Basic knowledge of textile

Knitted fabrics are soft in texture, hygroscopic and breathable, excellent in elasticity and extensibility, and can be produced.

Knitted clothing is comfortable, close-fitting and unconstrained, which can fully reflect the human body curve. Modern knitted fabrics are more colorful and have entered the stage of multi-function and high-grade. New knitted fabrics with various texture effects and different functions were developed, which brought unprecedented sensory and visual effects to knitwear.

1, acetate fiber (Acetel) knitted fabric acetate fiber has the same unique properties as silk, with bright luster and color, excellent drape and hand feeling. The knitted fabric made of it has smooth hand feel, comfortable wearing, moisture absorption and air permeability, light weight, low moisture regain, difficult pilling and antistatic property.

Knitted georgette, popcorn and other fabrics woven with acetate fiber are favored by consumers. 2. Modal fiber knitted fabric Modal fiber is a new type of environmental protection fiber, which integrates the comfort of cotton, the drape of viscose, the strength of polyester and the feel of silk, and can still maintain its soft and bright color after repeated washing.

Knitting technology still combines the characteristics of fiber and knitting itself, such as softness, bulkiness, high elasticity and comfort, so that their superior properties complement each other. On the circular knitting machine (large circular knitting machine), the single and double-sided knitted fabric interwoven by bare modal and spandex is soft, smooth, elastic, drape, shiny, moisture-absorbing and breathable, and has a silky feel. The fashion designed with this fabric can reflect the human body curve to the maximum extent, and create a sexy and charming female body, which is a high-end knitted garment favored by avant-garde fashion families.

3. Strong-twist combed yarn knitted fabric The cool linen knitted fabric made of strong-twist combed yarn not only has the feeling of hemp yarn, but also has good cool hygroscopicity, especially when silk is twisted. It is an ideal high-grade knitted fabric, which not only has the excellent properties of silk, but also has a fuller feel, more rigidity, good dimensional stability and good wrinkle resistance, and is an ideal fabric for high-grade professional and casual wear. 4, Coolmax fiber knitted fabric has four grooves of Coolmax fiber, which can quickly drain the sweat generated during human activities to the surface of the clothing to evaporate, keep the skin fresh and make the activities comfortable.

It has good moisture conductivity, and knitted fabrics interwoven with cotton fibers have good moisture conductivity, so it is widely used to sew T-shirts, sportswear and so on. 5. Regenerated green fiber Lyocell knitted fabric Regenerated green fiber Lyocell, knitted plain weave (sweat cloth), rib weave and double rib weave (cotton wool) are interwoven with bare Tencel and spandex. Its fabric has a changing texture, soft texture, smooth fabric surface, good elasticity, elegant product style, silk appearance, good drape, good air permeability and washing stability, and it is a fashionable tight-fitting fashion, casual clothes and sports.

6. Flash knitted fabrics have a flash effect and have always been the favorite of fashion designers. On the circular knitting machine (circular knitting machine), gold and silver are interwoven with other textile materials, which has a strong reflective flash effect or gold plating method on the fabric surface, and various patterns of flash effect appear on the knitted fabric, while the reverse side of the fabric is flat, soft and comfortable, which is a better knitted garment fabric.

The tight-fitting women's fashion and evening dress designed with this knitted fabric will show the radiant, luxurious and bright charm of knitted fabric through the dazzling and romantic style of shiny fabric, and fully display the elegant demeanor of knitted clothing, which provides a broad prospect for product development. Knowledge of knitted fabrics 1. The pure cotton yarn of knitted fabric is a single yarn or plied yarn with a certain fineness and unlimited length, which is suitable for weaving, knitting, thread making and rope making.

Its specifications are often expressed in English count, and the English count (Ne) of cotton yarn is defined as: the conditional weight is the length code of one pound of cotton yarn. Calculation of English count of cotton yarn: Several 840-yard cotton yarns weigh one pound under the specified weight, which is called English count.

For example, including 32 840 yards, it is called 32 English branches, and so on. Second, yarn count classification Coarse count yarn: pure cotton yarn with count ≤ 18, mainly used for weaving thick fabrics or stacking cotton fabrics.

Medium yarn: 19-29 inch pure cotton yarn. Mainly used for general requirements of knitted garments.

Fine count yarn: 30-60 inches pure cotton yarn. Mainly used for high-grade knitted cotton fabrics.

Fine count yarn: more than 60 pure cotton yarns, used for high-grade knitted cotton fabrics. 3. Carding and combing carded yarn: refers to the yarn spun by carding spinning process, also known as carded yarn.

Combed yarn: refers to the yarn produced by using high-quality cotton fiber as raw material and adding combing process to ordinary combed yarn during spinning. 4. The gram weight of knitted fabric is generally the gram weight of fabric per square meter.

Gram weight is an important technical index of knitted fabric. In knitted products, generally speaking, the heavier the gram weight, the thicker the fabric texture.

Knowledge of knitted fabrics (2)(2) Warp-knitted fabrics are often made of synthetic filaments such as polyester, nylon, vinylon and polypropylene, as well as cotton, wool, silk, hemp, chemical fiber and their blended yarns. It has the advantages of good longitudinal dimensional stability, crisp fabric, small shedding, no curling and good air permeability.

However, its lateral extensibility, elasticity and softness are not as good as those of weft knitted fabrics. There are mainly the following categories: 1, polyester warp-knitted fabric: the fabric is smooth and bright, with thickness.

Thin fabrics are mainly used for shirts and skirts; Medium and thick fabrics can be used as fabrics for men and women such as clothes, windbreakers, tops, suits and trousers. 2. Warp-knitted pile fabric: mainly used for winter coats, windbreakers, tops, pants and other fabrics for men and women. The fabric has good drape and is easy to wash, dry and iron-free, but it will accumulate static electricity and easily absorb dust during use; 3. Warp-knitted mesh fabric: The mesh fabric is light in texture, good in elasticity and breathability, smooth and soft to the touch, and is mainly used as shirt fabric for men and women in summer; 4. Warp-knitted velvet fabric: the surface fluff is upright and dense, with thick, plump, soft, elastic and good warmth retention, which is mainly used as winter clothes and children's clothing fabrics; 5. Warp-knitted terry fabric: This kind of fabric is full and thick in hand, solid and thick in cloth body, with good elasticity, hygroscopicity and warmth retention, stable terry structure and good wearability, and is mainly used for sportswear, lapel T-shirts, pajamas and children's wear.

2. A complete collection of clothing fabric knowledge

In the world of clothing, the fabrics of clothing are varied and changing with each passing day.

But generally speaking, high-quality and high-grade fabrics are characterized by comfortable wearing, sweat absorption and breathability, crisp drape, noble vision and soft touch. It is recommended to choose pure cotton, pure wool, pure silk and pure linen for formal social occasions.

Most of the clothes made of these four pure natural fabrics are of high grade. Sometimes, clothes made of pure leather are allowed.

Below, briefly introduce the characteristics of common clothing fabrics. 1, cotton cloth, is the floorboard of all kinds of cotton textiles.

It is mainly used to make fashion, casual wear, underwear and shirts. Its advantages are easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, moisture absorption and air permeability.

Its disadvantage is that it is easy to shrink and wrinkle, and its appearance is not crisp and beautiful, so it must be ironed frequently when wearing it. 2. Hemp flax is a kind of cloth made of hemp, flax, ramie, jute, sisal, banana and other hemp plant fibers.

Generally used to make casual clothes and work clothes, now it is also used to make ordinary summer clothes. Its advantages are extremely high strength, good hygroscopicity, thermal conductivity and air permeability.

Its disadvantages are uncomfortable to wear and rough and stiff appearance. 3. Silk refers to all kinds of silk fabrics woven from silk.

Like cotton cloth, it has many varieties and different personalities. It can be used to make all kinds of clothes, especially women's clothes.

Its advantages are light, suitable, soft, smooth, breathable, colorful, shiny and high. In the world of clothing, the fabrics of clothing are varied and changing with each passing day.

But generally speaking, high-quality and high-grade fabrics are characterized by comfortable wearing, sweat absorption and breathability, crisp drape, noble vision and soft touch. It is recommended to choose pure cotton, pure wool, pure silk and pure linen for formal social occasions.

Most of the clothes made of these four pure natural fabrics are of high grade. Sometimes, clothes made of pure leather are allowed.

Below, briefly introduce the characteristics of common clothing fabrics. 1, cotton cloth, is the floorboard of all kinds of cotton textiles.

It is mainly used to make fashion, casual wear, underwear and shirts. Its advantages are easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, moisture absorption and air permeability.

Its disadvantage is that it is easy to shrink and wrinkle, and its appearance is not crisp and beautiful, so it must be ironed frequently when wearing it. 2. Hemp flax is a kind of cloth made of hemp, flax, ramie, jute, sisal, banana and other hemp plant fibers.

Generally used to make casual clothes and work clothes, now it is also used to make ordinary summer clothes. Its advantages are extremely high strength, good hygroscopicity, thermal conductivity and air permeability.

Its disadvantages are uncomfortable to wear and rough and stiff appearance. 3. Silk refers to all kinds of silk fabrics woven from silk.

Like cotton cloth, it has many varieties and different personalities. It can be used to make all kinds of clothes, especially women's clothes.

Its advantages are lightness, health, softness, smoothness, breathability, bright colors, luster, elegance and comfort. Its disadvantages are easy to wrinkle, easy to absorb, not strong enough and fast fading.

Woolen fabric, also known as woolen fabric, is a general term for fabrics made of various wool and cashmere. It is usually suitable for making formal and advanced clothes such as dresses, suits and coats.

Its advantages are wrinkle resistance and wear resistance, soft hand feeling, elegant and crisp, elastic and warm. Its main disadvantage is that it is difficult to wash and is not suitable for summer clothes.

5. Leather Leather is a tanned animal fur fabric. It is mainly used to make fashion and winter clothes.

It can also be divided into two categories: one is leather, that is, depilated leather. The second kind is fur, that is, treated leather with belt hair.

Its advantages are lightness, warmth and elegance. Its disadvantages are high price and high requirements for storage and care, so it is not suitable for popularization.

6. Chemical fiber Chemical fiber is the abbreviation of chemical fiber. This is a fiber textile made of polymer.

Usually it falls into two categories: man-made fibers and synthetic fibers. Their advantages are bright colors, soft texture, crisp drape, smoothness and comfort.

Their disadvantages are poor wear resistance, heat resistance, hygroscopicity and air permeability, easy to deform when heated, and easy to generate static electricity. Although it can be used to make all kinds of clothes, the overall grade is not high and it is difficult to be elegant.

7. Blending Blending is a fabric made by blending natural fibers and chemical fibers in a certain proportion, which can be used to make various clothes. Its advantage is that it not only absorbs the respective advantages of cotton, hemp, silk, wool and chemical fiber, but also avoids their respective disadvantages as much as possible, and its value is relatively cheap, so it is very popular.

What kind of textile knowledge do you want to learn?

It depends on what you want to learn:

If it is gauze, go to China gauze:

If it's fabric, put on China knitting net and China knitting net.

If it is a textile material, please visit the fiber related website.

Also, China's textile network is relatively comprehensive.

Books, look at knitting, knitting, fabric design, spinning, textile materials.

These books may not be available until the slightly larger Xinhua Bookstore, because they are more professional.

I study textile, and now I am engaged in yarn industry. If you have any questions about cotton yarn, you can ask me and let's talk.

Can you solve your problem?

4. Basic knowledge of clothing/textile industry

Styles and characteristics of various clothing fabrics Clothing is made of fabrics, and fabrics are the materials used to make clothing.

Fabric, as one of the three elements of clothing, can not only interpret the style and characteristics of clothing, but also directly affect the performance effect of clothing color and modeling. In the world of clothing, the fabrics of clothing are varied and changing with each passing day.

But generally speaking, high-quality and high-grade fabrics are characterized by comfortable wearing, sweat absorption and breathability, crisp drape, noble vision and soft touch. It is recommended to choose pure cotton, pure wool, pure silk and pure linen for formal social occasions.

Most of the clothes made of these four pure natural fabrics are of high grade. Sometimes, clothes made of pure leather are allowed.

Below, briefly introduce the characteristics of common clothing fabrics. 1, cotton cloth, is the floorboard of all kinds of cotton textiles.

It is mainly used to make fashion, casual wear, underwear and shirts. Its advantages are easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, moisture absorption and air permeability.

Its disadvantage is that it is easy to shrink and wrinkle, and its appearance is not very beautiful. You must always iron when you wear it. 2. Hemp flax is a kind of cloth made of hemp, flax, ramie, jute, sisal, banana and other hemp plant fibers.

Generally used to make casual clothes and work clothes, now it is also used to make ordinary summer clothes. Its advantages are extremely high strength, good hygroscopicity, thermal conductivity and air permeability.

Its disadvantages are uncomfortable to wear and rough and stiff appearance. 3. Silk refers to all kinds of silk fabrics woven from silk.

Like cotton cloth, it has many varieties and different personalities. It can be used to make all kinds of clothes, especially women's clothes.

Its advantages are lightness, health, softness, smoothness, breathability, bright colors, luster, elegance and comfort. Its disadvantages are easy to wrinkle, easy to absorb, not strong enough and fast fading.

Woolen fabric, also known as woolen fabric, is a general term for fabrics made of various wool and cashmere. It is usually suitable for making formal and advanced clothes such as dresses, suits and coats.

Its advantages are wrinkle resistance and wear resistance, soft hand feeling, elegant and crisp, elastic and warm. Its main disadvantage is that it is difficult to wash and is not suitable for summer clothes.

5. Leather Leather is a tanned animal fur fabric. It is mainly used to make fashion and winter clothes.

It can also be divided into two categories: one is leather, that is, depilated leather. The second kind is fur, that is, treated leather with belt hair.

Its advantages are lightness, warmth and elegance. Its disadvantages are high price and high requirements for storage and care, so it is not suitable for popularization.

6. Chemical fiber Chemical fiber is the abbreviation of chemical fiber. This is a fiber textile made of polymer.

Usually it falls into two categories: man-made fibers and synthetic fibers. Their advantages are bright colors, soft texture, crisp drape, smoothness and comfort.

Their disadvantages are poor wear resistance, heat resistance, hygroscopicity and air permeability, easy to deform when heated, and easy to generate static electricity. Although it can be used to make all kinds of clothes, the overall grade is not high and it is difficult to be elegant.

7. Blending Blending is a fabric made by blending natural fibers and chemical fibers in a certain proportion, which can be used to make various clothes. Its advantage is that it not only absorbs the respective advantages of cotton, hemp, silk, wool and chemical fiber, but also avoids their respective disadvantages as much as possible, and its value is relatively cheap, so it is very popular.

1. Knitted fabrics Knitted fabrics can be divided into weft knitted fabrics and warp knitted fabrics according to weaving methods. (1) Weft-knitted fabrics are usually made of low-elastic polyester yarn or profiled polyester yarn, nylon yarn, cotton yarn and wool yarn. On various weft knitting machines, flat needles, flat needles, ribbed flat needles, double ribbed flat needles, jacquard and terry are used to knit.

It has many varieties, generally good elasticity and extensibility, soft fabric, strong wrinkle resistance, strong wool feeling, easy listening and quick drying. However, its hygroscopicity is poor, the fabric is not stiff enough, and it is easy to fall off and curl, and the chemical fiber fabric is easy to pilling and spinning.

There are mainly the following varieties: 1, polyester yarn-dyed knitted fabric: the fabric has bright color, beautiful appearance, harmonious color matching, tight and thick texture, clear organization and strong wool style, which is similar to tweed. Mainly used for men's and women's coats, suits, windbreakers, vests, skirts, cotton-padded jacket fabrics, children's wear and so on. 2. Polyester knitted labor protection fabric: This fabric is compact and thick, strong and wear-resistant, crisp and elastic. If the core-spun yarn containing spandex is used as raw material, it can be woven into elastic knitted denim with good elasticity.

Pants are mainly used for coats for men and women; 3. Polyester knitted wick fabric: the fabric is concave and convex, with thick and plump feel, good elasticity and warmth retention. Mainly used for men's and women's coats, suits, windbreakers, children's wear and other fabrics; 4. Polyester coated cotton knitted fabric: The dyed fabric can be used as shirt, jacket and sportswear fabric.

The fabric is crisp and wrinkle-resistant, strong and wear-resistant, and the close-fitting side is moisture-absorbing, breathable, soft and comfortable; 5. Man-made wool knitted fabric: The fabric feels thick, soft and warm. According to different varieties, it is mainly used for coat fabrics, clothing linings, collars, hats and so on.

Artificial fur can also be woven by warp knitting. 6. Velvet knitted fabric: the fabric feels soft, thick, strong and wear-resistant, with dense fluff and soft color.

Mainly used as coat fabric, collar or hat material. It can also be woven by warp knitting, such as warp knitting terry shearing fabric; 7. Hong Kong knitted woolen cloth: It not only has the smoothness, softness and bulkiness of cashmere fabric, but also has the characteristics of soft luster, good drape, no shrinkage and good air permeability of silk fabric.

Mainly used as fashion fabrics in spring, autumn and winter. (2) Warp-knitted fabrics are usually made of synthetic filaments such as polyester, nylon, vinylon and polypropylene fibers, as well as cotton, wool, silk, hemp, chemical fiber and their blended yarns.

It has the advantages of good longitudinal dimensional stability, crisp fabric, small shedding, no curling and good air permeability. However, its lateral extensibility, elasticity and softness are not as good as those of weft knitted fabrics.

There are mainly the following categories: 1, polyester warp-knitted fabric: the fabric is smooth and bright, with thickness. Thin fabrics are mainly used for shirts and skirts; Medium and thick fabrics can be used as fabrics for men and women such as clothes, windbreakers, tops, suits and trousers. .

5. Clothing fabric knowledge

Clothing consists of three elements: style, color and material.

Among them, material is the most basic element. Clothing materials refer to all the materials that make up clothing, which can be divided into clothing fabrics and clothing accessories.

Here, I mainly introduce some knowledge of clothing fabrics to you. First, the concept of clothing fabric: refers to the material that reflects the main characteristics of clothing.

2. Common clothing fabrics 1) Cotton fabric: refers to the fabric woven with cotton yarn or blended yarn of cotton and cotton-based chemical fiber. It has good air permeability, good hygroscopicity and comfortable wearing, and is a popular fabric with strong practicability.

It can be divided into two categories: pure cotton products and cotton blends. 2) Hemp fabric: pure hemp fabric woven from hemp fiber and fabrics blended or interwoven with hemp and other fibers are collectively called hemp fabric.

Hemp fabric also has the characteristics of hard texture, rough and crisp, cool and comfortable, and good hygroscopicity. Hemp fabrics can be divided into pure spinning and blended fabrics. 3) Silk fabric: it is a high-grade variety in textiles.

Mainly refers to the fabric with mulberry silk, tussah silk, rayon and synthetic fiber filaments as the main raw materials. It has the advantages of being thin, light, soft, smooth, elegant, gorgeous and comfortable.

Wool fabric: it is made of wool, rabbit hair, camel hair and wool-type chemical fiber as the main raw materials. Generally speaking, it is a high-grade clothing fabric all year round, which has the advantages of good elasticity, wrinkle resistance, stiffness, wear resistance, strong warmth retention, comfort and beauty, pure color and so on, and is well received by consumers. 5) Pure chemical fiber fabric: Chemical fiber fabric has high fastness, good elasticity, good stiffness, wear resistance, washability, easy storage and collection, and is deeply loved by people.

Pure chemical fiber fabric is a fabric woven from pure chemical fibers. Its characteristics are determined by the characteristics of its chemical fiber itself.

Chemical fibers can be processed into a certain length according to different needs, and woven into silk-like, cotton-like, hemp-like, elastic wool-like and medium-long wool-like fabrics according to different processes. 6) Other clothing fabrics 1. Knitted garment fabric: it is made of one or several yarns that are continuously bent into loops along the weft or warp direction and nested with each other.

2, fur: English pelliccia, leather with fur, generally used for winter boots, shoes or shoe mouth decoration. 3. Leather: all kinds of tanned animal skins.

The purpose of tanning is to prevent the skin from getting worse. The skins of some small animals, reptiles, fish and birds are called "skins" in English, but in Italy or some other countries, "Pelle" and its consent words are usually used to indicate this kind of leather. 4. New fabrics and special fabrics: batik, tie-dyeing, space cotton, etc.

Third, the identification of commonly used clothing fabrics 1) sensory method 1, pure cotton cloth: the surface of the cloth is soft, soft to the touch, with poor elasticity and easy wrinkling. When you pinch the cloth by hand and loosen it, you can see obvious wrinkles, and the wrinkles are not easy to recover.

Pull out several warp and weft yarns from the edge of the cloth and twist them. The lengths of the fibers are different. 2. Viscose cotton cloth (including rayon and fiber-rich cloth): the cloth surface is soft and bright, bright in color, smooth and flat, soft to the touch and poor in elasticity.

When you pinch the cloth by hand and loosen it, you can see obvious creases, and the creases are not easy to recover. 3. Polyester cotton cloth: the luster is brighter than pure cotton cloth, the cloth surface is flat, clean and free of yarn ends and impurities.

It feels smooth and crisp, and its elasticity is better than pure cotton. When you loosen the cloth by hand, the crease is not obvious and it is easy to recover.

4. Pure wool worsted fabric: the surface of the fabric is smooth and smooth, and the texture is delicate and clear. Soft and natural luster, pure color.

Soft and elastic. Pinch the tweed with your hand to loosen it, the crease is not obvious, and it will soon return to its original state.

Most yarns are double-stranded. 5, pure wool woolen cloth: the surface is full and the texture is tight and thick.

There are fine hairs on the surface, and the texture is generally not exposed. Feel warm, plump and elastic.

Most yarns are coarse count single yarns. 6. Wool-polyester blended wool fabric: the appearance is pure wool fabric style.

Tweed is clear, flat and smooth, not as soft as pure wool fabric, but has a stiff and rough feeling, and its elasticity is higher than all wool and wool bonded wool fabrics. Tighten tweed by hand and then loosen it, and the crease will soon return to its original state.

7. Wool and wool blended woolen cloth: mostly worsted woolen cloth. Strong sense of wool, wool style and warmth.

Elasticity is not as good as wool polyester. 8. Wool-nylon blended wool fabric: The wool fabric has a smooth surface, strong wool feeling, waxy appearance and stiff hand feel.

When the woolen cloth is loosened by hand, there will be obvious creases, and it can be slowly restored to its original state. 9. Silk: Silk has smooth and clean surface, soft luster and bright and pure color.

Smooth and soft to the touch, light and elegant in appearance. When the silk surface is dry, there is a pulling feeling when touched by hand, and there is a "silk sound" when it is torn.

10. Viscose silk fabric (rayon): Silk has a bright but not soft surface, bright colors, smooth hand feel and soft and strong drape, but it is not as light and elegant as real silk. When the silk surface is loosened by hand, creases will appear and recover slowly.

The voice is hoarse when it is torn. After the longitude and latitude lines are soaked by water, they are easy to break.

2) combustion identification method list of characteristics of several commonly used fibers during combustion: cotton is close to the flame and does not shrink or melt. Contact with the flame, burning rapidly, the flame is orange with blue smoke.

Leave the flame and continue to burn. Burning paper has almost no ash and is linear.

Ash powder is soft and light gray, which can be easily pulverized by hand. Cannabis is the same as above, with little gray, light gray, or grayish white, which can be easily pulverized by hand.

Silk is close to the flame, so it won't melt when curled. Contact the flame and burn slowly.

Leave the flame and put it out yourself. The flame is orange and very small.

A small black-brown ball with burning feathers or hair, which is easy to powder when touched by hand. Hair is close to the flame and will not curl and melt.

Contact with flame, smoke burning, bubbles. Leave the flame and continue to burn.

Sometimes it goes out by itself and the flame is orange. When burning feathers or hair, there are many odorous ashes, which form shiny amorphous black blocks. When touched by hand, it is easy to become gray viscose, close to the flame and burn quickly. When burning paper with orange flame, the smell of ash is less. When dark gray or light gray polyester fiber is close to the flame, it will shrink first and then melt.

Contact with flame, melt and burn. Leave the flame and continue to burn.

The flame is yellowish white and bright, with linear black smoke at the top. Special fragrance, dark brown amorphous lumps or balls, which can be crushed with your fingers.

Fiber classification of clothing fabric assembly Plant fiber: cotton, hemp animal fiber: silk, wool artificial fiber (recycled): viscose, soybean fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber synthetic fiber: polyester, nylon, acrylic fiber, ammonia, chlorine (nylon) yarn classification: pure cotton yarn: carded/semi-refined/combed (high uniformity, high strength, easy to use,