Slogan of old Shanghai

Du (1888.22-19518.16), formerly known, was later renamed Yong by Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies.

Du was born in Dujiazhai, Gao Qiaonan, Chuansha, Shanghai (now Pudong New Area, Shanghai). Before I was four years old, my mother and father died one after another and were raised by her stepmother and uncle. 14 years old, working as an apprentice for the first time in Shanghai Shiliupu Hongyuansheng Fruit Trading Company. He was always associated with hooligans and gangsters, and he was addicted to gambling and was soon fired. After that, I transferred to Pan Shengyuan Fruit Shop as a clerk. Shi Shichang worshipped Green Chen Gang as an old man. Chen Shichang, the mafia boss around Xiaodongmen at that time, was nicknamed "Signature Fusheng". In green gang, he belongs to the generation of "Tong", while Du belongs to the generation of "Wu". With the help of others, Du was able to enter Huang Mansion, green gang's main residence in Shanghai. Because Du was clever, cunning and considerate, he quickly gained the appreciation of Huang, the head of the Chinese community in the French Concession at that time, and became his confidant. He was upgraded from "servant" to "opium courier" and was responsible for running the Gongxing Club, one of the three major casinos in the French Concession. Du was good at correcting contract partners and colluding with warlords, and soon became the most powerful person in opium transportation. 1925 in July, Du established Sanxin Company under the protection of concession and warlord forces, monopolized opium transportation in French concession, and was called "Shanghai Big Three" together with Huang. In Song Dynasty, Sterling Seagrave described the smooth "global network" of Du's opium sales: Du's large amount of heroin entered the French market through official channels. As the French Concession in Shanghai was managed by Hanoi instead of Paris, it formed a dark traffic network from Shanghai to Hanoi, Saigon and then to Marseille underworld, which was controlled by the powerful Corsican Federation. The Federation has a more popular name "Mafia". According to Seagrave's records, some people even thought that seven of the eight packs of heroin in the world at that time came from Du Yuesheng. In the same year, Du became the president of the General Federation of Chambers of Commerce in French Concession and was supervised by the Chinese Taxpayers Association. Du's wives (4 photos) among the Big Three in Shanghai, there is a saying that "Huang is greedy for money and good at fighting, and Du will be a man". Compared with Huang He, Du is really better. He is good at coordinating the relations between various factions of the underworld and dealing with the relations with warlords of various factions. He is good at collecting funds and distributing them. He collected a lot of money by selling opium and opening gambling tables, and then used these ill-gotten gains to win over all kinds of people in society, from politicians, literati to gangsters. Du also did something to buy people's hearts. For example, he has been buying medicines to prevent infectious diseases for many years and sending them to his hometown in Pudong for free. Whenever there is a disaster in Shanghai and nearby areas, he will come forward to organize disaster relief; Sometimes pretend to protect the interests of workers, come forward to mediate labor disputes and so on. He changed the traditional hoodlum's bunt costume, wearing a ring and rolled sleeves, but wearing a gown all the year round, giving people a gentle image. Li's secretary-general made friends with outgoing Shanghai Chairman Li, and wrote a couplet: "There are 3,000 guests in Chunshenmen and 5 feet south of Xiaodu." Therefore, he was touted by his party member as "Shen Jun in contemporary spring". He is arty and has made many celebrities. Great scholar Zhang Taiyan, famous scholar Yang Du and famous lawyer Qin Liankui are all his guests. Therefore, Du's social status has been continuously improved. In April, Du Fu, Huang Fu and Huang Fu organized the * * * meeting in China, acting as thugs for Chiang Kai-shek to suppress the revolutionary movement. On the evening of April 6, he tricked and killed Wang Shouhua, the leader of the Shanghai workers' movement, and then ordered the hooligans to suppress the workers' pickets. He therefore won the support of Chiang Kai-shek. After the establishment of the Nanjing government, he served as an adviser to the general command of the army, navy and air force, a major general of the military commission, and the president of the Executive Yuan. Although his title is empty, it helps to improve his social status. In September of the same year, he served as temporary adviser to Hua Dong of the Ministry of Industry of the French Concession, and served as Hua Dong of the Ministry of Industry from 65438 to 0929, which was the highest position for Chinese in the French Concession. From 65438 to 0929, Du founded Zhonghui Bank and set foot in Shanghai's financial industry. By making friends with financial celebrities such as Xu, Tang Shoumin, his banking business is quite prosperous. The original site of Du Mansion (17 sheets) Since 1930, Du has bought 50 mu of land in his hometown, built a large-scale construction project and built the Dujia ancestral temple. From June 8th 193 1 to June 8th 10, the ceremony of completing family worship and "worshiping the Lord and entering the temple" was held. Chiang Kai-shek personally sent a plaque to congratulate him on his "filial piety." The guard of honor, consisting of 5,000 people, set out from Du Mansion in French Concession and marched for several miles, patrolling and escorting, beating drums and waving flags. Du Ci hosted a banquet for three days, with 1000 tables a day. Party and state leaders including Xiong Shihui, commander of Songhu Garrison, and Zhang Qun, mayor of Shanghai, sent plaques. The extravagance is huge, the expenses are huge, and it is extremely prosperous. After the banquet, this luxurious ancestral hall became the largest underground morphine and heroin processing factory in the Far East. Du Yu 1932 started to build Hengshe, and held its opening ceremony on February 25th. Du was appointed honorary chairman. The society is called "Eternal as the Moon", nominally a folk society, with the aim of "pursuing morality, upholding morality, mutual trust and mutual assistance, serving the society and loyalty to the country", but actually it is a gangster organization. Du took this opportunity to recruit disciples and expand his power to all aspects of society. When Hengshe was founded, there were more than 130 people, and by 1937, there were more than 520 people, including the Shanghai Party Department of the Kuomintang and the Shanghai Social Bureau. People from the press, film industry and many other fields attended the meeting. From 65438 to 0934, Du was the chairman of the local association. 1937 In July, Japanese imperialism launched the Lugouqiao Incident, and in August it launched the August 13th Incident which attacked Shanghai. The people of Shanghai, like the people of the whole country, are fighting bravely and tragically against Japan. Driven by the national anti-Japanese voice, Du participated in the anti-Japanese support clubs from all walks of life in Shanghai, serving as a member of the presidium and director of the fundraising committee. He took part in the activities of the army, raised a lot of towels, cigarettes and canned food, and sent them to the anti-enemy support club. He got some badly needed communication equipment and armored insurance vehicles for the generals in China. At the request of Pan Hannian, the representative of the Eighth Route Army in Shanghai, he presented 1000 pairs of gas masks imported from abroad to the Eighth Route Army. After the fall of Shanghai, Du refused to accept Japanese conquest and moved to Hong Kong in 10. In Hong Kong, he used his gang connections to continue his activities. He used to be the vice president of China Red Cross Society, the standing committee member of the Relief Committee, and the chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Committee for the Unification of Party and Government, and engaged in activities such as intelligence and plotting to assassinate traitors. One of the most famous is that his disciples helped the military secret service to kill the big traitor and the pseudo-Shanghai mayor Fu Xiaoan in Shanghai. 1940, he organized the People's Action Committee, a joint organization of various gangs in China supported by the Kuomintang. Du was the main leader and actually became the general leader of gangs in China. 194 1 year 12 After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Du moved to Chongqing, established the head office of Hengshe, and developed his power in the rear area. He organized China Trade Trust Company and Tongji Company to exchange materials with the occupied areas to enrich himself. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Du Yu/KLOC-0 returned to Shanghai in early September, 945, harvested his old headquarters and regrouped. At this time, because the concession has been recovered, the Kuomintang forces can openly operate, and the role of gangs is no longer as important as before. In February, the Shanghai Senate elected its Speaker. After many activities, Du was elected as the speaker with the highest vote, but because the Kuomintang did not support him very much, he resigned immediately after his election. Since then, he has devoted himself to the power development of industry and commerce, finance, transportation, culture, education, journalism and other industries, and has served as a variety of chairman, president, managing director and school manager for sixty or seventy people. 1in the spring of 948, he participated in the "constitution" of the national government and elected Chiang Kai-shek as president. In order to save the serious financial crisis, Chiang Kai-shek sent Jiang Jingguo to Shanghai to carry out market value reform and issue gold certificates, asking the people to convert all foreign currencies and gold and silver held by France into gold certificates. Du Weiping, Du's son, did not fully comply with the regulations. He was arrested by Jiang Jingguo for speculation and sentenced to six months' imprisonment. After this incident, Du knew that he was doomed in Shanghai. 1949 In April, the People's Liberation Army won a series of victories in the War of Liberation, and the liberation of Shanghai was just around the corner. On May 1 day, Du fled to Hong Kong with his family. 1951August 16 died in Hong Kong at the age of 63.

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In mainland newspapers and books, people often read Du Du Yuesheng, the leader of the old Shanghai green gang.

Most of Yue Sheng's works talk about his crimes, occasionally mentioning Du Fu's loyalty, backbone and contribution in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Perhaps this is also the other side of the life of the underworld leader. Beijing Daily published an article asking Zhu Xiaoping, deputy director of the editorial department of Home and Abroad magazine, to interpret this legendary figure's contribution in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The article points out that Du was the leader of green gang (also known as green gang) in old China. Chiang Kai-shek seized power in the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, and Du played a key role in the political reform. He hired hooligans to send banners and cigarettes to the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, tricked and killed the chairman of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, party member Wang Shouhua and others. As a result, the 800,000 members of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions were leaderless and thousands of workers were caught off guard by Chiang Kai-shek. As the boss of the underworld in old Shanghai, Du has many stains on his body, but he is not completely black. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time, he served as the vice president of China Red Cross Society for many years and did some useful charity work. In particular, he served as vice president before and after the Anti-Japanese War, and made contributions in rescuing wounded soldiers, transporting materials and building resistance forces. The article thinks that Du has made four great contributions in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After the outbreak of the All-round Anti-Japanese War, Du organized the Shanghai Rescue Committee in the name of the vice president of the China Red Cross Society, and rescued tens of thousands of anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians. 1937, 13 In August, the Japanese invaders attacked Shanghai in an all-round way, and the defenders in Shanghai rose up to resist Japan. In the name of the vice president of China Red Cross, Du organized the Shanghai Ambulance Committee with various organizations, and set up 10 ambulance team, 13 ambulance team and 24 temporary ambulance hospitals, collected 98 ambulance vehicles, and specially designated 16 public and private hospitals to accommodate wounded soldiers and civilians. According to statistics, Du's rescue and transportation medical work saved 44,398 wounded soldiers and civilians in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Since then, Du plans to establish seriously injured hospitals in Songjiang, Kunshan, Suzhou, Wuxi, Hangzhou and Nanjing. Every year, the number of patients treated in hospitals ranges from 200 to 3,000 to 3,000. After the fall of Nanjing, China Red Cross Society and its local staff mostly retreated to Hankou. Du personally flew to Hankou, negotiated with the relevant government departments about the ambulance policy, set up a temporary ambulance committee in Hankou, set up 37 medical teams, and gradually increased them to 178 according to needs, with nearly 3,000 staff. According to statistics, by the end of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the total number of soldiers and civilians rescued by the Red Cross has reached 2.6 million. This remarkable achievement is inseparable from the efforts of all the staff of the Red Cross, but Du's leading role in it cannot be ignored. Many materials and vehicles needed for the rescue work were called by Du, and it is not excluded that he "destroyed his family to ease the difficulties". At this time, he called on the groups he could influence, including his gang organizations, to donate money for the war of resistance, which played a great role. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he insisted on staying in Shanghai, including taking part in the work of the Anti-Japanese Support Association. It was not until the fall of Shanghai in June 5438+065438+ 10 that he secretly retreated. In the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Dai Li * * * co-founded an armed guerrilla group of 10,000 people to participate in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in cooperation with the regular army. Another important thing Du did in the Shanghai Anti-Japanese War was to co-create the "Jiangsu and Zhejiang Forest Protection Action Committee" with Dai Li to participate in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Although Dai Li took fighting against China * * * as his responsibility all his life, his ideological tendency in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression basically belonged to the camp of young warriors of the main battle of Huangpu Department. At this point, Du Fu's "Who is patriotic, who is not as good as me" is consistent with him. Originally, they were close friends and had * * * knowledge on anti-Japanese, so they agreed to set up an armed guerrilla group of 10000 people in Shanghai based on gangs and workers, to cooperate with the regular army in fighting and be responsible for preventing espionage and rape. Du Yuesheng donated 5000 submachine guns at his own expense and used his influence to mobilize gang members, workers, students, shop assistants and unemployed youths to join the army. In June+10/October, 5438, this hastily established guerrilla group cooperated with the regular army to fight the Japanese aggressors in Shanghai and on both sides of Suzhou Creek. Although its combat strength is poor, most of its members are extremely brave and tenacious, making sacrifices for the Chinese nation's anti-Japanese war. According to the statistics afterwards, more than 500 soldiers of the Rangers were killed and more than 500 were injured. It is said that Du Yuesheng is very sad. He doesn't care about money, but sympathizes with the young people who died for their country, many of whom are his apprentices. After the office of the Red Cross Society of China moved to Hong Kong, Du personally presided over the work to raise funds for the ambulance service. /kloc-in the spring of 0/938, the office of the Red Cross Society of China moved to Hong Kong, and Du personally presided over the work, set up the general society, received overseas donations and raised funds for rescue. It can be said that Du is very hard at this time. At that time, the Kuomintang government also had a Central Relief Committee. After the "August 13th" Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Du as the Standing Committee of the Association, responsible for the work of the so-called Ninth Relief Zone in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian provinces. To facilitate their work, Du and the China Red Cross are co-located in the Ninth Disaster Relief Office on Austin Road, Kowloon. His residence is here, too. He has a room in the biggest hotel in Hong Kong, which is dedicated to contacting all parties. At that time, the anti-Japanese war materials and refugee relief materials donated by overseas Chinese were received by Du and transported to Hankou or Chongqing. At the same time, Du is also responsible for cooperating with Dai Li to collect information on enemy-occupied areas, eliminate traitors and counter-insurgency. It is said that the assassination of another gang leader, Zhang Xiaolin, was also related to Du. In addition, Gao Zongwu, who caused a sensation at home and abroad, broke away from the Wang puppet clique and announced the "Wang puppet plot", which was also the rebellion of Du Fu and Dai Li. After the fall of Hong Kong, Du retired to Chongqing, presided over the meeting of the Red Cross, and handled the front-line rescue, rear air raid rescue, medical rescue and other work. At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, most overseas materials were transported to Du for beauty pageant through Hong Kong.

Du handled the receiving and transshipment in the name of the Red Cross, which made a certain contribution to the cause of the Anti-Japanese War. After the fall of Hong Kong, the Red Cross moved to Chongqing on 1940, and Du also retired to Chongqing to preside over the meeting, dealing with frontline rescue, rear air raid rescue, medical rescue and so on. 1942, Du founded Chongqing Hospital, with 300 beds and complete facilities in all subjects. It was the most advanced wartime rear hospital at that time and was praised by public opinion. In addition, Du has done a lot of work in strategic material procurement and expediting. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Du returned to Shanghai, promoted the demobilization work in Shanghai, helped restore and strengthen the organization of the Shanghai Red Cross, and laid the foundation for the society to carry out various social services. After 1950s, Du settled in Hong Kong. 1952 before he died, he said to his wife, "Take my bones back to Shanghai and bury them in Gao Qiao, Pudong." However, his last wish never came true. His body was transported to Taiwan Province Province19521KLOC-0/in June, and now he lives at the foot of Dajianshan Mountain in Shinan Primary School in Taipei. The inside story of Du's not going to Taiwan Province Province: Chiang Kai-shek regards me as chamber pot Du. In his later years, he said angrily, "Chiang Kai-shek regarded me as chamber pot and put me under the bed when I was finished." This image metaphor is not only the tycoon's resentment against Chiang Kai-shek, but also a lament for the tragic situation after falling out of favor. After the end of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Du was self-righteous and wanted to use Chiang Kai-shek's award to get an influential position and lead an official addiction. He set his sights on the mayor of Shanghai, at least the deputy mayor. He passed this idea on to Dai Li, the director of the military system. Dai Li got the message and conveyed it to Chiang Kai-shek. At the end of August, Du returned to Shanghai with a group of followers crowding round. Unexpectedly, there was real news on the way. Chiang Kai-shek appointed Qian Dajun as the mayor of Shanghai and Wu Shaoshu as the deputy mayor, responsible for receiving all the power in Shanghai. It turns out that Chiang Kai-shek's attitude towards Du has changed. Du's frustration hasn't come yet: when the train approached Shanghai, his disciples got on the train and reported that the municipal government informed him to cancel the original welcoming ceremony, and even the completed archway was demolished. At the North Railway Station, slogans such as "Du Yuesheng is the representative of the black forces" and "Down with Du Yuesheng" were posted. After hearing the news, Du Yuesheng became even more angry. In order to avoid embarrassment, he temporarily changed to get off at Shanghai West Railway Station. When standing by, no one asked Du to hold a beauty contest.

Members meet. 1in the summer of 946, in order to embody "democratic politics", Chiang Kai-shek ordered "election" of members of the Shanghai Senate. Du Xin thought it was true and planned to run for the post of Speaker, so he organized his disciples to make a big splash, put forward various reasons to publicize that the post of Speaker belonged to Du, and spared no expense in canvassing votes. Unexpectedly, just as the victory was in hand, Chiang Kai-shek came to the news: I hope Pan Gongzhan will serve as the speaker. Pan Gongzhan is the backbone of CC department and a close confidant of Chiang Kai-shek. This is a blow to Du Yuesheng. He knows that his arm can't twist his thigh, but he has become a "hero". Who is the wise age? After he was elected as the Speaker of Parliament after the election results came out, he immediately read a "resignation letter": "Shanghai is a metropolis, and the Speaker has a great responsibility. I am a patient. I can't shoulder the heavy responsibility and let the public down. Please forgive me and re-elect. " Mayor Wu Guozhen, who presided over the election meeting, immediately accepted the original intention and was re-elected. So he voted for the second time and elected Pan Gongzhan as the speaker. The contradiction between Du and Chiang Kai-shek is deepening day by day. After the three major battles, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to step down. Du knew that the Chiang dynasty had run out of luck, so he began to think about it. I did three things for my vacation: I sold a mansion on Dumet Road and got $600,000; Change profligacy into living within one's means, lay off employees and tighten expenses; I have been to Hong Kong once and want to buy a house. In late March, Du returned to Shanghai, and Chiang Kai-shek invited him to Nanjing and said to him, "Shanghai seems to be untenable. Mr. Du should be prepared to bring his family to Taiwan Province Province when necessary to help the party and the country revive the great cause. " Du seemed to anticipate Chiang Kai-shek's "concern" and said happily, "I'm going to give up the retrogression after Shanghai." Chiang Kai-shek once heard that China entrusted Huang Yanpei and others to persuade Du to stay in Shanghai. He didn't want Du to engage in a "United front", so he added a few words in a warning tone: "Mr. Du has cooperated with the Central Committee for many years. /kloc-When he was cleaning up the Party in 0/6, he made great contributions to the eradication of the Shanghai * * * Party, so he forged a deep hatred with the * * * Party. * * * The Party stresses class and struggle. They will never let you go. They must have no luck, so it is best to go to Taiwan Province Province as soon as possible. " Du's words are still half bright and half dark: "The President can rest assured that I have no luck with the * * * production party." Chiang Kai-shek was not satisfied with this, of course, and the two sides broke up in discord, but Chiang Kai-shek did not stop there and tried to fight for it, forcing Du to go to Taiwan Province Province. Du has calculated and weighed whether to stay or not. Although China persuaded him to stay through Huang Yanpei, by his own judgment, he has been struggling with * * * for more than 20 years. When a counter-revolutionary coup took place on April 12, he killed many producers, including Wang Shouhua, chairman of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions. This is a blood debt, so he dare not leave. As for where to go? I have a bad relationship with Chiang Kai-shek, so I went to Taiwan Province Province alone, not just to be a sponsor. Du chose to go to Hong Kong, which is called a free port.