What kind of bird is this?

Night heron, also known as Shuiwazi, Huiwazi, Star Crow, Huiwazi, Cangji, Jixing, Nighthawk (Zhejiang), Night Crane and Night Crane (Hainan), is called Black-crowned night heron in English. The top of the head, the back of the neck, the pillow, the crest and the back are black, and the pillow has 2 ~ 3 narrow white feathers; White lower body; Wings and tail feathers are gray. The forehead, the top of the head, the pillow, the crest and the shoulders are black and blue with metallic luster; The forehead base and eyebrow line are white; 2 ~ 3 braided white crown feathers are attached to the pillow; The waist, wings and tail feathers are gray; The chin and throat are white; Cheeks, neck, chest and sides are light gray, and the abdomen is white. Iris blood red; The exposed part of the eye is yellow-green; The mouth is black, and the tarsus and toes are yellow. Strong medium-sized heron with big head and short neck. Only in this way can it be included in the list of terrestrial wild animals that are beneficial to national protection or have important economic and scientific research value. Appearance: the top of the head, the back of the neck, the pillow, the crest and the back are black, and there are 2 ~ 3 narrow white feathers on the pillow; White lower body; Wings and tail feathers are gray. The forehead, the top of the head, the pillow, the crest and the shoulders are black and blue with metallic luster; The forehead base and eyebrow line are white; 2 ~ 3 braided white crown feathers are attached to the pillow; The waist, wings and tail feathers are gray; The chin and throat are white; Cheeks, neck, chest and sides are light gray, and the abdomen is white. Iris blood red; The exposed part of the eye is yellow-green; The mouth is black, and the tarsus and toes are yellow. Young birds have black beak tip, yellow-green base, yellow iris, green eyes and yellow feet. Body type: weight ♂ 500 ~ 685g, ♀ 450 ~ 750g; Body length ♂ 480 ~ 585 mm, ♀ 475 ~ 560 mm; Mouth peak ♂ 57 ~ 73 mm, ♀ 63 ~ 73 mm; Wings ♂ 260 ~ 294 mm, ♀ 259 ~ 296 mm; Tail ♂ 93 ~ 120mm, ♀ 86 ~110mm; The living habits of tarsometatarsal ♂ 65 ~ 75 mm and tarsometatarsal ♀ 65 ~ 75 mm inhabit farmland, swamps and bamboo forests near ponds in plain and hilly areas. They often hide in swamps, shrubs or forests during the day and are active at dawn and night. Often mixed with egrets, cattle egrets and pond herons. Generally, they stand still with their necks down for a long time, or comb their feathers and walk through branches, and sometimes they stand on one leg and bow their bodies. If there is no interference or threat, generally do not leave a secluded place. Often people come to the front and suddenly rush out of the leaves, singing while flying, monotonous and rough. Crying: A low throat sound similar to wok or kowak-kowak when flying, and a hoarse croak when disturbed. Food: Terrestrial COLEOPTERA mainly feeds on small fish, frogs and aquatic insects. Although eating a lot of small fish and frogs, it has a certain effect on maintaining the natural ecological balance. Distribution scope Night herons are distributed in North America, Eurasia and North Africa, south-central Africa, Indian Ocean, Central America, South America, Indian subcontinent and southwest China, Indo-China Peninsula and southeast coastal areas of China, Pacific Islands and Wallace District. China is a summer migrant from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Shandong, Henan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Fujian. Summer migratory birds and resident birds in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui and Zhejiang; They are resident birds in Shanghai, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Hongkong, Hainan and Taiwan Province provinces. Nest in broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, Chinese fir forest and bamboo forest. The nest has a shallow disc shape and a rough structure. Made of branches, with an outer diameter of 30 ~ 5 1 cm, an inner diameter of 28 ~ 32 cm, a height of 12 ~ 15 cm and a depth of 8 ~ 9 cm. April to September is the breeding season. They often live in groups to build nests together, and often form mixed groups with other herons such as egrets, pond herons, cattle egrets and herons. The number of nests on a tree ranges from a few to a dozen, many of which are dozens or even hundreds. Male and female parents participate in nesting. Sometimes crows' nests are used as nests. Each egg lays 4 ~ 6 eggs. Oviposition every other day or every 1 ~ 3 days 1 egg, spawning period is 6 ~ 9 days. Eggs are blue-green, blunt oval, with the size of 465,438+0 ~ 48 mm× 365,438+0 ~ 37 mm, with an average of 44mm×35mm and a weight of 22 ~ 27 g, with an average of 24 g. The incubation period of eggs is 22 ~ 26 days. The brooding period is 30-35 days; The annual fertility rate is about 3.50. Chickens are late. When they are hatched, they are covered with white and sparse down. They are raised by both parents. After more than 30 days, the chicks can fly and leave the nest. Edit this subspecies differentiation

There are two subspecies in the world, and China has only the named subspecies.

Edit the population status of this section.

Night herons were once abundant and common in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, the provinces south and southwest of the Yangtze River, and even in Beijing and Northeast China in 1950s and 1960s.

night heron

Changbai Mountain can still be seen from time to time. But recently, the whole northeast has been hard to see, and the population in Beijing and other areas has also decreased significantly. The main reasons are cutting down trees, environmental pollution and human interference. According to the midwinter survey of Asian waterfowl organized by the International Waterfowl Research Bureau in 1990 and 1992, only 33 18 were found in China in 1990, including 79 in Hongkong and 735 in Taiwan Province Province. In 1992, only 3 168 were seen in China, including 2,698 in Taiwan Province province, 97 in Hongkong and only 373 in Chinese mainland, the number decreased. This species has been listed in the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals under National Key Protection or with Important Economic and Scientific Research Value issued by the State Forestry Administration in August 2000 1.

Edit this migration route

Some stay among birds, and some migrate. In Hainan Island, Taiwan Province Province, Guangdong Province, Hongkong, Fujian and other southern provinces, most of the breeding populations are resident birds and do not migrate. The breeding populations in Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan are partly resident birds and partly summer migratory birds. Breeding populations in the northern region are all

Night heron (8 pieces)

Summer migratory birds. They usually move to the northern breeding ground in the middle and late March and leave the breeding ground in late September and early June. Often sing in the evening or at night, fly in groups in the evening and dusk, and occasionally see a single flight, especially in the afternoon before it rains or rainy days and at night. When flying, 2 ~ 5 birds line up and sing while flying.

Edit this section of night heron protection

Guangzhou Forestry Bureau said that overfishing and indiscriminate killing of wild protected animals in remote rural mountainous areas of Guangzhou have occurred from time to time. Since April 2008,

night heron

Guangzhou forestry and forest public security departments launched a special campaign to crack down on the destruction of forest resources. In May, Guangzhou Dongwang Frozen Products Wholesale Market seized more than 0/000 national and provincial key protected animals/kloc-in just two hours. In another operation, a truck intercepted nearly 6,000 national second-class protected wild animals-night herons at one time. These night herons are all transported from Anhui to Guangzhou and sold to hotels and restaurants. It can be seen that the situation of wildlife protection in Guangzhou is still grim. According to the actual situation of Guangzhou and the needs of eco-city construction, three local forestry laws and regulations have been issued in recent years, and the forestry laws and regulations system has been relatively perfect. However, in some remote mountainous areas and rural areas, the publicity of popularizing the law is still insufficient. Due to the weak legal concept and driven by interests, the phenomenon of deforestation and indiscriminate killing of wild protected animals occurs from time to time. Experts suggest killing the night heron in East Lake moderately.

Jiunvdun in East Lake is rapidly becoming a paradise for thousands of night herons, where they can eat, drink, have fun and thrive happily. The fish in East Lake are often swallowed and turned into a piece of white feces. In view of the fact that night herons are causing ecological imbalance, experts suggest killing them in moderation. As soon as I entered Jiunvdun, I suddenly felt a foul smell of bird droppings. White bird droppings almost painted the leaves white; Noisy birds sing, making people numb; There are dense nests in the Woods, and there are 37 nests on a camphor tree. Tang, a bird expert at Wuhan University, said that in recent years, the "night heron disaster" has occurred all over China, mainly because the natural enemy eagle of the night heron is decreasing sharply. Night herons are very prolific. They can come out day and night to feed. Too many night herons will have very serious consequences. First of all, it took small and medium-sized egrets from the same food source and affected other species. Then the night heron lived in Wuhan for 8 months and ate hundreds of thousands of kilograms of fish; In addition, the night heron's excrement seriously pollutes the environment. Professor Tang suggested that in the case of losing natural enemies, human beings can properly kill and control the number of night herons.