Although blind people in the subway carry guide dogs, how are guide dogs trained?

The cause of the incident was that the subway refused to let blind people take guide dogs.

On July 23, a netizen broke the news that a blind man with a guide dog wanted to take the subway in Beijing and was stopped by all the staff. The rejection of seeing-eye dogs entering the subway station immediately triggered a heated discussion. In this regard, the Shanghai subway operator clearly responded to Xinmin. He said that guide dogs who go to work can take the Shanghai subway as long as they have complete "documents" and "guide clothes"

The "seeing-eye dog refused to enter the subway station" incident that triggered a hot discussion among netizens happened yesterday. Netizen "Dessert Empire" said that a blind man with a guide dog at Tiantongyuan Station of Beijing Subway was stopped by all the staff. Jenny, a Weibo user whose authentication information is "guide dog", wrote sadly in Weibo that "going to Tiantongyuan Station on Line 5 was refused 1 1 time", and she could only leave with tears in her eyes for the last time.

This incident quickly caught the attention of netizens. Some netizens expressed anger at this, saying, "How can blind people walk without seeing-eye dogs getting on the bus?" "What happened to the guide dog?" ; Some netizens feel sorry for this, saying that "there should be more tolerance for blind people and guide dogs!" Guide dogs are the eyes of the blind! " ; Some netizens are very enthusiastic about popularizing relevant common sense, saying that "guide dogs are safer than people after strict screening and training, and can protect blind friends."

Can also reduce accidents, please treat them sincerely and kindly! "; Some netizens also said that they would use their practical actions to support guide dogs to take the subway. Respect for guide dogs and their owners is what everyone who can see should do! ""I like guide dogs, and I am willing to ride with them! "However, some netizens believe that taking a guide dog may not be conducive to ensuring normal operation order." The subway has a large passenger flow. When you get to the next bus at rush hour, you can get on it one at a time. How can you take a dog up there? "

"I have seen guide dogs in the Shanghai subway!" The reporter saw that many netizens also said that they had witnessed guide dogs taking the Shanghai subway. So, what is the attitude of Shanghai Metro towards guide dogs? "For the Shanghai Metro, we welcome certified guide dogs to take the subway."

The subway operator said that as long as the working clothes and certificates of guide dogs are complete, they can enter the Shanghai subway to "ride" and will never be rejected. "In addition, if blind people with guide dogs need help during the ride, they can always ask the staff at our station for help; If conditions permit, we will also arrange special staff to accompany the blind to bring guide dogs into the station. "

The Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Rail Transit (Revised Draft) submitted to the Standing Committee of the Municipal People's Congress for deliberation last month also contains relevant instructions on seeing-eye dogs riding. Article 25 of the draft clearly stipulates that it is forbidden to carry live birds, cats, dogs and other pets within the scope of rail transit facilities, except for "guide dogs".

How are guide dogs trained?

The training of professional courses for blind counseling must be conducted by specialized trainers in specific training places and public places. The training ground should be equipped with various obstacles, such as small bridges with different widths, obstacles at railway crossings, steps, entrances and exits of simulated stations and platforms, traffic lights at simulated intersections, various columns (height can be lifted), ditches and ordinary cars. During the training process, the trainer should constantly change the placement position of obstacles at any time and place to prevent the dog from poor contact. At the same time, the trainer should educate the dog not to catch and bite all kinds of small animals close at hand.

1. Select barrier-free level road training on barrier-free paths. The trainer asked the dog to sit on his left or slightly in front, gently holding the U-shaped handle of the dog with his left hand, holding the reconnaissance stick or wooden stick with his right hand, and giving the dog the commands of "leaning" and "walking". The trainer and the dog go forward together, but the dog should not pull the trainer, but walk side by side. At the beginning, the walking route should be straight. When the dog can walk slowly side by side with the trainer, the trainer should give him a "good" password to reward him, and after the training, he should give him a pat or food reward. With the improvement of the walking ability of dogs and trainers, the endurance of dogs should be gradually cultivated, and the traveling distance can be gradually increased to more than 1 km. When the dog is very skilled in the barrier-free path, it is necessary to make the training environment a little more complicated and cultivate the dog's turning ability. In turning training, the trainer should first slow down, give the dog the command of "turning right" or "turning left", and at the same time twist the handle in the direction it wants to go with his left hand, and it will turn around and walk slowly with the dog. When the dog turns around, it should be given a verbal reward. Repeat the training so often until the dog can turn completely according to the command. In the process of barrier-free horizontal road training, the trainer shall not allow the dog to stop moving without reason, but the trainer can often do 1-2 actions to make the dog stop moving unexpectedly. When the dog is proficient in the path, it is necessary to take the dog to walk on the road or highway, but it is necessary to slow down beside it so that the dog can fully learn to slow down its walking speed and walk in a straight line and turn side by side with the trainer.

2. Obstacle early warning training Obstacle early warning training is the most important part of guide dog training, and it is also the only way for the blind to see the light again. Early warning of road obstacles can avoid embarrassment, injury and even save the lives of the blind. The trainer first places some objects on the road that dogs can't cross, such as benches, boxes, stone piles, etc. During training, the trainer gives the dog the password of "lean" and "walk" and walks with the dog. When dogs and people reach obstacles, the trainer gives the dog a "stop" password and stops. If the dog stops, tap the obstacle with a cane, give a "good" password and pat the dog to reward it. Then, the trainer can lead the dog around the obstacle or remove the obstacle by others, move on and repeat the process. Repeat this training until the dog completely grasps the insurmountable obstacle and stops automatically. When the dog has the above abilities, it is necessary to set the obstacles in a style that dogs can pass but people can't, such as various low, medium and high obstacles. The training method is basically the same as above, that is, the trainer goes to the bar under the guidance of the dog and gives the "stop" password in time. If the dog stops, he will tap the bar with his cane and praise the dog. If the dog doesn't stop, the trainer should immediately stop and hold the dog, and at the same time tap the crossbar with his cane to signal to the dog that the dog can pass, but the owner can't, so that the dog can understand the owner's meaning after this action. Repeat the training in this way and gradually reduce the number of "stop" commands in front of the obstacle until the dog guides the trainer to stop in front of the obstacle actively. At this time, it is necessary to constantly change the height of the crossbar to cultivate the dog's accurate judgment ability. In other words, if the height of the guardrail is less than 2 meters, the dog should be trained to stop and give an early warning. If the crossbar exceeds 2 meters, the counting dog will continue to guide the trainer. The method is still the same. Initially, when the crossbar rises to 2 meters, the dog may also stop automatically. At this time, the trainer should encourage the dog to move on. Repeatedly raise the fence bar to more than 2 meters or lower it to less than 2 meters for training, and strictly carry out stop-and-go, so that the dog can form a boundary line of 2 meters in his mind and accurately guide the trainer's actions. This training will be repeated until the dog fully masters this skill.

3. Obstacle early warning training Obstacle early warning training is the most important part of guide dog training, and it is also the only way for the blind to see the light again. Early warning of road obstacles can avoid embarrassment, injury and even save the lives of the blind. The trainer first places some objects on the road that dogs can't cross, such as benches, boxes, stone piles, etc. During training, the trainer gives the dog the password of "lean" and "walk" and walks with the dog. When dogs and people reach obstacles, the trainer gives the dog a "stop" password and stops. If the dog stops, tap the obstacle with a cane, give a "good" password and pat the dog to reward it. Then, the trainer can lead the dog around the obstacle or remove the obstacle by others, move on and repeat the process. Repeat this training until the dog completely grasps the insurmountable obstacle and stops automatically. When the dog has the above abilities, it is necessary to set the obstacles in a style that dogs can pass but people can't, such as various low, medium and high obstacles. The training method is basically the same as above, that is, the trainer goes to the bar under the guidance of the dog and gives the "stop" password in time. If the dog stops, he will tap the bar with his cane and praise the dog. If the dog doesn't stop, the trainer should immediately stop and hold the dog, and at the same time tap the crossbar with his cane to signal to the dog that the dog can pass, but the owner can't, so that the dog can understand the owner's meaning after this action. Repeat the training in this way and gradually reduce the number of "stop" commands in front of the obstacle until the dog guides the trainer to stop in front of the obstacle actively. At this time, it is necessary to constantly change the height of the crossbar to cultivate the dog's accurate judgment ability. In other words, if the height of the guardrail is less than 2 meters, the dog should be trained to stop and give an early warning. If the crossbar exceeds 2 meters, the counting dog will continue to guide the trainer. The method is still the same. Initially, when the crossbar rises to 2 meters, the dog may also stop automatically. At this time, the trainer should encourage the dog to move on. Repeatedly raise the fence bar to more than 2 meters or lower it to less than 2 meters for training, and strictly carry out stop-and-go, so that the dog can form a boundary line of 2 meters in his mind and accurately guide the trainer's actions. This training will be repeated until the dog fully masters this skill.

4, up and down stairs, slope training The training of going up and down stairs is relatively simple. The trainer and the dog stood facing the steps. Then, the trainer tapped the first step with his cane, gave the dog the orders of "lean" and "walk", and then slowly took the dog upstairs. Every step, the trainer should stop by himself, and at the same time, let the dog stop for a while. When these steps are completed, the trainer should reward the dog a little. This kind of training will be repeated until the dog can slowly guide the trainer to rise under the command of the trainer. The training method of going down stairs is the same as going up stairs, but you must slow down to prevent accidents. Don't reward dogs with food after going up and down stairs training, because this kind of reward will make dogs want to finish the training quickly, which will make the training more difficult. When the dog can skillfully guide the trainer up and down the stairs, it is necessary to train the dog's early warning ability. That is, the trainer goes up the stairs with the dog. When they come to the stairs, the trainer should give a "stop" password to stop the dog as an early warning. When the dog stops, the trainer taps the steps with his cane to show that he has felt it, then makes the dog "lean" and "walk" and rewards the dog after going up and down the stairs. This kind of training gradually reduces the password of "stop" when coming to the stairs, and finally makes the dog develop the ability to automatically stop warning when coming to the stairs. In front of high slopes, trenches and steep embankments, the trainer should stop the dog, carefully tap the steep slope on the road with a cane to show speculation and research, and then take the dog through very slowly. After repeated many times, the dog will understand that in this case, it must pass very carefully and slowly.

5. Cross-street training in the city When the dog can skillfully guide the trainer to move forward, it is necessary to cultivate the dog's ability to correctly guide the trainer to cross the road. Crossing the road training is a difficult point in the training of blind tour guides and must be carried out on the normal traffic line. Dogs must get used to walking or parking on the right side of the road before learning to cross the road. During training, the trainer and the dog advance along the right side of the sidewalk and pay attention to the traffic. When there is no vehicle passing by, the trainer gives the password of "turn left" and "go" in time, and turns the handle to the left. At the same time, when there is a vehicle, the driver will turn around and cross the road with the dog and give him praise. When the car passes, the coach should give the password of "turn left" and "stop". After turning, they should stop at the side of the road together. When the car passes by, they should give a "go" password and then cross the road with the dog. In the process of crossing, if you encounter traffic, the trainer should give the password of "stop" or "go" in time. This kind of repeated training makes the dog learn to decide whether to stop or walk according to whether there is a car passing by. In the training of crossing the road, dogs must be calm, steady and sophisticated. No matter what danger or difficulty it faces, the dog must not panic.

6. It is extremely necessary and simple to train dogs to obey traffic signals. At the beginning, in the training ground, the traffic signal device was installed at the height of 1. 5-2 meters above the ground to cultivate the habit of dogs stopping at red lights and going green. During training, the trainer walks to the traffic signal device under the guidance of the dog. Before the signal device, the trainer can attract the dog's attention to the signal device and cultivate the habit of paying attention to the signal light when the dog travels. When encountering a red light, the trainer should immediately give a "stop" order and stop with the dog. If it is a green light, he should give the orders of "lean" and "walk" and cross the road with the dog. Repeated training like this will often change the signal, and at the same time, the trainer will gradually reduce the command of the password, and strive to cultivate the dog's ability to learn to distinguish the signal, so as to automatically stop or continue to move slowly according to the signal of the traffic light. When the dog can act accurately according to the signal of the signal lamp, the signal lamp should be gradually raised to the normal height to cultivate the dog's discrimination ability. After the dog is skilled, it is necessary to take the dog to the crossroads for field exercise. After the dog has been trained in the above six steps and achieved good ability, the trainer should organically combine the six steps for comprehensive training and practical exercise until the dog is fully familiar with and masters all skills.

Matters needing attention

Dog assistant reminds you:

1. The training ground should be equipped with various obstacles, such as small bridges with different widths, obstacles at railway crossings, steps, entrances and exits of simulated stations and platforms, traffic light signals at simulated intersections, various obstacles (height can be raised and lowered), ditches and ordinary cars.

Guide dogs wear special saddles when they work so that their owners can lead them. When walking with your master, you should stick to his left and never stay away from him. It can be said that the work of a guide dog is to act as the eyes of the visually impaired. (of course, you can't watch TV for the host. )

Source: Baidu search

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