but from the art of calligraphy. Calligraphy has a far-reaching influence on the Chinese nation. Calligraphy, together with gold, stone and painting, occupies a very important position in China culture. Calligraphy is an art and is loved by the broad masses of the people. As soon as China's Chinese characters appeared, writers had the requirement and desire to "write beautifully". This is the case in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Although the glyph is complex, the structure and composition should look good, whether it is a single word or a whole word. It can be seen that since the beginning of writing, it has been accompanied by artistic requirements and aesthetic requirements.

Qin Li and Han Li both evolved from seal script, which is monotonous and troublesome. Therefore, after the Jin Dynasty, real calligraphy (also known as regular script and official script) began to appear and gradually shaped. Although the writing and style of each family are different, the font structure is the same. In history, seal script, official script, etc. Not as long as a real book. Authentic books have been used to this day because of their fixed fonts, natural strokes, continuous writing and easy discovery of more than one stroke. A real book is a running script if it is written tearfully, and a cursive script if it is written quickly. Another source of cursive script is the cursive script of the Han Dynasty, that is, writing cursive script with the brushwork of real books is different from writing cursive script with the brushwork of Han Li. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it merged with the real book and changed to cursive script.

The writing of real books is very convenient, so various works are constantly emerging with diverse artistic styles, and various fonts have appeared, such as Yan style, Liu Ti style, European style and Chu style. Before that, no one specialized in writing and was famous for calligraphy. Even Wang Xizhi was not a special writer, and there was no such name as "calligrapher" in ancient times. At that time, many tablets were written by craftsmen who carved tablets. In the Tang Dynasty, it was common for literati to write tablets. Emperor Taizong loved to write, wrote two inscriptions, Jinci Ming and Wenquan Ming, and gave the rubbings of these two inscriptions to foreign envoys. Scholars and famous officials at that time, such as Yu Shinan, Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and later Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan, all wrote inscriptions, and calligraphy schools gradually increased, and their inscriptions have been passed down to this day. In fact, today, the level of documents and classics unearthed in Dunhuang, Turpan and other places really exceeds the inscriptions handed down from ancient times. In the literature of ordinary people in the Tang Dynasty, there are also calligraphy that is better than Ci Ming and Wen Quanming in the Jin Dynasty, but the works written by emperors and officials are more valued, and many unknown calligraphers' works are unknown.

In ancient times, a good calligraphy work was called "calligraphy", which means that this work is enough to reach dharma. "Calligraphy", "the way of calligraphy" and "the art of calligraphy" refer to the method of writing; Now they are combined into one, both of which are called "calligraphy". Calligraphy plays a great role in people's lives, from calligraphy works, artistic decoration to correspondence. At the same time, calligraphy activities can not only cultivate artistic sentiment, but also adjust the mind and recuperate the spirit, so as to achieve the effect of fitness. People in the Northern Dynasties once said, "Thousands of miles away, thousands of miles away." Seeing a letter, I feel very kind, as if I met someone. Calligraphy is regarded as the representative of people's character and image, which has been the case since ancient times. (Excerpted from Seven Gong's Random Talks on Stone Painting and Calligraphy)

1. The following statement about "book" is not in line with the original intention.

A in Chinese, "book" can refer to both characters and symbols, and it can also be the "book" of "six books" in philology. From the perspective of calligraphy art, the so-called "book" is calligraphy.

B in history, "book" and "gold", "stone" and "painting" are both called, and they also occupy a very important position in China culture because of their far-reaching influence.

C. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the structure and composition of single words or whole words are beautiful, which shows that as soon as Chinese characters appear, there is a requirement of "calligraphy".

D True books are easy to write, and various works appear constantly, forming different fonts such as Yan Ti and Liu Ti, which are divided according to the artistic style of "books".

Answer b

The analysis of "them" (referring to "gold", "stone" and "painting") is also out of thin air because of its far-reaching influence, not the expression of "book".

2. Among the following understandings, what is not in line with the original intention is

Both Li He evolved from seal script, which is monotonous and troublesome. Therefore, after the Jin Dynasty, real books came into being and are still in use today.

B. A real book is a running script if it is written continuously, and a faster running script is a cursive script, which is a source of cursive script. Another source of cursive script is Cao Zhang, which was formed by writing Cao Zhang with Han Li's brushwork.

C in ancient times, there were no people who were famous for calligraphy at first, and it was not until the Tang Dynasty that literati wrote tablets that they became popular. Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and others became calligraphers.

D in ancient times, "calligraphy" refers to the method of writing, and "calligraphy" refers to good calligraphy works. Now the two are combined into one, both of which are called "calligraphy".

Answer b

Another source of cursive script is Cao Zhang in Han Dynasty, which means that writing cursive script with real calligraphy is different from writing Cao Zhang with Han Li's brushwork.

3. In the following understanding and analysis, one that does not conform to the original content is

A. As far as the complexity of glyphs is concerned, Qin Li and Han Li have surpassed real books, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions has surpassed Qin Li and Han Li. It can be said that this is the fundamental reason why real books have been used for a long time.

B There are not many schools of ancient calligraphy. At that time, there was not even the name of "calligrapher", but in the Tang Dynasty, calligraphy flourished and there were more and more schools. It seems that the development of calligraphy has a lot to do with the advocacy of society.

C. In the Tang Dynasty, some unknown calligraphers had a high level. In fact, the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty steles did not represent the highest level at that time, but it was praised by the world because it was written by emperors and officials.

D China people have regarded calligraphy as a representative of people's character and image since ancient times, so people in the Northern Dynasties called it "a thousand miles away", which means people today call it "seeing words like seeing people".

Answer c

To say that "its level is indeed higher than that of handed down monuments" is not to deny its representativeness, but only to state the fact that calligraphy is indeed higher than that of handed down monuments, but it is just unknown.