A story about resisting Japanese goods

Historical background

"Boycott of Japanese goods" has been successful

It should be said that boycotting Japanese goods has been an old topic in the history of China. The earliest boycott of Japanese goods was in 198, when the China Navy detained Japanese ships smuggling weapons near Macau, which caused a diplomatic dispute between China and Japan, and then the Guangdong Merchants Association launched the first boycott of Japanese goods in China's modern history.

In the May 4th Movement when college students burned Japanese goods in Beijing in p>1919, China launched the most vigorous boycott of Japanese goods around the ownership of the Shandong issue at the Paris Peace Conference, and the effect was obvious.

In 1918, Japan accounted for 44.9% of the total merchandise exports of the great powers to China, but it continued to decline after 1919 and decreased to 24.5% in 1921. In 1923, due to the recovery of Lushun and Dalian, Japan resisted the resurgence of Japanese goods. In that year, Japan's exports to China only accounted for 24.2% of the total exports of various countries to China.

In the "boycott of Japanese goods" movement in China in the first half of the 2th century, the goods involved were relatively simple, mainly cotton yarn fabrics, daily necessities and other light industrial products, including Japanese mining production in China. During this period, the large-scale direct export of Japanese capital to China was relatively small, so the boycott was easy to happen and achieve its goal.

boycotting Japanese goods has also helped the development of national industries. The textile industry in China and Japan is very competitive, while boycotting the coarse cloth produced in Japan has reduced its competition with cotton mills in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Company also made its fortune in the period of boycotting Japanese goods. The company has always taken boycotting foreign goods and revitalizing domestic products as the theme to promote its products.

China boycotted Japanese goods for the first time in the late Qing Dynasty

On February 5, 198, the Japanese ship Erchen Maru was engaged in arms smuggling activities in Jiuzhouyang, China's territorial waters near Macau, and the Guangdong Navy patrol boat in the Qing Dynasty heard the news and went to search. The navy detained the crew and arms on board and lowered the Japanese flag on board.

After the incident that people in Guangzhou burned Japanese goods

, the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs accused China of violating Japan's interests and insulting the Japanese flag on February 14th, and lodged a serious protest with the Qing government. Portuguese colonialists are also ill-conceived, slandering the anti-smuggling actions of China Navy as "violating the coastal rights of Portugal and hindering its sovereignty". Japan pursued its robber logic and pushed its luck. On March 13th, it put forward five unreasonable demands to the Qing government, such as immediately releasing the Erchen Maru, punishing the China officer and navy officer who handled the matter to publicly apologize to Japan, compensating Japan for all losses, and China paying 21,4 yuan a day to buy all the arms carried by the ship. On March 15th, the Foreign Affairs Department of the Qing government accepted the Japanese request.

After the news reached Guangzhou, people from all walks of life were furious. On March 18th, thousands of people gathered in the yamen of the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi to petition, demanding that Governor Zhang Renjun state his interests to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and reject the Japanese conditions. At the same time, Xu Qin and Xu Fosu convened a gathering of Cantonese people in Shanghai to advocate boycotting Japanese goods. However, the Qing government feared the enemy like a tiger and ignored it.

On March 19th, Chen Huipu, president of the Guangdong Merchants Association, and others convened a meeting attended by more than 1, people, which was designated as the National Shame Memorial Day. The autonomous members of Guangdong merchants proposed to launch a boycott of Japanese goods, and all the participants responded, determined to carry forward the spirit of the Guangdong people's boycott of American goods in 195 to protest Japan's criminal acts. Someone immediately proposed to investigate the situation of Japanese goods in Guangdong. Before the meeting broke up, a businessman took the Japanese goods stored in the shop to the meeting place and burned them. After the meeting, "for a while, all businessmen abandoned Japanese goods in succession." More than a thousand people gathered again, held high the banner of "saving national rights", gave speeches along the street, and posted slogans such as "Don't buy Japanese goods" and "burn Japanese goods". When Wen Zongyao, the general manager of the Westernization Bureau, wanted to fire a gun on a Japanese warship to apologize, the Guangdong Chamber of Commerce led a crowd to stop him, scaring Wen Zongyao into going. The masses also spontaneously held a memorial service in memory of Feng Xiawei, a patriot who committed suicide by jumping into the sea in protest against American atrocities, in order to inspire anti-Japanese sentiment. On March 22, the Japanese ambassador to China asked the Qing court to ban Cantonese people from boycotting Japanese goods.

during this period, "Japanese goods are almost out of the market, and the losses of Japanese businessmen are countless" in Guangzhou. The wave of opposition to Japanese goods soon spread to Shanghai, Wuzhou, Nanning, Hong Kong and other places. "The impact is as great as the ports in Southeast Asia and America, and it has been unremitting for several years."

In p>198, Guangzhou people boycotted Japanese goods, which was initiated and led by businessmen organizations such as the Guangdong Merchants Association. This is the first time that China boycotted the Japanese goods movement. From the end of March to April, the import of Japanese goods decreased by 3 million yuan in Guangzhou alone. In 198 and 199, Japan's exports to China decreased by 25 million yuan and 85 thousand yuan respectively compared with 197.

2 Historical documents

Resolution of the Central Committee on boycotting Japanese goods

(August 27, 1932)

The Japanese imperialism's frenzied aggression and the rapid recovery and increase of trade exports to China fully exposed the shameless mask of the Kuomintang's so-called "anti-Japanese" and "anti-Japanese" in front of the broad masses, which made the working masses of workers and peasants throughout the country and the urban petty bourgeoisie break away from the Kuomintang.

It is estimated that recently, various movements of terrorist groups (such as blood and soul anti-rape groups and youth national salvation groups) against Japanese goods have been discovered all over the country, which fully shows the urgent demand of the working people and the petty bourgeoisie for boycotting Japanese goods in the anti-Japanese and anti-Kuomintang struggles.

However, due to the passivity and abandonment of opportunism led by the Party, the masses can't get the correct leadership, which leads to the wrong path of the current struggle against goods, which is taken advantage of by the bourgeoisie, the Kuomintang and reactionaries, deliberately exaggerating the results of this kind of terror, so as to prevent the movement against goods from developing into the revolutionary struggle of the masses.

in the urgent struggle of the masses for goods, the whole party immediately realized the instructions repeatedly pointed out by the Central Committee in the past: "We must resolutely carry out the work of boycotting Japanese goods and take the leadership of boycotting Japanese goods into our own hands", and we can no longer tolerate any negativity. The whole party must:

1. Immediately and openly organize the inspection of Japanese goods among workers, students and laboring masses (such as Japanese goods inspection teams, investigation teams, ten-member groups, pickets, and Japanese goods consignment teams), and set up mass goods arrival committees to carry out goods arrival work.

2. Fight against and refuse to load and unload all Japanese goods among dockers, railway, seamen and hard-working workers, organize teams to inspect Japanese goods, confiscate Japanese goods immediately and distribute the confiscated goods to these striking workers. This is the first and most important task in the arrival movement.

Third, resolutely lead unemployed workers, refugees and urban poor and their families to check Japanese goods in stacks, shops and docks, and lead these people to confiscate Japanese goods automatically to relieve the hunger and poverty of the masses.

fourth, in Japanese enterprises (especially in cotton mills, flour mills and mines), we should make use of and seize the factories where the workers' anti-Japanese sentiment and economic interests are most urgent, and organize the workers' anti-Japanese struggle for goods. Organize workers to stop Japanese goods from leaving the factory, confiscate the Japanese goods sold, and mobilize these workers who are familiar with Japanese goods to inspect Japanese goods on docks, stacks and shops, confiscate Japanese goods, and help the workers who fought against Japan with the confiscated Japanese goods.

5. among the shop assistants, the leaders organized the shop assistants to get up and expose and inspect the smuggled and counterfeit Japanese goods hidden by profiteers and capitalists, and automatically confiscated them.

6. lead the workers, students and the urban poor to surround and inspect the anti-Japanese meetings controlled by the Kuomintang and other reactionaries in the past. All Japanese goods confiscated by the Chamber of Commerce are required to be handed over to the masses immediately. If there are facts of refusing to inspect, hiding or engulfing them, we should lead the masses to use mass forces to stack these elements in the people's courts for public trial and give them the most severe sanctions (parading, fines and even handing them over to the masses for execution) in order to carry out the struggle against the Kuomintang and all reactionaries.

7. In the yellow trade union, the revolutionary opposition should resolutely lead, launch and organize the inspection of Japanese goods and the confiscation of Japanese goods, so as to expose the so-called legal procedures of the yellow trade union and the truth of its shielding and embezzlement of Japanese goods, and mobilize the masses to fight against the yellow trade union.

every party member, league member and red trade union member should be the leader and organizer of the movement of arrival of goods. Every struggle among the masses, party, league and trade union should be closely linked with the movement of arrival of goods. Grasping any small movement of arrival of goods should lead the organization to become the movement of arrival of goods among the masses, and the leadership of the movement of arrival of goods should be absolutely guaranteed under the leadership of the working class. It is necessary to expose the Kuomintang, the national bourgeoisie and all reactionaries, not to suppress their deceptive and arbitrary propaganda, but to denounce the mistakes in the struggle of terrorist groups that leave the masses and do not trust them, and to lead them to disappointment, pessimism and the danger of hindering the development of the mass revolutionary struggle. It is the most effective and correct way to point out the experience of strikes in provinces and ports.

in order to ensure the practical implementation of the goods-arrival movement, we must mercilessly attack the right opportunism of replacing the actual goods-arrival movement with empty talk, and cover up the passivity of giving up leadership to boycott Japanese goods with the "Left" view that "boycotting Japanese goods is the slogan of the bourgeoisie", so as to lead the mass goods-arrival movement to the right path, carry out the goods-arrival movement in practical action, and further develop the climax of the mass anti-Japanese, anti-imperialist and anti-Kuomintang struggle.

zhongyang

August 27th, 1932

crude oil printed according to the central archives [1]

3 Japanese brands

1. Digital cameras and digital cameras: Fuji, Konica, _SONY, JVC, Panasonic, Toshiba

2. Cars: Honda, Toyota, Suzuki, Nissan. Canon _CANON, Shengli _JVC, TDK, Panasonic _Panasonic, Casio _CASIO, _KENWOOD, Aihua _Aiwa, Seiko _SIEKO, Nikon _NIKON, Hitachi _HITACHI, Brother _Brother, Yajia _AKAI, Pioneer _Pioneer, Toshiba _TOSHIBA. ALPINENEC, Baile _NTT, Minolta _Minolta, _ZEBRAKDDI, _DragonflyDoCoMo, SHARP, Fujitsu _FUJITSUTUKA, Epson _EPSON, America _MITSUMIJ-PHONE, _Ricoh, _Kyocera and _KONIKA.

4 Reality

Situation

But globalization makes it impossible for boycotts to succeed

The wave of globalization after the Second World War, especially after the end of the Cold War, is the globalization led by capital. Under this globalization mode, "goods" is no longer the main factor of transnational flow, but "capital" takes its place, and the complexity, secrecy and ubiquity of transnational capital pose a great challenge to the traditional "goods against goods" movement.

Conduct large-scale anti-Japanese demonstrations and protests

Boycott Japanese goods (3 pieces)

First of all, the composition of capital has become multinational and international, which is dominated by multinational companies that have huge capital and are constantly merging with each other. They no longer have very clear nationality. For example, Mitsubishi Motors Corporation of Japan on the "boycott of Japanese goods" list is actually controlled by Daimler-Chrysler (with 37% of the shares), and the latter is formed by the merger of Daimler-Benz of Germany and Chrysler of the United States. Therefore, the capital from Germany, the United States and Japan controls Mitsubishi. If Mitsubishi Motors is on the "boycott" list of China people, then its interests will be directly affected by Daimler-Chrysler, the third largest automobile manufacturer in the world.

Secondly, the production process of products of multinational companies is highly internationalized. The so-called "Japanese goods" are no longer cotton fabrics produced by Japanese cotton mills or goods imported from Japan, but usually goods or services with Japanese core components, intellectual property rights and marketing plans. A considerable part of Sino-Japanese trade is this hidden "Japanese goods".