Can cervical cancer be prevented? How to prevent cervical cancer?

Sometimes diseases are inevitable, especially some serious life-threatening cancers. Many people have heard of cervical cancer. When it comes to cervical cancer, many people should think of Anita Mui. In fact, many women are prone to cervical cancer, which is basically incurable after illness. Not long ago, I heard that vaccination against cervical cancer attracted many women to try.

1. Can cervical cancer be prevented?

Whether in the world or in China, cervical cancer is still a serious threat to women's health. Moreover, the incidence of cervical cancer is younger and the incidence of cervical cancer in China is not optimistic. There are about 96,000 new cases (data of 2065,438+05 released on July 2065,438+05), accounting for about 65,438+08% of the new cases of cervical cancer in the world, accounting for a relatively high proportion, including about 26,000 deaths.

Cervical cancer is the only cancer with definite cause at present, that is, persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). This discovery can be said to bring good news to female friends. A clear reason means that we can prevent it. German scientist harald? Xi Che? Howson also found that he won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine.

But in the face of such an effectively preventable cancer, it still has a high incidence in China. Early cervical cancer can be cured if diagnosed in time, and active treatment of cervical precancerous lesions is an important measure to prevent cervical cancer, so routine screening is very important. Cervical cancer has no symptoms in the early stage. It takes about 10- 15 years for cervical cancer to develop from precancerous lesion to canceration. We can't take it for granted that there are no symptoms or that every examination always says that the cervix is unobstructed and there will be no problems. No matter how smooth the cervix is, there may be precancerous lesions.

Three-level prevention system for cervical cancer;

Primary prevention is a vaccine. There are three kinds of vaccines: bivalent, bivalent and bivalent. Produced by Merck and GlaxoSmithKline respectively. It can not only prevent cervical cancer, but also prevent female privates cancer, vulvar cancer, anal cancer's disease, laryngeal cancer and so on. The recommended vaccination age of HPV vaccine is 9~26 years old, and the most suitable vaccination age is 1 1~ 12 years old. In other words, vaccination before sex is the best. So, if you have sex, can you still be vaccinated? The answer is yes, regardless of economic problems, of course, you can get a vaccine, but the immune effect will be somewhat discounted, and cervical cancer should be checked regularly after vaccination. At present, bivalent and tetravalent vaccines have been marketed in Chinese mainland.

Secondary prevention is screening. At present, the screening rate of healthy women is not high. Without this awareness, many women also feel lucky. They feel very young, and there is nothing uncomfortable at ordinary times. There should be no problem.

According to statistics, in 20 10, the coverage rate of cervical cancer screening in China was less than 30%. After more than seven years of efforts, the coverage rate is expected to reach 50%-60%.

It takes about 10- 15 years for cervical cancer to develop from precancerous lesion to canceration. So we have enough time to get involved.

For this kind of cancer with definite cause, regular examination is necessary.

Tertiary prevention means treatment. If cervical cancer and precancerous lesions are found without treatment, the five-year survival rate is less than 30% until it develops into advanced cancer, but it can be cured for early cancer.

2. Misunderstandings in the treatment of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a series of malignant tumors in uterus, which is the biggest killer of women's health. Female friends should have a comprehensive and correct understanding of cervical cancer, which is conducive to women's prevention of the disease. Once cervical cancer occurs, it can be found in time to avoid delaying treatment. Let Bian Xiao introduce some misunderstandings about cervical cancer.

Myth 1: Cervical cancer has no symptoms at the time of onset, and it can only wait for death after diagnosis.

In fact, the human body always indicates various diseases on the body. Hemorrhage after the same room and menstrual bleeding are all signs of cervical cancer, and other abnormal excretions or local pelvic pain all suggest the possibility of cervical cancer. The survival rate of patients with early cervical cancer is relatively high. In addition, cervical cancer recurs within 2 years after treatment, and once it lasts for 5 years, the risk of recurrence is very low.

Myth 2: Young people will not suffer from cervical cancer.

In recent years, the onset age of cervical cancer is getting younger and younger, so women who are 265,438+0 years old or have had sex for three years should receive the first Pap smear, and how long should they consult a doctor. Even after vaccination, pap smears are still needed. Actually, age doesn't mean anything. Even if you have reached menopause, had a hysterectomy, or are over 65 years old, a pap smear is still necessary.

Myth 3: Taking hormone replacement therapy will increase the risk of cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is not hormone-dependent like breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Low-dose hormone replacement therapy can treat menopausal symptoms without increasing the risk of cervical cancer.

Myth 4: Cervical cancer must remove the uterus.

Hysterectomy is a routine treatment for early cervical cancer, but it is not the only choice. Hysterectomy, radical hysterectomy etc. Hysterectomy can be avoided, and the right of female patients to be mothers can be preserved as much as possible without affecting their survival. Of course, after hysterectomy, because the ovaries that determine the physiological characteristics of women have not been removed, early menopause is not common, and patients need not worry too much.

Myth 5: Cervical cancer hysterectomy will make me enter menopause.

Fact: Cervical cancer hysterectomy does not remove the ovaries, which determines whether a person has menstruation. Cervical cancer rarely spreads to the ovary. Women who receive pelvic radiotherapy for cervical cancer may experience menopause because radiation will affect the ovaries.

Myth 6: Condoms have nothing to do with uterine cancer.

At present, cervical cancer vaccine can only prevent four types of human papillomavirus, but the new vaccine is still powerless against cervical cancer of other causes. Continued use of condoms can reduce cervical cancer to a greater extent.

Myth 7: There is no cure for cervical cancer except surgery.

Surgical resection is indeed one of the most effective and routine methods to treat cervical cancer, but it is not the only choice. Iconic hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy can avoid total hysterectomy and retain women's rights as mothers without affecting fertility. Of course, the treatment of cervical cancer is not unique. In addition to surgery, there are radiotherapy and chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and traditional Chinese medicine treatment suitable for different types of patients. Take TCM treatment as an example. Almost all cancer treatment programs are treated by traditional Chinese medicine. In the existing clinical medication of traditional Chinese medicine, many components of traditional Chinese medicine are aimed at tumor treatment, such as ginsenoside Rh2 from ginseng, which has good anti-tumor activity and inhibits the growth of tumor cancer cells. Ginsenoside Rh2 can effectively enhance the phagocytic function of mononuclear macrophages and induce apoptosis of tumor cancer cells. It has become the most widely used anticancer component of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical medicine.

Myth 8: You can't have any more children after cervical cancer treatment.

Cervical cancer will not get pregnant if it is hysterectomy or radiotherapy. However, the new operation helps to maintain women's fertility without affecting their survival. Radical hysterectomy removes the cervix but retains the uterus, so women can still get pregnant. Cone biopsy may be suitable for small early cancer, and it can also preserve fertility.

Myth 9: HPV infection can lead to uterine cancer.

First of all, the incidence of uterine cancer is indeed closely related to a virus called human papillomavirus. Studies have shown that persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus is a necessary factor for uterine cancer and its precancerous lesions. However, all women who have sex may be infected with human papillomavirus through sexual contact. About 80% of women have been infected with this virus in their lifetime.

Myth 10: after vaccination, it is equivalent to wearing a bulletproof vest and being unscrupulous.

Cervical cancer vaccine is not for everyone, only for four kinds of human papillomavirus. However, for other causes of cervical cancer, the new vaccine is still helpless. If you want to prevent it, you must continue to use condoms, which can reduce cervical cancer.

The mortality rate of cervical cancer is very high, which is a serious threat to women's health. There are many reasons for cervical cancer, not only middle-aged and elderly people are prone to cervical cancer, but also young people may appear. Therefore, everyone should pay attention to prevention at ordinary times, and gynecological diseases should not be ignored. If there is anything unusual, it is better to go to the hospital for examination.