Environmental protection promotion

1. Fully understand the importance of environmental protection work

(1) Environmental protection work has made positive progress. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to environmental protection and have adopted a series of major policies and measures. All regions and departments have continuously increased their efforts in environmental protection. With the rapid growth of the national economy and the significant improvement in the people's consumption level, the national environmental quality has basically improved. Stable, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved, the total emission of most major pollutants has been controlled, the pollution emission intensity of industrial products has declined, environmental governance in key river basins and regions has continued to advance, ecological protection and governance have been strengthened, and nuclear and radiation supervision The system has been further improved, the environmental awareness of the whole society and the participation of the people have been significantly improved. Our country has conscientiously implemented international environmental conventions and established a good international image.

(2) The environmental situation is still very severe. Although my country's environmental protection has made positive progress, the severe environmental situation has not changed. The discharge of major pollutants exceeds the environmental carrying capacity. River sections flowing through cities are generally polluted. Air pollution in many cities is serious. Acid rain pollution has worsened. The harm of persistent organic pollutants has begun to appear. The area of ??soil pollution has expanded. The pollution of coastal waters has intensified. , there are hidden dangers in nuclear and radiation environmental safety. Ecological damage is serious, water and soil erosion is widespread, rocky desertification and grassland degradation are intensifying, biodiversity is reduced, and ecosystem functions are degraded. The environmental problems that have appeared in stages during the industrialization process in developed countries over hundreds of years have appeared intensively in my country in the past 20 years, showing the characteristics of structural, compound and compressed types. Environmental pollution and ecological destruction have caused huge economic losses, endangered people's health, and affected social stability and environmental safety. In the next 15 years, my country's population will continue to increase, the economic aggregate will quadruple, resource and energy consumption will continue to grow, and environmental protection will face increasing pressure.

(3) Environmental protection regulations, systems, and work are not compatible with task requirements. At present, some places focus on GDP growth and neglect environmental protection. The legal system for environmental protection is not sound enough, environmental legislation has not fully adapted to the needs of the situation, and the phenomenon of non-compliance with laws and lax enforcement of laws is quite prominent. The environmental protection mechanism is imperfect, investment is insufficient, there are many historical debts, the pollution control process is slow, and the degree of marketization is low. The environmental management system has not been completely straightened out and the efficiency of environmental management needs to be improved. Supervision capabilities are weak, national environmental monitoring, information, science and technology, publicity and comprehensive assessment capabilities are insufficient, and the environmental protection awareness and public participation level of some leading cadres need to be enhanced.

(4) Put environmental protection in a more important strategic position. Strengthening environmental protection is an important measure to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, an intrinsic requirement for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, a practical action to persist in governing for the people and improving governance capabilities, and a powerful guarantee for building a harmonious socialist society. Strengthening environmental protection is conducive to promoting economic structural adjustment and growth mode transformation, and achieving faster and better development; it is conducive to promoting the development of environmental protection and related industries, cultivating new economic growth points and increasing employment; it is conducive to raising the environmental awareness of the whole society and moral quality, and promote the construction of socialist spiritual civilization; it is conducive to ensuring the physical health of the people, improving the quality of life and extending the average life span; it is conducive to safeguarding the long-term interests of the Chinese nation, leaving a good space for survival and development for future generations. Therefore, we must use the scientific outlook on development to guide environmental protection work and make determination to solve environmental problems.

2. Use the Scientific Outlook on Development to guide environmental protection work

(5) Guiding ideology. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", we conscientiously implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, and in accordance with the requirements of comprehensively implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development and building a socialist harmonious society, adhere to the basic national policy of environmental protection, and in the process of development Solve environmental problems. Actively promote economic structural adjustment and fundamental transformation of the economic growth model, effectively change the situation of "pollution first, then treatment, and treatment while destroying", rely on scientific and technological progress, develop a circular economy, advocate ecological civilization, strengthen environmental rule of law, and improve the regulatory system, Establish a long-term mechanism to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, and strive to allow the people to drink clean water, breathe clean air, eat safe food, and work and live in a good environment.

(6) Basic principles.

——Coordinated development, mutual benefit and win-win. Correctly handle the relationship between environmental protection, economic development and social progress, implement protection in development, promote development in protection, adhere to economical development, safe development, clean development, and achieve sustainable scientific development.

——Strengthen the rule of law and implement comprehensive management. Adhere to administration according to law, constantly improve environmental laws and regulations, and strictly enforce environmental laws; adhere to comprehensive decision-making on environmental protection and development, scientific planning, and highlight the prevention-oriented approach, prevent and control pollution and ecological damage from the source, and comprehensively use law, economy, technology, and necessary Administrative means to solve environmental problems.

——Don’t owe new debts, but pay more of the old debts. Strictly control the total amount of pollutant emissions; all new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects must comply with environmental protection requirements, increase production without increasing pollution, and strive to increase production and reduce pollution; actively solve environmental problems left over from history.

——Rely on technology and innovative mechanism. Vigorously develop environmental science and technology and use technological innovation to promote the solution of environmental problems; establish a diversified investment mechanism from the government, enterprises, and society and a market-oriented operation mechanism for some pollution control facilities, improve the environmental protection system, and establish a unified, coordinated, and efficient environmental supervision system.

——Category guidance, highlighting key points. According to local conditions, zoning planning should be carried out to coordinate urban and rural development, solve environmental problems that restrict economic development and the public's strong response in stages, and improve the environmental quality of key river basins, regions, sea areas and cities.

(7) Environmental goals. By 2010, the environmental quality of key areas and cities will be improved, and the trend of ecological environment deterioration will be basically contained. The total discharge of major pollutants has been effectively controlled, the intensity of pollutant discharge in key industries has dropped significantly, the air quality in key cities, urban concentrated drinking water sources and rural drinking water quality, the national surface water quality and the coastal sea water quality have improved, and the grassland has improved. Degradation trends have been controlled, the area for soil erosion control and ecological restoration has increased, the mine environment has been significantly improved, groundwater overexploitation and pollution trends have slowed down, the ecological functions of key ecological function reserves and nature reserves have been basically stable, and the environmental quality of villages and towns has improved. improvements to ensure the safety of the nuclear and radiation environment.

By 2020, environmental quality and ecological conditions will be significantly improved.

3. Economic and social development must be coordinated with environmental protection

(8) Promote the coordinated development of regional economy and environment. Each region must clarify the functional positioning and development direction of different regions based on resource endowments, environmental capacity, ecological conditions, population size, and national development plans and industrial policies, and organically combine regional economic planning and environmental protection goals. Implement optimized development in areas with limited environmental capacity, insufficient natural resource supply and relatively developed economies, adhere to environmental priority, vigorously develop high and new technologies, optimize industrial structure, accelerate the upgrading of industries and products, and at the same time take the lead in completing the task of reducing total emissions and do to increase production and reduce pollution. Implement key development in areas where the environment still has a certain capacity, are relatively rich in resources, and have great development potential, accelerate infrastructure construction, scientifically and rationally utilize the environmental carrying capacity, promote industrialization and urbanization, and at the same time strictly control the total amount of pollutant emissions to achieve Increase production without increasing pollution. Implement restrictions on development in areas with fragile ecological environments and protected areas with important ecological functions. On the premise of adhering to the priority of protection, rationally choose the direction of development, develop characteristic and advantageous industries, ensure the restoration and conservation of ecological functions, and gradually restore ecological balance. Development is prohibited in nature reserves and areas with special protection value, protection is implemented in accordance with the law, and any development activities that do not comply with regulations are strictly prohibited. It is necessary to conscientiously carry out ecological function zoning work, determine the leading functions of different regions, and form a development pattern with unique characteristics. Environmental impact assessments must be conducted on all types of development and construction plans in accordance with national regulations. Decisions that have a significant impact on the environment must undergo environmental impact demonstration.

(9) Vigorously develop circular economy. All regions and departments should regard the development of circular economy as an important guiding principle in the preparation of various development plans, formulate and implement circular economy promotion plans, accelerate the formulation of policies, relevant standards and evaluation systems to promote the development of circular economy, and strengthen technology development and innovation systems construction. In accordance with the principles of "reduction, reuse, and resource utilization" and the requirements of the ecological environment, products and industrial areas should be designed and transformed to promote the development of a circular economy. In the production process, it is necessary to strictly enforce emission intensity access, encourage energy conservation and consumption reduction, implement clean production and enforce audits in accordance with the law; in the waste generation process, it is necessary to strengthen pollution prevention and full-process control, implement extended producer responsibility, reasonably extend the industrial chain, and strengthen Recycling of various types of waste; in the consumption process, we must vigorously advocate environmentally friendly consumption methods, implement environmental labeling, environmental certification and government green procurement systems, and improve the renewable resource recycling system. Vigorously promote building energy conservation and develop green buildings.

Promote sewage recycling, garbage treatment and resource recycling, and build a water-saving city. Promote activities to create ecological provinces (cities and counties), environmental protection model cities, environmentally friendly enterprises, green communities, and green schools.

(10) Actively develop environmental protection industries. It is necessary to speed up the construction of localization, standardization and modern industrial system of environmental protection industry. Strengthen policy support and market supervision, break local and industry protections, promote fair competition, and encourage social capital to participate in the development of the environmental protection industry in accordance with the laws of market economy. Focus on the development of important environmental protection technology equipment and basic equipment with independent intellectual property rights, and strive to master core environmental protection technologies and key technologies through introduction, digestion and absorption based on independent research and development. Vigorously improve the independent innovation capabilities of environmental protection equipment manufacturing enterprises and promote the independent manufacturing of major environmental protection technical equipment. Cultivate a group of advantageous environmental protection enterprises with well-known brands, strong core technical capabilities, high market share, and the ability to provide more employment opportunities. Accelerate the development of the environmental protection service industry, promote the marketization of environmental consulting, and give full play to the role of intermediary organizations such as industry associations.

4. Effectively solve outstanding environmental problems

(11) Focus on drinking water safety and key river basin management, and strengthen water pollution prevention and control. It is necessary to scientifically delineate and adjust drinking water source protection zones, effectively strengthen the protection of drinking water sources, build urban backup water sources, and solve rural drinking water safety issues. Resolutely ban direct sewage outlets in water source protection zones, strictly prevent the breeding industry from polluting water sources, prohibit toxic and harmful substances from entering drinking water source protection zones, strengthen the prevention and emergency response of water pollution accidents, and ensure the safety of drinking water for the public. The Huaihe River, Haihe River, Liaohe River, Songhua River, Three Gorges Reservoir area and upstream, Yellow River Xiaolangdi Reservoir area and upstream, South-to-North Water Diversion Source Area and along the route, Taihu Lake, Dianchi Lake, and Chaohu Lake are the focus of water pollution control in the basin. Make the Bohai Sea and other key sea areas and estuary areas the focus of marine environmental protection work. It is strictly prohibited to directly discharge excessive industrial wastewater into rivers, lakes and seas.

(12) Focus on strengthening pollution prevention and control and strengthen urban environmental protection. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of urban infrastructure. By 2010, the sewage treatment rate in cities nationwide will not be less than 70%, and the harmless treatment rate of domestic waste will not be less than 60%; efforts will be made to solve particulate matter, noise and catering industry pollution, and encourage the development of energy conservation Environmentally friendly cars. Conduct soil risk assessment and remediation on the original site after the polluting enterprises are relocated. Urban construction should pay attention to natural and ecological conditions, retain natural forests and grasses, rivers and lakes, tidal flats and wetlands, natural landforms, wild animals and other natural heritage as much as possible, and strive to maintain urban ecological balance.

(13) Focus on reducing the total amount of sulfur dioxide emissions and promote the prevention and control of air pollution. Speed ??up the pace of raw coal washing and reduce the sulfur content of commercial coal. Strengthen sulfur dioxide control in coal-fired power plants. New (expanded) coal-fired power plants, in addition to pithead power plants that use extra-low sulfur coal, must simultaneously build desulfurization facilities or take other measures to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions. In large and medium-sized cities and their suburbs, new (expanded) coal-fired power plants other than cogeneration are strictly controlled, and new (expanded) energy-consuming enterprises such as steel and smelting are prohibited. Coal-fired power plants with excessive sulfur dioxide emissions put into operation before the end of 2004 should install desulfurization facilities before the end of 2010; desulfurization targets for different regions should be determined based on environmental conditions, and acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution prevention and control plans should be formulated and implemented. Power plants that have been in operation for more than 20 years or have an installed capacity of less than 100,000 kilowatts will be revamped or shut down within a time limit. Formulate a nitrogen oxide control plan for coal-fired power plants and carry out pilot demonstrations. Increase smoke and dust control efforts. Adopt energy-saving measures to improve energy utilization efficiency; vigorously develop new energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, and biomass energy, actively develop nuclear power, develop hydropower in an orderly manner, increase the proportion of clean energy, and reduce atmospheric pollutant emissions.

(14) Focus on preventing and controlling soil pollution and strengthen rural environmental protection. In conjunction with the construction of a new socialist countryside, we will implement the action plan for a well-off rural environment and environmental protection. Carry out a national soil pollution survey and comprehensive treatment of farmland that exceeds standards. Farmland that is seriously polluted and difficult to repair should be adjusted in accordance with the law; pesticides and fertilizers should be used rationally to prevent and control the pollution of farmland caused by agricultural films; water-saving agriculture and ecological agriculture should be actively developed to increase scale Pollution control efforts in the aquaculture industry. Promote the improvement of water supply and toilets in rural areas, make good use of crop straw and other resources, actively develop rural biogas, properly handle domestic garbage and sewage, solve the problem of "dirty, messy and poor" rural environment, and create towns with beautiful environment and civilized ecological villages . To develop the county economy, we must select characteristic industries that are suitable for the region's resource advantages and environmental capacity to prevent pollution from transferring to rural areas.

(15) Focus on promoting harmony between man and nature and strengthen ecological protection. We must pay equal attention to ecological protection and governance, and focus on controlling unreasonable resource development activities. Prioritize the protection of natural vegetation, adhere to local conditions, and attach importance to natural restoration; continue to implement natural forest protection, natural grassland vegetation restoration, return farmland to forest, return grazing land to grassland, return farmland to lakes, sand prevention and control, water and soil conservation, and prevention of rocky desertification, etc. Ecological management projects; strictly control land degradation and grassland desertification. Economic and social development must be compatible with water resources conditions, coordinate living, production and ecological water use, and build a water-saving society; develop a disaster avoidance economy that adapts to disaster resistance requirements; water resource development and utilization activities must fully consider ecological water use. Strengthen the construction and management of ecological function reserves and nature reserves. Strengthen environmental supervision of mineral resources and tourism development. We will do a good job in protecting mangroves, coastal wetlands, coral reefs, islands and other typical marine and coastal ecosystems.

(16) Focus on the supervision of nuclear facilities and radioactive sources to ensure the safety of the nuclear and radiation environment. Comprehensively strengthen nuclear safety and radiation environmental management, and the state shall implement unified supervision over the environmental protection of nuclear facilities. The planning and construction of nuclear power development must fully consider issues such as nuclear safety, environmental safety and waste treatment and disposal; strengthen the safety supervision of nuclear facilities under construction and in service, accelerate the decommissioning of nuclear facilities and the treatment and disposal of radioactive waste; strengthen electromagnetic radiation and associated radioactivity Environmental supervision and management of mineral resource development; improve radioactive source safety supervision system.

(17) Focus on the implementation of national environmental protection projects and promote the solution of current outstanding environmental problems. National key environmental protection projects are an important measure to solve environmental problems. Starting from the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", national key environmental protection projects must be included in the national economic and social development plan and related special plans, and their implementation must be carefully organized. National key environmental protection projects include: hazardous waste disposal projects, urban sewage treatment projects, harmless garbage treatment projects, coal-fired power plant desulfurization projects, important ecological function protection zones and nature reserve construction projects, rural well-off environmental protection action projects, nuclear and radiation Environmental safety projects and environmental management capacity building projects.

5. Establish and improve long-term mechanisms for environmental protection

(18) Improve the environmental regulations and standards system. It is necessary to promptly formulate draft laws and regulations on soil pollution, chemical pollution, ecological protection, genetic resources, biological safety, ozone layer protection, nuclear safety, circular economy, environmental damage compensation and environmental monitoring, and cooperate with the "People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China" *Revision of the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China. By carefully evaluating environmental legislation and local law enforcement, we will improve environmental laws and regulations, make provisions to increase penalties for illegal acts, and focus on solving the problem of "low cost of violating the law and high cost of complying with the law." Improve the environmental technical specifications and standard system, scientifically determine environmental benchmarks, and strive to connect environmental standards with environmental protection goals.

(19) Strictly implement environmental laws and regulations. It is necessary to strengthen the awareness of legal administration, increase environmental law enforcement, and punish those who do not perform environmental impact assessments, violate the "three simultaneous" system (simultaneous design, simultaneous construction, and simultaneous commissioning of environmental protection facilities for construction projects), abnormal operation of treatment facilities, and excessive pollutant discharge , Failure to comply with the provisions of the pollution discharge permit, causing major environmental pollution accidents, illegal development, construction and tourism in nature reserves, or illegal mining causing ecological damage and other illegal activities will be focused on investigation and punishment. We will intensify environmental supervision over various industrial development zones, and make rectifications within a time limit for those that fail to meet environmental quality requirements. Strengthen departmental coordination and improve joint law enforcement mechanisms. Standardize environmental law enforcement behavior, implement a law enforcement accountability system, and strengthen administrative supervision of environmental law enforcement activities. We will improve the legal aid mechanism for pollution victims and study the establishment of an environmental civil and administrative prosecution system.

(20) Improve the environmental management system. In accordance with the regional ecosystem management method, the division of responsibilities of departments will be gradually streamlined to enhance the coordination and integrity of environmental supervision. Establish and improve an environmental supervision system with national supervision, local supervision, and unit responsibility. The state strengthens guidance, support and supervision of local environmental protection work, improves regional environmental inspection agencies, coordinates cross-provincial environmental protection, and supervises and inspects outstanding environmental problems. Local people's governments are responsible for the environmental quality of their own administrative regions, supervise the environmental protection work of the people's governments at the next level and the environmental behavior of key units, and establish corresponding environmental protection supervision mechanisms. Legal entities and other organizations are responsible for solving environmental problems related to their jurisdiction. Establish a corporate environmental supervisor system and implement professional qualification management. Local people's governments at or above the county level should strengthen the construction of environmental protection institutions and implement functions, establishment and funding.

Further summarize and explore the supervision model of environmental protection agencies in districted cities and improve the local environmental management system. Environmental protection departments at all levels must strictly implement various environmental supervision systems, order severely polluting units to deal with the pollution within a time limit and suspend production for rectification, and be responsible for convening experts and representatives from relevant departments to propose review opinions on the environmental impact assessment of development and construction plans. Improve the transfer procedures for environmental crime cases and cooperate with judicial authorities in handling various environmental cases.

(21) Strengthen the environmental supervision system. It is necessary to implement a total pollutant control system, and disaggregate the total control indicators to local people's governments at all levels and implement them to pollutant-discharging units. Implement a pollutant discharge permit system and prohibit unlicensed or excessive discharge of pollutants. Strictly implement the environmental impact assessment and "three simultaneities" system, and suspend the approval of new total pollutant discharges and areas that have a greater impact on the ecology in areas that exceed the total amount of pollutants control indicators, have serious ecological damage, or have not yet completed ecological restoration tasks. Construction projects; if a construction project starts construction or puts into production without authorization without fulfilling the environmental impact assessment approval procedures, it will be ordered to stop construction or production, go through the environmental impact assessment procedures, and hold the relevant personnel accountable. Implement full demonstration and post-evaluation of ecological management projects. It is necessary to improve the forced elimination system in conjunction with economic structural adjustment, and in accordance with national industrial policies, promptly formulate and adjust the mandatory elimination of seriously polluting enterprises and backward production capabilities, processes, equipment and product catalogs. Strengthen the time-limited treatment system, and implement time-limited treatment for pollutant-discharging units that cannot stably meet the standards or exceed the total amount. During the treatment period, production and emission should be limited, and projects that increase the total amount of pollutant emissions are not allowed to be built; those who fail to complete the treatment tasks within the time limit shall be ordered to It was suspended for rectification. Improve the environmental supervision system and strengthen on-site law enforcement inspections. Strictly implement emergency response plans for environmental emergencies. Local people's governments at all levels must be fully responsible for emergency response to environmental emergencies in accordance with relevant regulations. The State Environmental Protection Administration and relevant departments of the State Council will provide coordination and support according to the situation. Establish a water quality assessment system for cross-provincial river sections, and provincial people's governments should ensure that outbound water quality meets assessment targets. The state has strengthened the coordination of cross-provincial environmental law enforcement and pollution disputes. If the discharge of pollutants from upstream provinces causes pollution accidents in downstream provinces, the people's government at the upstream provincial level shall bear the responsibility for compensation and hold relevant units and personnel accountable in accordance with the law. Specific measures for compensation will be formulated by the State Environmental Protection Administration in conjunction with relevant departments.

(22) Improve the investment mechanism for environmental protection. Creating a good ecological environment is an important responsibility of people's governments at all levels. People's governments at all levels must include environmental protection investment as a key part of their fiscal expenditures and increase it year by year. It is necessary to increase financial investment in pollution prevention and control, ecological protection, environmental protection pilot demonstrations and environmental protection supervision capacity building. At present, local governments are focusing on supporting and improving sewage pipe networks and domestic waste collection and transportation facilities, and the state continues to arrange investment to support this. People's governments at all levels must strictly implement national staffing and quota standards, ensure administrative and business expenditures such as environmental protection administration, supervision, monitoring, information, and publicity, and effectively solve the problem of "two lines of revenue and expenditure." It is necessary to guide social funds to participate in the investment of urban and rural environmental protection infrastructure and related work, and improve the diversified environmental protection investment and financing mechanism of the government, enterprises and society.

(23) Promote economic policies that are conducive to environmental protection. Establish and improve price, tax, credit, trade, land and government procurement policy systems that are conducive to environmental protection. Government pricing must fully consider the scarcity of resources and environmental costs, and market-regulated prices must also be guided and supervised in a manner that is conducive to environmental protection. Implement electricity price policies that are conducive to development for renewable energy power plants and waste incineration power plants, and implement a full purchase policy for grid-connected electricity from renewable energy power generation projects. Enterprises that do not comply with national industrial policies and environmental protection standards shall not be approved for land use, credit shall be suspended, industrial and commercial registration shall not be processed, or they may be banned in accordance with the law. Donations to environmental protection causes through domestic non-profit social groups and state agencies will be given tax incentives in accordance with the law. It is necessary to improve the ecological compensation policy and establish an ecological compensation mechanism as soon as possible. Ecological compensation factors should be taken into account in central and local fiscal transfer payments, and the state and local governments can carry out ecological compensation pilots respectively. Establish a mechanism for sharing the benefits of genetic resources.

(24) Use market mechanisms to promote pollution control. Comprehensively implement a charging system for urban sewage and domestic garbage treatment. The charging standard must reach the level of capital preservation and low profit. Where the charging is not in place, the local finance must provide subsidies for operating costs. Encourage social capital to participate in the construction and operation of infrastructure such as sewage and garbage treatment.

Promote urban sewage and garbage treatment units to accelerate the transformation of enterprises, adopt public bidding methods, select investment entities and operating units on the basis of merit, implement franchising, and strengthen supervision. Implement supportive policies and provide tax incentives for land use, electricity use, equipment depreciation, etc. for the construction and operation of pollution treatment facilities. Producers must be responsible in accordance with the law or entrust others to recycle and dispose of waste products and bear the costs. Promote an integrated model of design, construction and operation of pollution control projects, and encourage pollutant discharge units to entrust specialized companies to undertake pollution control or facility operations. Regions and units that have the conditions to do so can implement emissions trading for sulfur dioxide and other emissions.

(25) Promote the progress of environmental science and technology. Strengthen the construction of basic environmental science and technology platforms and prioritize major environmental protection scientific research projects in the national science and technology plan. Carry out research on environmental protection strategies, standards, environment and health, and encourage research on the prevention and control of water, atmosphere, soil, noise, solid waste, agricultural non-point source and other pollution, as well as research on ecological protection, resource recycling, drinking water safety, nuclear safety and other fields, Organize research on key and difficult technologies such as advanced sewage treatment, desulfurization and denitrification of coal-fired power plants, clean coal, and automobile exhaust purification, and accelerate the application of high and new technologies in the field of environmental protection. Actively carry out technology demonstrations and promotion of results to improve independent innovation capabilities.

(26) Strengthen environmental protection team and capacity building. Improve environmental supervision, monitoring and emergency response systems. Standardize the management of environmental protection personnel, strengthen training, improve quality, and build an environmental protection team with good ideas, positive style, business understanding, and management skills. People's governments at all levels should select leading cadres with high political awareness and strong professional qualities to enrich environmental protection departments. The appointment and removal of the person in charge of the lower-level environmental protection department must seek the opinions of the higher-level environmental protection department in advance. In accordance with the overall ideas and relevant requirements of the reform of government agencies and public institutions, we will study and solve the problem of incorporating environmental law enforcement personnel into the civil service sequence. It is necessary to improve the environmental monitoring network, build the "Golden Ring Project", realize "digital environmental protection", accelerate the construction of environmental and nuclear safety information systems, and implement a mechanism for sharing information resources. Establish an environmental accident emergency monitoring and early warning system for major environmental emergencies.

(27) Improve social supervision mechanism. Implement an environmental quality announcement system, regularly publish relevant environmental protection indicators in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), release environmental information such as urban air quality, urban noise, drinking water source water quality, river basin water quality, coastal sea water quality and ecological status assessment, and promptly release pollution Accident information to create conditions for public participation. Announce cities with substandard environmental quality and implement an investment environment risk early warning mechanism. Give full play to the role of social groups, encourage reporting and exposure of various environmental violations, and promote environmental public interest litigation. Companies must disclose environmental information. For development plans and construction projects involving public environmental rights and interests, public opinions should be listened to and social supervision should be strengthened through hearings, demonstration meetings or public announcements.

(28) Expand international environmental cooperation and exchanges. It is necessary to actively introduce foreign funds, advanced environmental protection technology and management experience, and improve my country's environmental protection technology, equipment and management level. Actively publicize my country’s achievements and measures in environmental protection, participate in international conventions and negotiations on trade and environment related to climate change, biodiversity protection, desertification prevention, wetland protection, ozone layer protection, persistent organic pollutant control, nuclear safety, etc., and perform corresponding international obligations to safeguard national environmental and development rights and interests. Efforts should be made to control greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate the elimination of ozone-depleting substances. It is necessary to improve the environmental standards of foreign trade products, establish an environmental risk assessment mechanism and a hazardous substance monitoring system for imported goods, and not only reasonably introduce renewable resources and species resources, but also strictly prevent the transfer of pollution, illegal import of waste, and harmful alien species Invasions and loss of genetic resources.

6. Strengthen the leadership of environmental protection work

(29) Implement the environmental protection leadership responsibility system. Local people's governments at all levels must unify their thinking to the scientific outlook on development, fully understand that protecting the environment is protecting productivity, and improving the environment is developing productivity, enhance awareness of environmental worries and responsibility for environmental protection work, and grasp the difficult issues that restrict environmental protection. and key issues affecting people's health, we must tackle them to the end and achieve results. The main leaders of local people's governments and the main persons in charge of relevant departments are the first persons responsible for environmental protection in their respective administrative regions and systems. Governments and departments must have a leader in charge of environmental protection work to ensure that awareness, responsibility, measures and investment are in place. .

Local people's governments must listen to reports regularly, study and deploy environmental protection work, formulate and organize the implementation of environmental protection plans, inspect the implementation, solve problems in a timely manner, and ensure the achievement of environmental goals. People's governments at all levels must report or inform environmental protection work to the people's congress and the CPPCC at the same level and accept supervision.

(30) Scientific evaluation of development and environmental protection achievements. Research green national economic accounting methods and gradually incorporate resource consumption, environmental losses and environmental benefits in the development process into the evaluation system of economic development. Environmental protection should be included as an important part of the assessment of leadership teams and leading cadres, and the assessment results should be used as one of the basis for the selection, appointment, rewards and punishment of cadres. Uphold and improve the environmental target responsibility system of local people's governments at all levels, implement annual target management of major environmental protection tasks and indicators, conduct regular assessments, and publish assessment results. Environmental protection must be vetoed with one vote in the evaluation of excellence and innovation activities. Units and individuals that have made outstanding contributions to environmental protection work should be commended and rewarded. Establish an accountability system to effectively solve the problem of local protectionism interfering with environmental law enforcement. Leading cadres and public officials who caused major environmental accidents due to poor decision-making and seriously interfered with normal environmental law enforcement must be held accountable.

(31) Carry out in-depth publicity and education on environmental protection. Environmental protection is a national undertaking, and environmental publicity and education is an important way to realize the country's will to protect the environment. It is necessary to increase the publicity of the basic national policy of environmental protection and environmental laws, promote environmental culture, advocate ecological civilization, promote social equity with environmental compensation, promote social harmony with ecological balance, and enrich spiritual civilization with environmental culture. The news media should vigorously publicize the inherent requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development for environmental protection, regard public welfare publicity on environmental protection as an important task, promptly report on the party and national environmental protection policies and measures, publicize new progress and experience in environmental protection work, and strive to create an environment for conserving resources and protecting the environment. atmosphere of public opinion. Cadre training institutions at all levels should strengthen environmental protection training for leading cadres and heads of key enterprises. Strengthen the training of environmental protection talents, strengthen environmental education for young people, carry out national environmental protection science activities, and improve the consciousness of the entire people to protect the environment.

(32) Improve the coordination mechanism for environmental protection. Establish a comprehensive decision-making mechanism for environmental protection, improve the environmental protection coordination mechanism with unified supervision and management of environmental protection departments and division of responsibilities among relevant departments, and give full play to the role of the National Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference on Environmental Protection. The environmental protection administrative department of the State Council is the main body of law enforcement for environmental protection. It must work with relevant departments to improve the national environmental monitoring network and standardize the release of environmental information. We will promptly compile a national ecological functional zoning plan and submit it to the State Council for approval and implementation. Comprehensive economic and relevant competent authorities should formulate fiscal, taxation, finance, price, trade, science and technology policies that are conducive to environmental protection. Relevant departments such as construction, land, water conservancy, agriculture, forestry, and oceans must do a good job in environmental protection and resource management in their respective fields in accordance with the law. Publicity and education departments should actively carry out environmental protection publicity and education and popularize environmental protection knowledge. Give full play to the important role of the People's Liberation Army in environmental protection.

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